A Cyst You Can't Miss: A Rare Presentation of an Orbital Apocrine Hidrocystoma.

Apocrine hidrocystomas are benign cystic lesions derived from the sweat glands of Moll and seldom found in the orbit. The authors present a case of a 41-year-old healthy man, with no prior medical history, referred for a painless enlarging mass, medial to his right upper eyelid for the past 3 months. Computed tomography showed a well-defined cystic lesion localized in the supero-medial anterior orbit. Following complete excision of the lesion, histopathology revealed an apocrine hidrocystoma. Although rare, apocrine hidrocystomas should be considered in the differential diagnosis for cystic mass of the orbit at any age group.

Eosinophilic angiocentric fibrosis : a sino-orbital masquerader.

A 58-year-old Caucasian male presented with left periorbital oedema extending to the nasal area for 1 year along with nasal discharge for 1 month. Lab work was significant for positive cytoplasmic antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies. CT scan showed solid mass along the nasal soft tissue with bony nasal destruction. A CT scan of the thorax was performed to rule out granulomatosis with polyangiitis and showed multiple pulmonary nodules. Biopsies of the nasal mass and lung nodule were performed which showed fragments of fibrosis with spindle cell proliferation consistent with eosinophilic angiocentric fibrosis (EAF). EAF is a very rare disease, recently described as a subtype of immunoglobulin G4-related disease. A few rare cases of EAF involving the structures of the orbit have been reported in the literature.

Genotoxicity evaluation of electromagnetic fields generated by 835-MHz mobile phone frequency band.

It is still unclear whether the exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMFs) generated by mobile phone radiation is directly linked to cancer. We examined the biological effects of an EMF at 835 MHz, the most widely used communication frequency band in Korean CDMA mobile phone networks, on bacterial reverse mutation (Ames assay) and DNA stability (in vitro DNA degradation). In the Ames assay, tester strains alone or combined with positive mutagen were applied in an artificial mobile phone frequency EMF generator with continuous waveform at a specific absorption rate (SAR) of 4 W/kg for 48 h. In the presence of the 835-MHz EMF radiation, incubation with positive mutagen 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide and cumene hydroxide further increased the mutation rate in Escherichia coli WP2 and TA102, respectively, while the contrary results in Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA1535 treated with 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide and sodium azide, respectively, were shown as antimutagenic. However, these mutagenic or co-mutagenic effects of 835-MHz radiation were not significantly repeated in other relevant strains with same mutation type. In the DNA degradation test, the exposure to 835-MHz EMF did not change the rate of degradation observed using plasmid pBluescript SK(+) as an indicator. Thus, we suggest that 835-MHz EMF under the conditions of our study neither affected the reverse mutation frequency nor accelerated DNA degradation in vitro.

Diagnostic challenges in primary orbital fibrosarcoma: a case report.

Fibrosarcoma is a rare and malignant spindle cell tumor of mesenchymal origin that infrequently presents in the orbit. Evolving diagnostic criteria confound the identification of these tumors, as well as the interpretation of previous studies on this unusual entity. We report a case of a 66-year-old man with a mass on his left inferior orbit, with associated paresthesia. A computed tomography (CT) scan showed a lesion on the left anteroinferomedial orbit, with bone erosion. An en bloc surgical excision followed by a thorough immunohistologic evaluation allowed diagnosis of an orbital fibrosarcoma. The patient has had no recurrence after 14 months of follow up. Once a commonly identified soft tissue malignancy, fibrosarcoma has become a diagnosis of exclusion as a result of improved diagnostic and classification techniques, such as immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). This type of soft tissue tumor is now an uncommon entity, and we report the first case of a primary orbital fibrosarcoma in an adult, using modern diagnostic and classification methods.

Eye Popping Disease: Common Characteristics and Management of Spontaneous Globe Subluxation.

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to describe the clinical features, predisposing factors, and management of 8 new cases of spontaneous globe subluxation (SGS) and provide a review of the relevant literature. DESIGN: Patient demographics, clinical presentations, investigations, management, complications, and outcomes were measured. METHODS: This was a retrospective, case-note analysis of 8 patients with SGS and a major review of the English-language literature. RESULTS: Eight new cases of spontaneous globe subluxation were identified with varying clinical manifestations and treatments. Literature review has shown less than 50 cases. Space-occupying lesions such as thyroid eye disease, shallow orbits, and floppy eyelids were major contributors to predisposition to SGS. CONCLUSIONS: Orbital congestion, shallow orbits, and floppy eyelids can all play a role in predisposing patients to SGS. Successful surgical management of SGS, when required, should be tailored to the individual patient profile for best results.