Development and validation study of Game Overuse Screening Questionnaire.

The aim of this study was to develop a screening questionnaire to distinguish high-risk individuals associated with game overuse from casual internet users. Reliability, validity, and diagnostic ability were evaluated for the newly developed Game Overuse Screening Questionnaire (GOS-Q). Preliminary items were assessed by 50 addiction experts online and 30 questions were selected. A total of 158 subjects recruited from six community centers for internet addiction participated in this study. Finally, 150 people were used in the analysis after excluding eight non-respondents. GOS-Q, Young's internet addiction scale, and Korean scale for internet addiction were used to assess concurrent validity. Internal consistency and item-total correlations were favorable (α= 0.96, r= 0.47-0.82). Test-retest reliability was moderate in size (r= 0.74). GOS-Q showed superior concurrent validity, and the highest correlation with Y-Scale (r= 0.77). The construct validity was marginally supported by a six-factor model using exploratory factor analysis. The area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve was 0.945. The high-risk addiction group was effectively characterized by a cut-off point of 38.5, with a sensitivity of 0.87 and a specificity of 0.88. Overall, the current study supports the use of GOS-Q as a reliable screening tool in a variety of settings.

Development and Validation Study of the Internet Overuse Screening Questionnaire.

OBJECTIVE: Concerns over behavioral and emotional problems caused by excessive internet usage have been developed. This study intended to develop and a standardize questionnaire that can efficiently identify at-risk internet users through their internet usage habits. METHODS: Participants (n=158) were recruited at six I-will-centers located in Seoul, South Korea. From the initial 36 questionnaire item pool, 28 preliminary items were selected through expert evaluation and panel discussions. The construct validity, internal consistency, and concurrent validity were examined. We also conducted Receiver Operating Curve (ROC) analysis to assess diagnostic ability of the Internet Overuse Screening-Questionnaire (IOS-Q). RESULTS: The exploratory factor analysis yielded a five factor structure. Four factors with 17 items remained after items that had unclear factor loading were removed. The Cronbach's alpha for the IOS-Q total score was 0.91, and test-retest reliability was 0.72. The correlation between Young's internet addiction scale and K-scale supported concurrent validity. ROC analysis showed that the IOS-Q has superior diagnostic ability with the Area Under the Curve of 0.87. At the cut-off point of 25.5, the sensitivity was 0.93 and specificity was 0.86. CONCLUSION: Overall, this study supports the use of IOS-Q for internet addiction research and for screening high-risk individuals.