Correction: Two stable variants of Burkholderia pseudomallei strain MSHR5848 express broadly divergent in vitro phenotypes associated with their virulence differences.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171363.].

Two stable variants of Burkholderia pseudomallei strain MSHR5848 express broadly divergent in vitro phenotypes associated with their virulence differences.

Burkholderia pseudomallei (Bp), the agent of melioidosis, causes disease ranging from acute and rapidly fatal to protracted and chronic. Bp is highly infectious by aerosol, can cause severe disease with nonspecific symptoms, and is naturally resistant to multiple antibiotics. However, no vaccine exists. Unlike many Bp strains, which exhibit random variability in traits such as colony morphology, Bp strain MSHR5848 exhibited two distinct and relatively stable colony morphologies on sheep blood agar plates: a smooth, glossy, pale yellow colony and a flat, rough, white colony. Passage of the two variants, designated "Smooth" and "Rough", under standard laboratory conditions produced cultures composed of > 99.9% of the single corresponding type; however, both could switch to the other type at different frequencies when incubated in certain nutritionally stringent or stressful growth conditions. These MSHR5848 derivatives were extensively characterized to identify variant-associated differences. Microscopic and colony morphology differences on six differential media were observed and only the Rough variant metabolized sugars in selective agar. Antimicrobial susceptibilities and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) features were characterized and phenotype microarray profiles revealed distinct metabolic and susceptibility disparities between the variants. Results using the phenotype microarray system narrowed the 1,920 substrates to a subset which differentiated the two variants. Smooth grew more rapidly in vitro than Rough, yet the latter exhibited a nearly 10-fold lower lethal dose for mice than Smooth. Finally, the Smooth variant was phagocytosed and replicated to a greater extent and was more cytotoxic than Rough in macrophages. In contrast, multiple locus sequence type (MLST) analysis, ribotyping, and whole genome sequence analysis demonstrated the variants' genetic conservation; only a single consistent genetic difference between the two was identified for further study. These distinct differences shown by two variants of a Bp strain will be leveraged to better understand the mechanism of Bp phenotypic variability and to possibly identify in vitro markers of infection.

Draft Genomes for Eight Burkholderia mallei Isolates from Turkey.

Burkholderia mallei, the etiologic agent of glanders, is a Gram-negative, nonmotile, facultative intracellular pathogen. Although glanders has been eradicated from many parts of the world, the threat of B. mallei being used as a weapon is very real. Here we present draft genome assemblies of 8 Burkholderia mallei strains that were isolated in Turkey.

Whole-Genome Yersinia sp. Assemblies from 10 Diverse Strains.

Yersinia spp. are animal pathogens, some of which cause human disease. We sequenced 10 Yersinia isolates (from six species: Yersinia enterocolitica, Y. fredericksenii, Y. kristensenii, Y. pestis, Y. pseudotuberculosis, and Y. ruckeri) to high-quality draft or complete status. The genomes range in size from 3.77 to 4.94 Mbp.

Draft Genome Assemblies of Proteus mirabilis ATCC 7002 and Proteus vulgaris ATCC 49132.

The pleomorphic swarming bacilli of the genus Proteus are common human gut commensal organisms but also the causative agents of recurrent urinary tract infections and bacteremia. We sequenced and assembled the 3.99-Mbp genome of Proteus mirabilis ATCC 7002 (accession no. JOVJ00000000) and the 3.97-Mbp genome of Proteus vulgaris ATCC 49132 (accession no. JPIX00000000), both of which are commonly used reference strains.

Complete Genome Sequence of Type Strain Pasteurella multocida subsp. multocida ATCC 43137.

Soft-tissue infection by Pasteurella multocida in humans is usually associated with a dog- or cat-related injury, and these infections can become aggressive. We sequenced the type strain P. multocida subsp. multocida ATCC 43137 into a single closed chromosome consisting of 2,271,840 bp (40.4% G+C content), which is currently available in the NCBI GenBank under the accession number CP008918.

Draft Genome Assemblies of Enterobacter aerogenes CDC 6003-71, Enterobacter cloacae CDC 442-68, and Pantoea agglomerans UA 0804-01.

The Enterobacteriaceae are environmental and enteric microbes. We sequenced the genomes of two Enterobacter reference strains, E. aerogenes CDC 6003-71 and E. cloacae CDC 442-68, as well as one near neighbor used as an exclusionary reference for diagnostics, Pantoea agglomerans CDC UA0804-01. The genome sizes range from 4.72 to 5.55 Mbp and have G+C contents from 54.6 to 55.1%.

Complete Genome Assembly of Corynebacterium sp. Strain ATCC 6931.

The genus Corynebacterium is best known for the pathogen C. diphtheriae; however, it contains mostly commensal and nonpathogenic, as well as several opportunistic, pathogens. Here, we present the 2.47-Mb scaffolded assembly of the type strain, Corynebacterium sp. ATCC 6931 (NCTC 1914), as deposited into GenBank under accession number CP008913.

Full-Genome Assembly of Reference Strain Providencia stuartii ATCC 33672.

A member of the normal human gut microflora, Providencia stuartii is of clinical interest due to its role in nosocomial infections of the urinary tract and because it readily acquires antibiotic resistance. Here, we present the complete genome of P. stuartii strain ATCC 33672, consisting of a 4.28-Mbp chromosome and a 48.9-kbp plasmid.

Complete Genome Sequence of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica Serovar Enteritidis Strain SEJ.

Salmonella enterica constitutes a group of enteric pathogens with a broad host range, including humans, reptiles, and birds. S. enterica subsp. enterica is a common cause of inflammatory diarrhea in humans. We present the draft genome of S. enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis strain SEJ, including a 59-kbp plasmid.

Twenty Whole-Genome Bacillus sp. Assemblies.

Bacilli are genetically and physiologically diverse, ranging from innocuous to highly pathogenic. Here, we present annotated genome assemblies for 20 strains belonging to Bacillus anthracis, B. atrophaeus, B. cereus, B. licheniformis, B. macerans, B. megaterium, B. mycoides, and B. subtilis.

Draft Genome Assembly of Klebsiella pneumoniae Type Strain ATCC 13883.

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a common cause of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections in immunocompromised individuals. Here, we present the 5.54-Mb scaffolded assembly of the type strain K. pneumoniae type strain ATCC 13883, as deposited in GenBank under accession no. JOOW00000000.

Whole-genome sequences of nine francisella isolates.

Primarily a zoonotic disease, Francisella tularensis is a fastidious intracellular pathogen and is listed as a CDC category A pathogen with notably high pathogenicity. Here we present the scaffolded genome assemblies of nine Francisella strains: eight F. tularensis and one F. philomiragia.

Draft Genome Assembly of Neisseria lactamica Type Strain A7515.

We present the scaffolded genome assembly of Neisseria lactamica type strain A7515 (ATCC 23970) as submitted to NCBI under accession no. JOVI00000000. This type strain of the lactose-fermenting Neisseria species is often used in quality control testing and intra-genus phylogenetic analyses. The assembly includes four contigs placed into a single scaffold.

Complete Genome Assembly of Reference Strain Ochrobactrum anthropi ATCC 49687.

Ochrobactrum anthropi is an occasional cause of nosocomial infections; however, interest in the organism lies in its phylogenetic proximity to the genus Brucella. Here, we present the 4.9-Mb finished genome of Ochrobactrum anthropi ATCC 49687, most commonly used as an exclusionary reference organism.

Complete Genome Assembly of Enterococcus faecalis 29212, a Laboratory Reference Strain.

Enterococcus faecalis is a nonmotile Gram-positive coccus, found both as a commensal organism in healthy humans and animals and as a causative agent of multiple diseases, in particular endocarditis. We sequenced the genome of E. faecalis ATCC 29212, a commonly used reference strain in laboratory studies, to complete "finished" annotated assembly (3 Mb).

Whole-Genome Sequence of Listeria monocytogenes Type Strain 53 XXIII.

Listeria monocytogenes causes the food-borne illness listeriosis that primarily infects "vulnerable" groups (e.g., elderly adults, pregnant women, very young children, and the immunocompromised). We sequenced the genome of L. monocytogenes XXIII (ATCC 15313) and assembled it into a single scaffold (three contigs) and deposited the annotated assembly into GenBank as accession no. JOOX00000000.

Whole-genome sequences of 24 Brucella strains.

Brucella species are intracellular zoonotic pathogens which cause, among other pathologies, increased rates of abortion in ruminants. Human infections are generally associated with exposure to contaminated and unpasteurized dairy products; however Brucellae have been developed as bioweapons. Here we present 17 complete and 7 scaffolded genome assemblies of Brucella strains.

Draft Genome Assembly of Bordetella bronchiseptica ATCC 10580, a Historical Canine Clinical Isolate.

We present the scaffolded genome of Bordetella bronchiseptica ATCC 10580, assembled into 98 contigs. This 5.1-Mb assembly (68.2% G+C content) contains 4,870 coding regions. The strain was originally isolated from canine lung tissue and is used in quality control testing.

Draft Genome Assembly of Delftia acidovorans Type Strain 2167.

The Delftia acidovorans 2167 (ATCC 15668, Delftia type strain) genome was sequenced into a 6-contig scaffolded assembly of 6.78-Mb. This environmental microbe, previously named to both the Comamonas and Pseudomonas genera, is an opportunistic pathogen and often the subject of phylogenetic placement debates.