Streamflow seasonality in a snow-dwindling world.

Climate warming induces shifts from snow to rain in cold regions1, altering snowpack dynamics with consequent impacts on streamflow that raise challenges to many aspects of ecosystem services2-4. A straightforward conceptual model states that as the fraction of precipitation falling as snow (snowfall fraction) declines, less solid water is stored over the winter and both snowmelt and streamflow shift earlier in season. Yet the responses of streamflow patterns to shifts in snowfall fraction remain uncertain5-9. Here we show that as snowfall fraction declines, the timing of the centre of streamflow mass may be advanced or delayed. Our results, based on analysis of 1950-2020 streamflow measurements across 3,049 snow-affected catchments over the Northern Hemisphere, show that mean snowfall fraction modulates the seasonal response to reductions in snowfall fraction. Specifically, temporal changes in streamflow timing with declining snowfall fraction reveal a gradient from earlier streamflow in snow-rich catchments to delayed streamflow in less snowy catchments. Furthermore, interannual variability of streamflow timing and seasonal variation increase as snowfall fraction decreases across both space and time. Our findings revise the 'less snow equals earlier streamflow' heuristic and instead point towards a complex evolution of seasonal streamflow regimes in a snow-dwindling world.

Light-Initiated Imprinted Membrane-Based Biomimetic SERS Sensor toward Selective Detection of Trace MC-LR.

Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) is a severe threat to human and animal health; thus, monitoring it in the environment is essential, especially in water quality protections. Herein, in this work, we synthesize PVDF/CNT/Ag molecular imprinted membranes (PCA-MIMs) via an innovative combination of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) detection, membrane separation, and molecular-imprinted technique toward the analysis of MC-LR in water. In particular, a light-initiated imprint is employed to protect the chemical structure of the MC-LR molecules. Furthermore, in order to ensure the detection sensitivity, the SERS substrates are combined with the membrane via the assistance of magnetism. The effect of synthesis conditions on the SERS sensitivity was investigated in detail. It is demonstrated from the characteristic results that the PCA-MIMs present high sensitivity to the MC-LR molecules with excellent selectivity against the interfere molecules. Results clearly show that the as-prepared PCA-MIMs hold great potential applications to detect trace MC-LR for the protection of water quality.

In Vivo Imaging MicroRNA with Bright Fluorescent RNA Aptamer Through Target-Mediated Entropy-Driven Toehold Exchange.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play vital roles in biological activities, but their in vivo imaging is still challenging due to the low abundance and the lack of efficient fluorescent tools. RNA aptamers with high affinity and low background emerge for bioimaging yet suffering from low brightness. We introduce a rational design based on target-mediated entropy-driven toehold exchange (EDTE) to induce the release of RNA aptamer and subsequently light up corresponding fluorophore, which achieves selective imaging of miRNAs with good stability in both living cells and tumor-bearing mouse. Through tailoring recognition unit of the EDTE probes, highly sensitive imaging of different miRNAs including miRNA-125b and miRNA-21 is achieved, confirming its universal bioimaging applications. In comparison with the reported "one-to-one" model, the EDTE strategy shows a remarkable 4.6-time improvement in signal/noise ratio for intracellular imaging of the same miRNA. Particularly, it realizes sensitive imaging of miRNA in vivo, providing a promising tool in investigating functions and interactions of disease-associated miRNAs.

Advances of Zn Metal-Free "Rocking-Chair"-Type Zinc Ion Batteries: Recent Developments and Future Perspectives.

Aqueous zinc ion battery (AZIBs) has attracted the attention of many researchers because of its safety, economy, environmental protection, and high ionic conductivity of electrolytes. However, the battery greatly suffers from zinc dendrite produced by zinc metal anode leading to poor cycle life and even unsafe problems, which limit its further development for various important applications. It is known that the success of the commercialization of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is mainly due to replacement of lithium metal anode with graphite, which avoids the formation of Li dendrite. Therefore, it is an important step to develop aqueous zinc ion anode to replace conventional zinc metal one with zinc-metal free anode material. In this review, the working principle and development prospect of "rocking-chair" AZIBs are introduced. The research progress of different types of zinc metal-free anode materials and cathode materials in "rocking-chair" AZIBs is reviewed. Finally, the limitations and challenges of the Zn metal-free "rocking-chair" AZIBs as well as solutions are deeply discussed, aiming to provide new strategies for the development of advanced zinc-ion batteries.

Rice Origin Tracing Technology Based on Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Stoichiometry.

The origin of agricultural products is crucial to their quality and safety. This study explored the differences in chemical composition and structure of rice from different origins using fluorescence detection technology. These differences are mainly affected by climate, environment, geology and other factors. By identifying the fluorescence characteristic absorption peaks of the same rice seed varieties from different origins, and comparing them with known or standard samples, this study aims to authenticate rice, protect brands, and achieve traceability. The study selected the same variety of rice seed planted in different regions of Jilin Province in the same year as samples. Fluorescence spectroscopy was used to collect spectral data, which was preprocessed by normalization, smoothing, and wavelet transformation to remove noise, scattering, and burrs. The processed spectral data was used as input for the long short-term memory (LSTM) model. The study focused on the processing and analysis of rice spectra based on NZ-WT-processed data. To simplify the model, uninformative variable elimination (UVE) and successive projections algorithm (SPA) were used to screen the best wavelengths. These wavelengths were used as input for the support vector machine (SVM) prediction model to achieve efficient and accurate predictions. Within the fluorescence spectral range of 475-525 nm and 665-690 nm, absorption peaks of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADPH), riboflavin (B2), starch, and protein were observed. The origin tracing prediction model established using SVM exhibited stable performance with a classification accuracy of up to 99.5%.The experiment demonstrated that fluorescence spectroscopy technology has high discrimination accuracy in tracing the origin of rice, providing a new method for rapid identification of rice origin.

TRIM34 modulates influenza virus-activated programmed cell death by targeting Z-DNA-binding protein 1 for K63-linked polyubiquitination.

Z-DNA-binding protein 1 (ZBP1) is an innate sensor of influenza A virus (IAV) that participates in IAV-induced programmed cell death. Nevertheless, little is known about the upstream signaling pathways regulating ZBP1. We found that a member of the tripartite motif (TRIM) family, TRIM34, interacted with ZBP1 to promote its K63-linked polyubiquitination. Using a series of genetic approaches, we provide in vitro and in vivo evidence indicating that IAV triggered cell death and inflammatory responses via dependent on TRIM34/ZBP1 interaction. TRIM34 and ZBP1 expression and interaction protected mice from death during IAV infection owing to reduced inflammatory responses and epithelial damage. Additionally, analysis of clinical samples revealed that TRIM34 associates with ZBP1 and mediates ZBP1 polyubiquitination in vivo. Higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines correlated with higher levels of ZBP1 in IAV-infected patients. Taken together, we conclude that TRIM34 serves as a critical regulator of IAV-induced programmed cell death by mediating the K63-linked polyubiquitination of ZBP1.

Boosting Photo-Electro-Fenton Process Via Atomically Dispersed Iron Sites on Graphdiyne for InVitro Hydrogen Peroxide Detection.

Hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) is essential in oxidative stress and signal regulation of organs of animal body. Realizing in vitro quantification of H2 O2 released from organs is significant, but faces challenges due to short lifetime of H2 O2 and complex bio-environment. Herein, rationally designed and constructed a photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensor for in vitro sensing of H2 O2 , in which atomically dispersed iron active sites (Hemin) modified graphdiyne (Fe-GDY) serves as photoelectrode and catalyzes photo-electro-Fenton process. Sensitivity of Fe-GDY electrode is enhanced 8 times under illumination compared with dark condition. The PEC H2 O2 sensor under illumination delivers a wide linear range from 0.1 to 48 160 µm and a low detection limit of 33 nm, while demonstrating excellent selectivity and stability. The high performance of Fe-GDY is attributed to, first, energy levels matching of GDY and Hemin that effectively promotes the injection of photo-generated electrons from GDY to Fe3+ for reduced Fe2+ , which facilitates the Fe3+ /Fe2+ cycle. Second, the Fe2+ actively catalyzes H2 O2 to OH- through the Fenton process, thereby improving the sensitivity. The PEC sensor demonstrates in vitro quantification of H2 O2 released from different organs, providing a promising approach for molecular sensing and disease diagnosis in organ levels.

Activating transcription factor 4 regulates angiogenesis under lipid overload via methionine adenosyltransferase 2A-mediated endothelial epigenetic alteration.

Lipid overload is intimately connected with the change of endothelial epigenetic status which impacts cellular signaling activities and endothelial function. Activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) is involved in the regulation of lipid metabolism and meanwhile an epigenetic modifier. However, the role of ATF4 in the angiogenesis under lipid overload is not well understood. Here, to induce lipid overload status, we employed high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mouse model in vivo and palmitic acid (PA) to stimulate endothelial cells in vitro. Compared with mice fed with normal chow diet (NCD), HFD-induced obese mice showed angiogenic defects evidenced by decline in (1) blood flow recovery after hind limb ischemia, (2) wound healing speed after skin injury, (3) capillary density in injured tissues and matrigel plugs, and (4) endothelial sprouts of aortic ring. ATF4 deficiency aggravated above angiogenic defects in mice while ATF4 overexpression improved the blunted angiogenic response. Mechanistically, lipid overload lowered the H3K4 methylation levels at the regulatory regions of NOS3 and ERK1 genes, leading to reduced angiogenic signaling activity. Methionine adenosyltransferase 2A (MAT2A) is identified as a target of ATF4 and formed complex with ATF4 to direct lysine methyltransferase 2A (MLL1) to the regulatory regions of both genes for the maintenance of the H3K4 methylation level and angiogenic signaling activity. Here, we uncovered a novel metabolic-epigenetic coupling orchestrated by the ATF4-MAT2A axis for angiogenesis. The ATF4-MAT2A axis links lipid overload milieu to altered epigenetic status of relevant angiogenic signaling in endothelial cells, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for angiogenesis impaired by lipid overload.

Co3O4 Nanoparticles Uniformly Dispersed in Rational Porous Carbon Nano-Boxes for Significantly Enhanced Electrocatalytic Detection of H2O2 Released from Living Cells.

A facile and ingenious method to chemical etching-coordinating a metal-organic framework (MOF) followed by an annealing treatment was proposed to prepare Co3O4 nanoparticles uniformly dispersed in rational porous carbon nano-boxes (Co3O4@CNBs), which was further used to detect H2O2 released from living cells. The Co3O4@CNBs H2O2 sensor delivers much higher sensitivity than non-etching/coordinating Co3O4, offering a limit of detection of 2.32 nM. The wide working range covers 10 nM-359 µM H2O2, while possessing good selectivity and excellent reproducibility. Moreover, this biosensor was used to successfully real-time detect H2O2 released from living cells, including both healthy and tumor cells. The excellent performance holds great promise for Co3O4@CNBs's applications in electrochemical biomimetic sensing, particularly real-time monitor H2O2 released from living cells.

The Application of Carbon Nanomaterials in Sensing, Imaging, Drug Delivery and Therapy for Gynecologic Cancers: An Overview.

Gynecologic cancers are one of the main health concerns of women throughout the world, and the early diagnosis and effective therapy of gynecologic cancers will be particularly important for the survival of female patients. As a current hotspot, carbon nanomaterials have attracted tremendous interest in tumor theranostics, and their application in gynecologic cancers has also been developed rapidly with great achievements in recent years. This Overview Article summarizes the latest progress in the application of diverse carbon nanomaterials (e.g., graphenes, carbon nanotubes, mesoporous carbon, carbon dots, etc.) and their derivatives in the sensing, imaging, drug delivery, and therapy of different gynecologic cancers. Important research contributions are highlighted in terms of the relationships among the fabrication strategies, architectural features, and action mechanisms for the diagnosis and therapy of gynecologic cancers. The current challenges and future strategies are discussed from the viewpoint of the real clinical application of carbon-based nanomedicines in gynecologic cancers. It is anticipated that this review will attract more attention toward the development and application of carbon nanomaterials for the theranostics of gynecologic cancers.

MARCH5 restores endothelial cell function against ischaemic/hypoxia injury via Akt/eNOS pathway.

MARCH5 is a critical regulator of mitochondrial dynamics, apoptosis and mitophagy. However, its role in cardiovascular system remains poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the role of MARCH5 in endothelial cell (ECs) injury and the involvement of the Akt/eNOS signalling pathway in this process. Rat models of myocardial infarction (MI) and human cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (HCMECs) exposed to hypoxia (1% O2 ) were used in this study. MARCH5 expression was significantly reduced in ECs of MI hearts and ECs exposed to hypoxia. Hypoxia inhibited the proliferation, migration and tube formation of ECs, and these effects were aggravated by knockdown of MARCH5 but antagonized by overexpressed MARCH5. Overexpression of MARCH5 increased nitric oxide (NO) content, p-eNOS and p-Akt, while MARCH5 knockdown exerted the opposite effects. The protective effects mediated by MARCH5 overexpression on ECs could be inhibited by eNOS inhibitor L-NAME and Akt inhibitor LY294002. In conclusion, these results indicated that MARCH5 acts as a protective factor in ischaemia/hypoxia-induced ECs injury partially through Akt/eNOS pathway.

Effects of heavy metals on bacterial community structures in two lead-zinc tailings situated in northwestern China.

We evaluated the variations of bacterial communities in six heavy metal contaminated soils sampled from Yanzi Bian (YZB) and Shanping Cun (SPC) tailings located in northwestern China. Statistical analysis showed that both the heavy metals and soil chemical properties could affect the structure and diversity of the bacterial communities in the tailing soils. Cd, Cu, Zn, Cr, Pb, pH, SOM (soil organic matters), TP (total phosphorus) and TN (total nitrogen) were the main driving factors of the bacterial community variations. As a consequence, the relative abundances of certain bacterial phyla including Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, Nitrospirota and Bacteroidota were significantly increased in the tailing soils. Further, we found that the abundance increasement of these phyla were mainly contributed by certain species, such as s__unclassified_g__Thiobacillus (Proteobacteria), s__unclassified_g__Sulfobacillus (Firmicutes) and Leptospirillum ferriphilum (Nitrospirota). Thus, these species were considered to be strongly heavy metal tolerant. Together, our findings will provide a useful insight for further bioremediations of these contaminated areas.

Differences in metabolic profiles between bicuspid and tricuspid aortic stenosis in the setting of transcatheter aortic valve replacement.

BACKGROUND: To explore why bicuspid aortic stenosis has certain clinical differences from the tricuspid morphology, we evaluated the metabolomics profile involved in bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) aortic stenosis prior to and after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in comparison with tricuspid aortic valve (TAV). METHODS: In this TAVR cohort with prospectively collected data, blood samples were obtained before TAVR valve deployment and at the 7th day after TAVR, which were then sent for liquid and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry detection. Besides comparisons between BAV and TAV, BAV patients were also divided in subgroups according to baseline hemodynamics (i.e. maximal transaortic velocity, Vmax) and post-procedural reverse left ventricular (LV) remodeling (i.e. the change in LV mass index from baseline, ∆LVMI) for further analysis. Metabolic differences between groups were identified by integrating univariate test, multivariate analysis and weighted correlation network analysis algorithm. RESULTS: A total of 57 patients were enrolled including 33 BAV patients. The BAV group showed lower arginine and proline metabolism both before and post TAVR than TAV represented by decreased expression of L-Glutamine. In BAV subgroup analysis, patients with baseline Vmax > 5 m/s (n = 11) or the 4th quartile of change in ∆LVMI at one-year follow-up (i.e. poorly-recovered LV, n = 8) showed elevated arachidonic acid metabolism compared with Vmax < 4.5 m/s (n = 12) or the 1st quartile of ∆LVMI (i.e. well-recovered LV, n = 8) respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Difference in arginine and proline metabolism was identified between BAV and TAV in TAVR recipients. Elevated arachidonic acid metabolism may reflect more severe baseline hemodynamics and worse LV reserve remodeling after TAVR in BAV.

Pelagivirga dicentrarchi sp. nov., a member of the family Rhodobacteraceae isolated from the gut microflora of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.).

A Gram-stain negative, aerobic, non-flagellated, non-gliding, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain YLY04T, was isolated from the gut microflora of a sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) collected from the coast of Yuanyao Wharf, Weihai, China. Growth was found to occur at pH 6.0-9.0 (optimum, 7.0-8.0), 4-37 °C (optimum, 28-30 °C) in the presence of 0-11.0% (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 3.0-4.0%). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain YLY04T is closely related to Pelagivirga sediminicola BH-SD19T and Roseovarius antarcticus M-S13-148T. Strain YLY04T contains ubiquinone-10 as the sole respiratory quinone and summed feature 8 (C18:1ω7c and/or C18:1ω6c), cyclo-C19:0ω8c, C16:0 and 11-methyl-C18:1ω7c as the major fatty acids. The polar lipids of strain YLY04T were found to consist of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, an unidentified aminolipid, an unidentified phospholipid and three unidentified lipids. The DNA G+C content was determined to be 62.7 mol%. The phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic properties, and genome analysis, indicated that strain YLY04T represents a novel species within the genus Pelagivirga, for which the name Pelagivirga dicentrarchi sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YLY04T (= MCCC 1H00334T = KCTC 62452T).

Semantic Segmentation of a Printed Circuit Board for Component Recognition Based on Depth Images.

Locating and identifying the components mounted on a printed circuit board (PCB) based on machine vision is an important and challenging problem for automated PCB inspection and automated PCB recycling. In this paper, we propose a PCB semantic segmentation method based on depth images that segments and recognizes components in the PCB through pixel classification. The image training set for the PCB was automatically synthesized with graphic rendering. Based on a series of concentric circles centered at the given depth pixel, we extracted the depth difference features from the depth images in the training set to train a random forest pixel classifier. By using the constructed random forest pixel classifier, we performed semantic segmentation for the PCB to segment and recognize components in the PCB through pixel classification. Experiments on both synthetic and real test sets were conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The experimental results demonstrate that our method can segment and recognize most of the components from a real depth image of the PCB. Our method is immune to illumination changes and can be implemented in parallel on a GPU.

Ameliorated Mechanical and Dielectric Properties of Heat-Resistant Radome Cyanate Composites.

In order to improve the mechanical and dielectric properties of radome cyanate, a synergistic reinforcement method is employed to develop a resin-based ternary-composite with high heat-resistance and preferable radar-band transmission, which is expected to be applied to fabricate radomes capable of resisting high temperature and strong electric field. According to copolymerization characteristics and self-curing mechanism, epoxy resin (EP) and bismaleimide (BMI) are employed as reinforcements mixed into a cyanate ester (CE) matrix to prepare CE/BMI/EP composites of a heat-resistant radome material by high-temperature viscous-flow blending methods under the catalysis of aluminum acetylpyruvate. The crystallization temperature, transition heat, and reaction rate of cured polymers were tested to analyze heat-resistance characteristics and evaluate material synthesis processes. Scanning electron microscopy was used to characterize the micro-morphology of tensile fracture, which was combined with the tensile strength test and dynamic thermomechanical analysis to investigate the composite modifications on tenacity and rigidity. Weibull statistics were performed to analyze the experimental results of the dielectric breakdown field, and the dielectric-polarization and wave-transmission performances were investigated according to alternative current dielectric spectra. Compared with the pure CE and the CE composites individually reinforced by EP or BMI, the CE/BMI/EP composite acquires the most significant amelioration in both the mechanical and electrical insulation performances as indicated by the breaking elongation and dielectric breakdown strength being simultaneously improved by 40%, which are consistently manifested by the obviously increased transverse lines uniformly distributed on the fracture cross-section. Furthermore, the glass-transition temperature of CE/BMI/EP composite reaches the highest values of nearly 300 °C, with the relative dielectric constant and dielectric loss being mostly reduced to less than 3.2 and 0.01, respectively. The experimental results demonstrate that the CE/BMI/EP composite is a highly-qualified wave-transmission material with preferences in mechanical, thermostability, and electrical insulation performances, suggesting its prospective applications in low-frequency transmittance radomes.

The bifunctional SDF-1-AnxA5 fusion protein protects cardiac function after myocardial infarction.

Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) is a well-characterized cytokine that protects heart from ischaemic injury. However, the beneficial effects of native SDF-1, in terms of promoting myocardial repair, are limited by its low concentration in the ischaemic myocardium. Annexin V (AnxA5) can precisely detect dead cells in vivo. As massive cardiomyocytes die after MI, we hypothesize that AnxA5 can be used as an anchor to carry SDF-1 to the ischaemic myocardium. In this study, we constructed a fusion protein consisting of SDF-1 and AnxA5 domains. The receptor competition assay revealed that SDF-1-AnxA5 had high binding affinity to SDF-1 receptor CXCR4. The treatment of SDF-1-AnxA5 could significantly promote phosphorylation of AKT and ERK and induce chemotactic response, angiogenesis and cell survival in vitro. The binding membrane assay and immunofluorescence revealed that AnxA5 domain had the ability to specifically recognize and bind to cells injured by hypoxia. Furthermore, SDF-1-AnxA5 administered via peripheral vein could accumulate at the infarcted myocardium in vivo. The treatment with SDF-1-AnxA5 attenuated cell apoptosis, enhanced angiogenesis, reduced infarcted size and improved cardiac function after mouse myocardial infarction. Our results suggest that the bifunctional SDF-1-AnxA5 can specifically bind to dead cells. The systemic administration of bifunctional SDF-1-AnxA5 effectively provides cardioprotection after myocardial infarction.

Lujinxingia litoralis gen. nov., sp. nov. and Lujinxingia sediminis sp. nov., two new representatives in the order Bradymonadales.

In this study, two bacterial strains designated B210T and SEH01T, isolated from coastal sediment sampled in Weihai, PR China, were characterized using a polyphasic approach. Strains were Gram-stain-negative, facultative anaerobic, rod-shaped and motile. According to the results of phylogenetic analyses based on their 16S rRNA genes, these two strains should be classified under the order Bradymonadales and they both show <90 % sequence similarities with Bradymonas sediminis FA350T. Moreover, strain B210T showed 98.6 % sequence similarity to strain SEH01T. Genomic characteristics including average nucleotide identity and in silico DNA-DNA hybridization values clearly separated strain B210T from strain SEH01T. The sole quinone of these two strains was menaquinone MK-7, and the major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and an unidentified lipid. Iso-C15 : 0 was the major fatty acid in both strains B210T and SEH01T, and iso-C14 : 0 3-OH was also a major fatty acid for strain SEH01T. Based on the polyphasic analysis, these two strains represent two novel species of a new genus within the family Bradymonadaceae. Consequently, the novel genus Lujinxingia gen. nov. is proposed, containing two new species Lujinxingia litoralis gen. nov. sp. nov. and Lujinxingia sediminis sp. nov., with strain B210T (=KCTC 42951T=CGMCC 1.16770T) and strain SEH01T (=KCTC 42950T=DSM 101859T) as the type strains, respectively.

Deinococcus arcticus sp. nov., isolated from Silene acaulis rhizosphere soil of the Arctic tundra.

A Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, aerobic, short rod-shaped bacterium, designated OD32T, was isolated from a soil sample taken from the rhizosphere of Silene acaulis collected from the Arctic tundra. The novel strain, OD32T, was able to grow at 15-37 °C (optimum, 33 °C), pH 6.5-9.5 (pH 7.5-8.0) and 0-0.5 % NaCl (0 %, w/v). A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain OD32T was most closely related to the genus Deinococcus; it shared the highest sequence similarity (95.7 %) with Deinococcus grandis ATCC 43672T. Genomic DNA G+C content of the strain OD32T was 68.2 mol%. The predominant respiratory quinone was menaquinone 8 (MK-8). The major fatty acids were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω7c/C16 : 1 ω6c), C15 : 1 ω6c, C17 : 1 ω6c, C17 : 0, C16 : 0 and iso-C17 : 0. Based on phylogenetic inference and genotypic characteristics, strain OD32T represents a novel species of the genus Deinococcus, for which the name Deinococcus arcticus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is OD32T (=KCTC 33972T=CICC 24671T).

Vibrio albus sp. nov., isolated from marine sediment.

A Gram-stain-negative, facultative anaerobic, motile, slightly bent rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain E4404T, was isolated from coastal sediment sampled Weihai, China. According to phylogenetic analysis based on its 16S rRNA gene sequence, strain E4404T shared the highest similarity with the type strain of Vibriovariabilis (97.0 %), followed by the type strains of Vibriomaritimus (96.1 %) and Vibrioeuropaeus (96.0 %). Multilocus sequence analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene and eight housekeeping genes (ftsZ, gapA, gyrB, mreB, pyrH, recA, rpoA and topA) showed that strain E4404T formed a unique clade in the genus Vibrio. The average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain E4404T and some other species in the genus Vibrio were 71.0-72.7 % and 20.4-22.4 %, respectively. Cells grew at 15-37 °C and pH 6.0-8.5 in the presence of 1.0-6.0 % (w/v) NaCl, with optimal growth at 33 °C and pH 7.0-7.5 in the presence of 3.0-3.5 % (w/v) NaCl. No growth was observed on thiosulfate citrate bile salts sucrose medium. The major fatty acids of strain E4404T were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH), C16 : 0 and summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω6c and/or C18 : 1ω7c). The genomic DNA G+C content of strain E4404T was 46.1 mol%. Based on the phylogenetic, genotypic, phenotypic, biochemical and chemotaxonomic characteristics, strain E4404T represented a novel species of the genus Vibrio, for which the name Vibrioalbus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is E4404T (=MCCC 1H00197T=KCTC 52890T).