Combining high-speed countercurrent chromatography three-phase solvent system with electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance to profile the unconventional food plant Syzygium malaccense.

Syzygium malaccense (L.) Merr. & L.M. Perry is a native tree to Malaysia, but also occurs in other tropical regions of the world, including Brazil. The increasing interest in the consumption of its leaves motivated the investigation of compounds of the plant. Metabolite profiling of S. malaccense leaves was achieved by high-speed countercurrent chromatography (HSCCC) fractionation coupled off-line to electrospray mass-spectrometry (ESI-MS) detection and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis. The ethanolic leaf extract was submitted to HSCCC using a three-phase solvent system (TPSS) composed by n-hexane - ethyl acetate - acetonitrile - H2O (2:1:1:1, v/v). The stepwise gradient elution was employed due to the extract's chemical complexity. HSCCC fractions were further analyzed by ESI-MS/MS using a flow injection experiment and by NMR acquiring 1H, HSQC and HMBC spectra. MS based dereplication was achieved by comparing acquired data to those available in public and commercial databases. Results were also correlated to previously isolated compounds described for the Syzygium genus. This process led to the annotation of 90 compounds. The NMR data provided structural confirmation and substitution patterns for some of them. Extract chemical composition is characterized by having flavonoids, benzoic acids, hydroxycinnamic acids, quinic acids, hydrolizable tannins, fatty acids, anacardic acids and others primary metabolites. Most of these compounds were described for the first time in the plant. This approach greatly facilitates phytochemical analysis and could be applied to improve metabolite discovery in other studies.

[Non-invasive measurement of pressure ulcer simulated in plain model]. / Aferição não-invasiva de úlcera por pressão simulada em modelo plano.

That is an quasi-experimental study that aims to improve and make portable an existing method for projecting light points to estimate geometrical properties of a cavity. A computer vision system was developed in order to process input images and calculate volume and depth of a cavity in a plain surface. An error of 1,51% for depth and -10,42% for volume occurred. So this is an adequate method for estimating geometrical properties of cavities with accuracy errors compatible with those errors described in the literature.

Aferição não-invasiva de úlcera por pressão simulada em modelo plano / Evaluación no invasiva de úlcera por presión simulada en modelo llano / Non-invasive measurement of pressure ulcer simulated in plain model

Estudo quase-experimental, com o qual objetivou aperfeiçoar o sistema de projeção dos pontos luminosos de um método já existente, tornando-o portátil, e verificar a acurácia desse novo sistema. O estudo foi realizado por meio do desenvolvimento de um sistema de fotografia digitalizada e processada pela visão computacional em um modelo de superfície plana. Os resultados mostraram erro de 1,51 por cento para a profundidade e de -10,42 por cento para o volume, concluindo ser um método adequado para aferição de profundidade e volume com erros de acurácia compatíveis com os descritos na literatura.

That is an quasi-experimental study that aims to improve and make portable an existing method for projecting light points to estimate geometrical properties of a cavity. A computer vision system was developed in order to process input images and calculate volume and depth of a cavity in a plain surface. An error of 1,51 percent for depth and -10,42 percent for volume occurred. So this is an adequate method for estimating geometrical properties of cavities with accuracy errors compatible with those errors described in the literature.

Estudio casi-Aferição não-invasiva de úlcera por pressão simulada em modelo planoexperimental, con el objetivo de perfeccionar el sistema de proyección de los puntos luminosos de un método ya existente, volviéndolo portátil, y verificar la acuracia de ese nuevo sistema. El estúdio realizado a través del desarrollo de um sistema de fotografia digitalizada y procesada por la visión computacional en un modelo de superfície llana. Los resultados mostraron um error de 1,51 por ciento para la profundidad y de -10,42 por ciento para el volumen, concluyendo ser método adecuado para la evaluación de los descriptos em la literatura.