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1.
Phys Rev Lett ; 118(1): 012501, 2017 Jan 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28106417

RESUMO

High-resolution experiments have recently lead to a complete identification (energy, spin, and parity) of 151 nuclear levels up to an excitation energy of E_{x}=6.20 MeV in ^{208}Pb [Heusler et al., Phys. Rev. C 93, 054321 (2016)PRVCAN2469-998510.1103/PhysRevC.93.054321]. We present a thorough study of the fluctuation properties in the energy spectra of the unprecedented set of nuclear bound states. In a first approach, we group states with the same spin and parity into 14 subspectra, analyze standard statistical measures for short- and long-range correlations, i.e., the nearest-neighbor spacing distribution, the number variance Σ^{2}, the Dyson-Mehta Δ_{3} statistics, and the novel distribution of the ratios of consecutive spacings of adjacent energy levels in each energy sequence, and then compute their ensemble average. Their comparison with a random matrix ensemble which interpolates between Poisson statistics expected for regular systems and the Gaussian orthogonal ensemble (GOE) predicted for chaotic systems shows that the data are well described by the GOE. In a second approach, following an idea of Rosenzweig and Porter [Phys. Rev. 120, 1698 (1960)PHRVAO0031-899X10.1103/PhysRev.120.1698], we consider the complete spectrum composed of the independent subspectra. We analyze their fluctuation properties using the method of Bayesian inference involving a quantitative measure, called the chaoticity parameter f, which also interpolates between Poisson (f=0) and GOE statistics (f=1). It turns out to be f≈0.9. This is so far the closest agreement with a GOE observed in the spectra of bound states in a nucleus. The same analysis is also performed with spectra computed on the basis of shell model calculations with different interactions (surface-delta interaction, Kuo-Brown, Michigan-three-Yukawa). While the simple surface-delta interaction exhibits features typical for nuclear many-body systems with regular dynamics, the other, more realistic interactions yield chaoticity parameters f close to the experimental values.

2.
Unfallchirurg ; 120(12): 1054-1064, 2017 Dec.
Artigo em Alemão | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27770169

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: In unstable trochanteric fractures, the extramedullary rotationally stable screw-anchor (RoSA) combines the benefits of the load and rotational stability of the blade with the advantages of the screw (pull-out resistance, compression capability) in a single load carrier, and was designed to prevent femoral neck shortening by using an additional locked trochanteric stabilizing plate (TSP). OBJECTIVES: The aim of the current prospective cohort study was the clinical evaluation of the RoSA/TSP system regarding the mechanical re-operation rate and the amount of postoperative femoral neck shortening. METHODS: From September 2011 to January 2014 80 patients with unstable trochanteric fractures underwent internal extramedullary fixation with the RoSA/TSP (Königsee Implantate GmbH, Allendorf, Germany). Due to fracture stability and after induction of compression, additional long locked antitelescoping screws (AT, n = 1-4) were placed reaching the femoral head. Radiological (femoral neck shortening) and clinical re-examination of patients (n = 61) was performed 6-10 weeks and 6-10 months later. RESULTS: In the 61 re-examined patients (76 %) femoral neck shortening was very low with 2 mm 6-10 months after operation. Re-operations occurred in 8 % (n = 6) and in 4 % (n = 3) as prophylactic surgical intervention. Whereas one-third (4 %) of re-operations occurred due to iatrogenic surgical problems from the first operation two-thirds of patients (8 %) had a re-operation due to delay of bone union (3× nonunion, 3 planned removals of AT-screws to improve healing). The in-hospital mortality was 3 % (n = 2). CONCLUSIONS: The fixation of unstable trochanteric femur fractures using the RoSA/TSP in a first clinical setting led to a great primary stability, with significant advantages with regard to limited femoral neck shortening. However, the rigidity of the construct with its consequences regarding bone healing can be challenging for the surgeon. Nevertheless, in some cases of revision it could be beneficial for stability.


Assuntos
Placas Ósseas , Parafusos Ósseos , Fixação Interna de Fraturas/métodos , Fraturas Cominutivas/cirurgia , Fraturas do Quadril/cirurgia , Âncoras de Sutura , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Falha de Equipamento , Feminino , Seguimentos , Fixação Interna de Fraturas/instrumentação , Fraturas Cominutivas/diagnóstico por imagem , Fraturas do Quadril/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/cirurgia , Reoperação , Instrumentos Cirúrgicos
3.
Epidemiol Infect ; 144(6): 1148-52, 2016 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26489591

RESUMO

Large outbreaks of Q fever have recently increased the awareness of this disease as a public health issue. Knowledge of the general impact of Q fever relies mainly on seroprevalence studies and it is fundamental that seroprevalence is assessed accurately. Therefore we evaluated the few enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) commercially available for this purpose. An outbreak in 2005 in Jena, a city of 100,000 inhabitants, gave us the opportunity for the evaluation. However, we found disappointingly low sensitivities for two (42% and 51%) of three commercial ELISAs for detecting past infection. Nevertheless, all assays had good classification potential but cut-off adaptation is needed. Based on the unequal worldwide distribution of the differently performing tests in studies, Q fever seroprevalence is likely to be underestimated in studies from Europe whereas the data from North America and Australia are likely to be more reliable.


Assuntos
Anticorpos Antibacterianos/sangue , Coxiella burnetii/imunologia , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática/métodos , Métodos Epidemiológicos , Febre Q/sangue , Febre Q/epidemiologia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Austrália/epidemiologia , Doença Crônica , Europa (Continente)/epidemiologia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Alemanha/epidemiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , América do Norte/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Adulto Jovem
4.
Unfallchirurg ; 119(6): 532-9, 2016 Jun.
Artigo em Alemão | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27225168

RESUMO

Mass casualty incidents (MCI) in this day and age represent a special challenge, which initially require on-site coordination and logistics and then a professional distribution of victims (triage) to surrounding hospitals. Technical, logistical and even specialist errors can impair this flow of events. It therefore seems advisable to make a detailed analysis of every MCI. In this article the railway incident from 9 February 2016 is analyzed taking the preclinical and clinical cirumstances into consideration and conclusions for future management are drawn. As a special entity it could be determined that fixed table units in passenger trains represent a particularly dangerous hazard and in many instances in this analysis led to characteristic abdominal and thoracic injuries.


Assuntos
Medicina de Desastres/organização & administração , Planejamento em Desastres/organização & administração , Serviços Médicos de Emergência/organização & administração , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência/organização & administração , Incidentes com Feridos em Massa , Triagem/organização & administração , Medicina de Desastres/métodos , Alemanha
5.
Toxicol In Vitro ; 96: 105769, 2024 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38142785

RESUMO

Fragrances can cause allergic skin reactions, expressed as allergic contact dermatitis and reactions in the respiratory tract that range from acute temporary upper airway irritation to obstructive lung disease. These adverse health effects may result from the stimulation of a specific (adaptive) immune response. Th1 cells, which essentially produce interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ), play a key role in allergic contact dermatitis and also on allergic sensitization to common allergens (e.g., nickel and fragrance). It has been shown that fragrance allergy leads to Th2/Th22 production of IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13, controlling the development of IgE and mediating hypersensitivity reactions in the lung, such as asthma. Cytokines released during immune response modulate the expression of cytochrome P450 (CYPs) proteins, which can result in alterations of the pharmacological effects of substances in inflammatory diseases. The mechanisms linking environment and immunity are still not completely understood but it is known that aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a sensor with conserved ligand-activated transcription factor, highly expressed in cells that controls complex transcriptional programs which are ligand and cell type specific, with CYPs as targeted genes. This review focuses on these important aspects of immune responses of the skin and respiratory tract cells, describing some in vitro models applied to evaluate the mechanisms involved in fragrance-induced allergy.


Assuntos
Dermatite Alérgica de Contato , Perfumes , Humanos , Odorantes , Ligantes , Citocinas/genética , Dermatite Alérgica de Contato/etiologia , Perfumes/toxicidade , Imunidade
6.
J Exp Med ; 192(10): 1441-52, 2000 Nov 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11085746

RESUMO

Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) characterize the pathology of T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases and delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions (DTHRs) in the skin, joints, and gut, but are absent in T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases of the brain or pancreas. All of these reactions are mediated by interferon gamma-producing type 1 T cells and produce a similar pattern of cytokines. Thus, the cells and mediators responsible for the PMN recruitment into skin, joints, or gut during DTHRs remain unknown. Analyzing hapten-induced DTHRs of the skin, we found that mast cells determine the T cell-dependent PMN recruitment through two mediators, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and the CXC chemokine macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2), the functional analogue of human interleukin 8. Extractable MIP-2 protein was abundant during DTHRs in and around mast cells of wild-type (WT) mice but absent in mast cell-deficient WBB6F(1)-Kit(W)/Kit(W-)(v) (Kit(W)/Kit(W)(-v)) mice. T cell-dependent PMN recruitment was reduced >60% by anti-MIP-2 antibodies and >80% in mast cell-deficient Kit(W)/Kit(W)(-v) mice. Mast cells from WT mice efficiently restored DTHRs and MIP-2-dependent PMN recruitment in Kit(W)/Kit(W)-(v) mice, whereas mast cells from TNF(-/)- mice did not. Thus, mast cell-derived TNF and MIP-2 ultimately determine the pattern of infiltrating cells during T cell-mediated DTHRs.


Assuntos
Quimiotaxia de Leucócito , Hipersensibilidade Tardia/imunologia , Leucócitos/imunologia , Mastócitos/imunologia , Monocinas/metabolismo , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/metabolismo , Animais , Quimiocina CXCL2 , Fatores Quimiotáticos/metabolismo , Dermatite de Contato/imunologia , Feminino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Camundongos Mutantes , Neutrófilos/imunologia , Cloreto de Picrila , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-kit/genética , Pele/imunologia , Linfócitos T/imunologia
7.
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol ; 242(1): 56-65, 2010 Jan 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19796648

RESUMO

The impact of nanoparticles (NPs) in medicine and biology has increased rapidly in recent years. Gold NPs have advantageous properties such as chemical stability, high electron density and affinity to biomolecules, making them very promising candidates as drug carriers and diagnostic tools. However, diverse studies on the toxicity of gold NPs have reported contradictory results. To address this issue, a triple cell co-culture model simulating the alveolar lung epithelium was used and exposed at the air-liquid interface. The cell cultures were exposed to characterized aerosols with 15 nm gold particles (61 ng Au/cm2 and 561 ng Au/cm2 deposition) and incubated for 4 h and 24 h. Experiments were repeated six times. The mRNA induction of pro-inflammatory (TNFalpha, IL-8, iNOS) and oxidative stress markers (HO-1, SOD2) was measured, as well as protein induction of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, GM-CSF, TNFalpha, INFgamma). A pre-stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was performed to further study the effects of particles under inflammatory conditions. Particle deposition and particle uptake by cells were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy and design-based stereology. A homogeneous deposition was revealed, and particles were found to enter all cell types. No mRNA induction due to particles was observed for all markers. The cell culture system was sensitive to LPS but gold particles did not cause any synergistic or suppressive effects. With this experimental setup, reflecting the physiological conditions more precisely, no adverse effects from gold NPs were observed. However, chronic studies under in vivo conditions are needed to entirely exclude adverse effects.


Assuntos
Ouro/farmacologia , Ouro/farmacocinética , Mucosa Respiratória/efeitos dos fármacos , Mucosa Respiratória/metabolismo , Biomarcadores , Linhagem Celular , Técnicas de Cocultura , Citocinas/análise , Citocinas/biossíntese , Humanos , Inflamação/metabolismo , Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão , Nanopartículas , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Tamanho da Partícula , Alvéolos Pulmonares/efeitos dos fármacos , Alvéolos Pulmonares/metabolismo , RNA Mensageiro/biossíntese , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa
8.
J Cell Biol ; 46(3): 576-91, 1970 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-4349132

RESUMO

A combination of differential centrifugation and carrier-free continuous electrophoresis is introduced as a new method for the isolation of animal cell organelles. Various buffers were systematically checked in order to find the system which preserves the organelles and gives as well a good separation in the free-flow electrophoresis apparatus. Triethanolamine-acetate buffer (10 mM), pH 7.4 was used. The isolated lysosomes were pure according to marker enzymes and electron micrographs. A heterogeneity of the lysosomes in electrophoretic mobility was demonstrated with respect to the marker enzymes arylsulfatase and beta-glucuronidase. The lysosomes with higher mobility showed a maximum enrichment of 240-fold with respect to arylsulfatase. The lysosomes with lower electrophoretic mobility showed a 65-fold enrichment with respect to beta-glucuronidase. The ratio of beta-glucuronidase to arylsulfatase varied from 2:1 to 1:2 in lysosomes of different mobility. The yield amounted to approximately 1 mg of lysosomal protein per gram of liver protein. 5-8 mg of lysosomes can be obtained in one experiment. The electrophoretic separation proves to be an effective tool in obtaining pure and well preserved lysosomes.


Assuntos
Eletroforese , Fígado/citologia , Lisossomos/enzimologia , Fosfatase Ácida/análise , Soluções Tampão , Catalase/análise , Fracionamento Celular , Centrifugação , Centrifugação com Gradiente de Concentração , Grânulos Citoplasmáticos/enzimologia , Complexo IV da Cadeia de Transporte de Elétrons/análise , Glucose-6-Fosfatase/análise , Glucuronidase/análise , Histocitoquímica , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Hidrolases/análise , Fígado/enzimologia , Lisossomos/análise , Microscopia Eletrônica , Microscopia de Contraste de Fase , Microssomos , Mitocôndrias/enzimologia , Monoaminoxidase/análise , Proteínas/análise , Sulfatases/análise , Extratos de Tecidos
9.
Inhal Toxicol ; 21(11): 920-32, 2009 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19681732

RESUMO

Sixteen beagle dogs were housed in four large chambers under minimum restraint. They were exposed for 16 months to clean air and individual baseline data of markers were obtained. For 13 months, eight dogs were further exposed to clean air and eight dogs for 6 h/d to 1-microm MMAD (mass median aerodynamic diameter) acidic sulfate particles carrying 25 micromol H(+) m(-3) into their lungs. To establish functional responses (lung function, cell and tissue integrity, redox balance, and non-specific respiratory defense capacity), each exposed animal served as its own control. To establish structural responses, the eight non-exposed animals served as controls. Acidic particles were produced by nebulization of aqueous sodium hydrogen sulfate at pH 1.5. Only subtle exposure-related changes of lung function and structure were detected. A significant increase in respiratory burst function of alveolar macrophages points to a marginal inflammatory response. This can be explained by the significant production of prostaglandin E(2), activating cyclooxygenase-dependent mechanisms in epithelia and thus inhibiting lung inflammation. The non-specific defense capacity was slightly affected, giving increased tracheal mucus velocity and reduced in vivo dissolution of moderately soluble test particles. Hypertrophy and hyperplasia of bronchial epithelia were not observed, but there was an increase in volume density of bronchial glands and a shift from neutral to acidic staining of epithelial secretory cells in distal airways. The acidic exposure had thus no pathophysiological consequences. It is therefore unlikely that long-term inhalation of acidic particles is associated with a health risk.


Assuntos
Ácidos/toxicidade , Pulmão/patologia , Material Particulado/toxicidade , Aerossóis , Animais , Câmaras de Exposição Atmosférica , Cães , Exposição por Inalação , Pneumopatias/induzido quimicamente , Pneumopatias/patologia , Masculino , Oxirredução , Tamanho da Partícula , Testes de Função Respiratória , Sulfatos/química , Sulfatos/toxicidade
10.
J Phys Condens Matter ; 21(7): 075402, 2009 Feb 18.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21817326

RESUMO

Congruently melting undoped lithium niobate crystals are irradiated with 20 MeV (3)He ions which penetrate the entire crystal volume. Radiation damage effects are directly visualized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) where damage zones with diameters of 4 nm give rise to circular Fresnel fringe contrasts. These regions of modified material, appearing circular in cross-section, are interpreted as damage cascades inflicted by fast Nb and O atoms displaced in knock-on collisions with primary (3)He ions. This two-step displacement process results in local density changes manifested by the contrast behaviour of Fresnel fringes observed in TEM images.

11.
Physiol Res ; 68(6): 893-900, 2019 12 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31647293

RESUMO

Thrombospondins (TSPs) are matricellular glycoproteins expressed in response to vascular injury. TSP-1 and TSP-2 are promotors of arterial remodeling while TSP-5 is believed to be protective. The current study assessed the differential effect of TSPs on protein expression in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). We hypothesized that TSP-1, TSP-2 and TSP-5 would regulate VSMC proteins involved in arterial remodeling. Human VSMCs were exposed to TSP-1, -2, -5 or serum free media (24 hours). Cell lysates were used to assess the targets TSP-1, TSP-2, TSP-5 and CD44), while the culture media was used to detect TGF-ß1, PDGF-BB, ANGPTL-4 and IL-8. Statistical analysis was performed by t-test and p< 0.05 was considered significant. All TSPs increased their own expression and TSP-5 increased TSP-2. TSP-1 and TSP-2 increased production of ANGPTL-4 and PDGF-BB, while TSP-5 only increased ANGPTL-4. TSP-1 increased exclusively TGF-ß1 and CD44 production. TSP-2 increased TSP-1 expression. All TSPs decreased IL-8. The findings suggest that TSP-1 and TSP-2 may promote vascular remodeling, in part, by increasing ANGPTL-4, PDGF-BB and their own expression. TSP-5 did not upregulate the inflammatory mediators TSP-1, PDGF-BB or TGF-ß1, but upregulated its own expression, which could be a protective mechanism against the response to vascular injury.


Assuntos
Artérias/metabolismo , Músculo Liso Vascular/metabolismo , Trombospondinas/biossíntese , Remodelação Vascular/fisiologia , Proteína de Matriz Oligomérica de Cartilagem/biossíntese , Células Cultivadas , Humanos , Miócitos de Músculo Liso/metabolismo , Trombospondina 1/biossíntese
13.
Early Hum Dev ; 84(10): 645-50, 2008 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18539413

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Growth of very low birthweight (VLBW) infants is used to monitor nutrition and intrauterine velocity is taken as the desired goal. AIM: We hypothesised that beside nutrition growth failure is caused by disease severity. METHODS: Prospective longitudinal study of 45 VLBW infants undergoing intensive care, mechanical ventilation was used as proxy to disease severity. Nutritional intake, body weight, length, head circumference, and lower leg length (LLL) were measured during the first 5 weeks of life. RESULTS: Birthweight and gestational age were lower in 22 ventilated than in 23 unventilated infants (p<0.01). Median daily intake was 3.2 and 2.8 g/kg for protein (n.s.), 108 and 112 kcal/kg for energy (n.s.), 175 and 160 ml/kg for volume (p<0.01) up to day 35, respectively. Chronic lung disease occurred in 12 infants, five of whom were treated with dexamethasone. Artificial ventilation (p<0.01) and dexamethasone treatment (p<0.05) were independent predictors of weight gain. Median weight gain (8.2 and 9.7 g/kg/d), head growth (0.45 and 0.60 cm/week), and LLL growth (0.28 and 0.35 mm/d) were lower (p<0.05) in ventilated than in non-ventilated infants, respectively. The correlation of LLL growth with body length (r=0.31, p<0.05) and head growth (r=0.42, p<0.01) was weak. Dexamethasone arrested growth; median LLL gain was 0.21 and 0.31 mm/d in ventilated infants with and without dexamethasone (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: In VLBW infants, fetal growth rates are not reached with current feeding practice. In addition to inadequate nutrition, factors directly related to disease and treatment contribute to postnatal growth failure.


Assuntos
Recém-Nascido de muito Baixo Peso/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Peso Corporal/fisiologia , Dexametasona/uso terapêutico , Ingestão de Alimentos/fisiologia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Idade Gestacional , Humanos , Lactente , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição do Lactente/efeitos dos fármacos , Recém-Nascido , Terapia Intensiva Neonatal , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Respiração Artificial , Risco , Fatores de Tempo , Aumento de Peso/efeitos dos fármacos
14.
Ann N Y Acad Sci ; 1098: 490-2, 2007 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17435156

RESUMO

A novel immunology-based point-of-care test has been designed to assess the activated form of matrix metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8) for diagnosis and monitoring of periodontal diseases. The test has been automated using an analyzer, which quantitatively measures aMMP-8 in 18 min in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). Fluid samples were collected from healthy, gingivitis-, and periodontitis-affected teeth. The test results from the analyzer were compared with quantitative aMMP-8 immunofluorometric assay (IFMA) and in-house enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) as well as with the periodontal state. Preliminary results of analyzer measurements of these 34 clinical samples showed a good agreement with the results from IFMA and in-house ELISA and with the clinical picture.


Assuntos
Líquido do Sulco Gengival/enzimologia , Metaloproteinase 8 da Matriz/análise , Sistemas Automatizados de Assistência Junto ao Leito , Humanos , Imunoensaio , Metaloproteinase 8 da Matriz/imunologia , Doenças Periodontais/diagnóstico , Doenças Periodontais/enzimologia
15.
Ann N Y Acad Sci ; 1098: 493-5, 2007 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17435157

RESUMO

In a first pilot field study 64 gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples were collected from patients of dental practitioners. The dentists (one orthodontist one periodontist, and one general practitioner) were asked to monitor the respective clinical status of the sites of sampling and to collect, if possible, sulcus fluid samples from healthy as well as affected sites from the same patient. The concentration of activated matrix metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8) in the GCF was recorded using a set of monoclonal antibodies and a novel DentoAnalyzer. From all three dental offices the distribution of the aMMP-8 values in GCF showed a congruent pattern, where healthy and periodontitis-affected inflamed sites were clearly disparate.


Assuntos
Líquido do Sulco Gengival/enzimologia , Metaloproteinase 8 da Matriz/análise , Sistemas Automatizados de Assistência Junto ao Leito , Humanos , Imunoensaio/métodos , Metaloproteinase 8 da Matriz/imunologia , Periodontite/diagnóstico , Periodontite/enzimologia , Projetos Piloto , Fatores de Tempo
16.
Br Dent J ; 223(12): 889-894, 2017 Dec 22.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29269912

RESUMO

Background Representations of 'dentists in action' in modern art have never been systematically researched. This paper surveys and analyses these portrayals for the first time.Methods Relevant paintings, prints, sculptures, and installations were identified by means of keyword searches in search engines, OPACs and picture libraries as well as handsearch.Results Between 1914 and 2014 more than 75 works of art with dental treatment as a motif appeared across the globe. Virtually every modern style from post-impressionism to 'crossover art' are represented, including world famous artists such as Dubuffet or Dalí. Syringes, Doriot's transmissions and contra-angle handpieces are worked into an iconographic code. In contrast, elements of an increasing hygiene consciousness (gloves, face masks and protective glasses) are integrated only fragmentarily. The dentist-patient relationship is predominantly portrayed professionally and realistically and the stereotype of the male dentist dominates.Discussion For almost a century it has been argued that dentists in action had largely disappeared from artistic production after 1900. The results presented here force a revision of this idea and encourage the further discovery of pictorial sources. Only in this way can the fascinating theme of 'dentistry in art' become an attractive part of dental humanities.


Assuntos
Assistência Odontológica , Relações Dentista-Paciente , Pinturas , Odontólogos , História do Século XX , História do Século XXI , Humanos , Masculino , Pinturas/história , Inquéritos e Questionários
17.
Oncogene ; 36(24): 3464-3476, 2017 06 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28114277

RESUMO

Megakaryoblastic Leukemia 1 and 2 (MKL1/2) are transcriptional coactivators of Serum Response Factor (SRF) with an essential role for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) growth and oncogene-induced senescence. In this report, we identified myoferlin as a novel MKL/SRF target gene by gene expression profiling and verification in vivo in HCC xenografts. Myoferlin was overexpressed in human and murine HCCs triggered by conditional expression of constitutively active SRF-VP16 protein in hepatocytes. Furthermore, myoferlin was required for HCC cell invasion, proliferation and anchorage-independent cell growth. We provide evidence that myoferlin is a crucial gene target of MKL1/2 mediating its effect on oncogene-induced senescence by modulating the activation state of the EGFR and downstream MAPK and p16-/Rb pathways. Depletion of myoferlin in tumour cells from SRF-VP16-derived murine HCCs induced a senescence phenotype. These findings identify MKL1/2 and myoferlin as novel therapeutic targets to treat human HCC by a senescence-inducing strategy.


Assuntos
Proteínas de Ligação ao Cálcio/metabolismo , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/metabolismo , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica/métodos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/metabolismo , Proteínas de Membrana/metabolismo , Proteínas Musculares/metabolismo , Fator de Resposta Sérica/metabolismo , Transativadores/metabolismo , Fatores de Transcrição/metabolismo , Animais , Proteínas de Ligação ao Cálcio/genética , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/genética , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/genética , Proteínas de Membrana/genética , Camundongos , Proteínas Musculares/genética , Células NIH 3T3 , Invasividade Neoplásica , Transplante de Neoplasias
18.
J Clin Pathol ; 59(9): 984-7, 2006 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16935973

RESUMO

AIM: To establish independent prognostic factors on a chromosomal basis in superficial bladder cancer, using a multicolour fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) probe mix. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In 2002, voided urine from 75 consecutive patients (mean age 71.7, range 52-93) years under follow-up for superficial urothelial cancer was studied prospectively. The patients were observed for a mean (standard deviation (SD)) period of 39.3 (6.8) months (range 27-58) until July 2005. A multicolour FISH on liquid-based voided urinary cytology was carried out on all patients. Univariate analysis, using a log rank test, was used to determine the prognostic relevance of a low-risk pattern and a high-risk pattern. Progression-free survival time was calculated from the date of first diagnosis to first recurrence or progression according to the Kaplan-Meier product-limit method. RESULTS: One patient was lost to follow-up. 27 of the 74 remaining (36.8%) patients showed recurrent disease. In 9 (33.3%) patients with a low-risk pattern disease recurred after a mean (SD) observation time of 29.7 (1.9) months (range 8.3-52.3, median 30.8 (12.4)). 18 (66.7%) patients with a high-risk pattern developed recurrence within a mean (SD) of 17.6 (2.0) months (range 4-38.8, median 16.7 (11.6)). The Kaplan-Meier curve for progression-free survival showed marked differences between the low-risk and the high-risk groups. CONCLUSION: Patients with a high-risk chromosomal pattern have a markedly shorter disease-free survival time and higher progression rate than patients with a low-risk pattern. High-risk patients can therefore be treated more aggressively to prevent tumour spreading.


Assuntos
Aberrações Cromossômicas , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/genética , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Cromossomos Humanos Par 17/genética , Cromossomos Humanos Par 3/genética , Cromossomos Humanos Par 7/genética , Progressão da Doença , Métodos Epidemiológicos , Genes p16 , Humanos , Hibridização in Situ Fluorescente/métodos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Prognóstico , Recidiva , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/patologia , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/cirurgia
19.
Chemosphere ; 65(10): 1784-90, 2006 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16762398

RESUMO

The geometry of commercially available perfusion chambers designed for harbouring three membrane-based cell cultures was modified for reliable and dose-controlled air-liquid interface (ALI) exposures. Confluent A549 epithelial cells grown on membranes were integrated in the chamber system and supplied with medium from the chamber bottom. Cell viability was not impaired by the conditions of ALI exposure without particles. Expression of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin 6 and interleukin 8 by A549 cells during ALI exposure to filtered air for 6h and subsequent stimulation with tumor necrosis factor was not altered compared to submersed controls, indicating that the cells maintained their functional integrity. Ultrafine carbonaceous model particles with a count median mobility diameter of about 95+/-5 nm were produced by spark discharge at a stable concentration of about 2 x 10(6) cm(-3) and continuously monitored for accurate determination of the exposure dose. Delivery to the ALI exposure system yielded a homogeneous particle deposition over the membranes with a deposition efficiency of 2%. Mid dose exposure of A549 cells to this aerosol for 6h yielded a total particle deposition of (2.6+/-0.4) x 10(8) cm(-2) corresponding to (87+/-23) ng cm(-2). The 2.7-fold (p < or = 0.05) increased transcription of heme oxygenase-1 indicated a sensitive antioxidant and stress response, while cell viability did not reveal a toxic mechanism.


Assuntos
Células Epiteliais/efeitos dos fármacos , Material Particulado/efeitos adversos , Aerossóis/toxicidade , Ar , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Heme Oxigenase-1/efeitos dos fármacos , Heme Oxigenase-1/genética , Humanos , Interleucina-6/genética , Interleucina-8/genética , Pulmão/citologia , Tamanho da Partícula
20.
Cancer Res ; 42(4): 1567-73, 1982 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7060026

RESUMO

A glycoprotein was selectively enriched in the supernatant (Fraction b) obtained by alcohol and trichloroacetic acid fractionation of digitonin extracts from blood of patients with neoplastic diseases and of control subjects. Subsequent chromatography with concanavalin A:Sepharose separated a concanavalin A-reactive fraction from a concanavalin A-nonreactive one. In sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis, the fractions from both malignant origin as well as control subjects appeared as single bands showing the same mobility. They were identical with the band obtained from commercial alpha 1-acid glycoprotein. In Fraction b of malignant origin, greatly increased amounts of the alpha 1-acid glycoprotein from malignant cases (AGPM) were found as compared to alpha 1-acid glycoprotein from controls (AGPC). Furthermore, AGPC had a higher glycine content than did AGPM. The electrofocusing pattern of AGPM showed additional bands between pH 3.7 and 4.4, whereas AGPC and commercial alpha 1-acid glycoprotein focused between pH 3.2 and 3.8. In contrast to AGPC and to a commercial alpha 1-acid glycoprotein, AGPM is characterized by a chromophoric group with maximal absorbance at 400 nm. It could be detached by treatment with 6 M guanidine hydrochloride thus indicating a noncovalent binding. The spectral data on the separated chromophore at pH 0.5 agreed with that of a 6,7-substituted pteridine. After detachment with reducing agents, a pteridine in its 7,8-dihydro form was indicated by spectral analysis.


Assuntos
Proteínas de Transporte/isolamento & purificação , Neoplasias/sangue , Orosomucoide/isolamento & purificação , Pteridinas/metabolismo , Aminoácidos/análise , Compostos Cromogênicos/análise , Concanavalina A/farmacologia , Eletroforese em Gel de Poliacrilamida , Humanos , Peso Molecular , Orosomucoide/análise , Orosomucoide/metabolismo
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