Early detection of M. leprae by qPCR in untreated patients and their contacts: results for nasal swab and palate mucosa scraping.

To verify if the hard palate mucosa can be a site of relevance in the early molecular detection of Mycobacterium leprae in leprosy cases and their household contacts and if there is a correlation of results in nasal swab with those of the scraping of the palate mucosa. The quantitative polymerase chain reaction technique was used. Sample included 78 patients with untreated leprosy (G1), their 54 household contacts (G2), and 80 healthy individuals for the negative control (G3). The presence of M. leprae in both G1 and G2 was observed with the nasal swab and the palate mucosa scrapings methods, and it was shown that the sensitivity between the qPCR exams for RLEP and 85B genes is equivalent, with no statistically significant differences (G1 positivity of 35% in the hard palate mucosa and 44% for the nasal one, p = 0.3731 and for G2 of 31 and 38%, respectively, p = 0.6774). Results support the fact that the buccal mucosa and nasal mucosa may be important sites of primary infection of leprosy with repercussion in the transmission chain and that asymptomatic household contacts are heavily harbored by the causative agent of leprosy, which has a critical significance in the prevention and control action of this disease, since the evaluation of these sites arises as of importance in the early detection of M. leprae. Close monitoring and chemoprophylaxis of household contacts appear to be critical to attain interruption of the transmission of leprosy in endemic countries.

Patients' preferences regarding age, sex, and attire of orthodontists.

INTRODUCTION: We investigated whether patients in different age groups are influenced by the age, sex, and attire of an orthodontist. METHODS: The opinions of 360 patients regarding 4 orthodontists and 3 types of attire (from photos) were investigated using a questionnaire. Patients were classified as children (8-11 years; n = 120; group 1), adolescents (12-17 years; n = 120; group 2), and young adults (18-25 years; n = 120; group 3). The chi-square test was used to evaluate age- and sex-based preferences for orthodontists and attire types, and a statistical test of proportion (significance level, 5%) was used for multiple comparisons. RESULTS: Young female orthodontists were preferred (41.1%). A white coat was the preferred attire (48.1%), followed by social clothing (31.7%) and a thematic pediatric coat (19.7%). Groups 1 and 2 preferred a young female orthodontist, whereas group 3 had no apparent age and sex preferences. Regarding attire, group 1 preferred social clothing, whereas groups 2 and 3 preferred a white coat. CONCLUSIONS: Patients of all ages consider appearance to be an important factor when choosing an orthodontist. The participants largely preferred younger professionals who dressed in white coats, because this type of attire was considered clean and hygienic.

Trauma due to Self-aggression in Patient with Waardenburg Syndrome associated with Congenital Anomalies.

Waardenburg syndrome (WS) is an inherited autosomal dominant genetic disorder presenting variable penetrance and expressivity, with an estimated prevalence of 1:42,000. Clinical characteristics of WS include lateral displacement of the internal eye canthus, hyperplasia of the medial portion of the eyebrows, prominent and broad nasal base, congenital deafness, pigmentation of the iris and skin, and white forelock. A 24-year-old male patient, previously diagnosed with WS, was referred to the Special Needs Dental Clinic of Sacred Heart University, Bauru, Brazil. Parents reported that the patient was experiencing self-mutilation, particularly in the oral region. He presented multiple congenital anomalies, including anophthalmia, mental retardation, low-set ears, and leg deformities. Clinical oral examination revealed hypodontia, abnormalities in dental morphology, extensive dental caries, periodontal disease, and fistulae. Extensive scars on the tongue, lips, and hands caused by self-mutilation were also observed. In accordance with his family and neurologist, full-mouth extraction under general anesthesia was performed, especially considering his severe self-aggressive behavior and the necessity to be fed with soft-food diet due to his inability to chew. After the surgical procedure, a significant reduction in the patient's irritability and gain of weight were reported in the follow-ups of 30, 60, and 180 days.

Consequences and treatment after multiple avulsions of deciduous teeth--a case report.

The prevalence of traumatisms with avulsion of deciduous teeth varies from 7 to 13%, usually involving one tooth only. In this case report, a trauma with multiple losses of deciduous teeth and laceration of soft tissue is described as a consequence of a horse backward kick. After suture of extra-oral tissue wounds and application of anti-tetanic vaccine, the patient was referred to the emergency ambulatory of Sacred Heart University. Treatment procedures included radiographic analysis, removal of bone fragments and of a residual root of the tooth involved, remodeling and suture of intra-oral tissues. The patient was observed periodically and after full recovery, a prosthetic appliance was installed for functional and esthetic rehabilitation.

Is quality of life affected by temporomandibular disorders?

OBJECTIVE: To determine the impact of temporomandibular disorders in quality of life. METHODS: A total of 102 volunteer patients (68 female) aged 19 to 86 years, who sought medical care in health clinics of the university and were evaluated in the period from September to December 2013. The subjects were examined according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders, using a mechanical algometer (Palpeter®) with standardized pressure of 0.5 and 1.0kg, and Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) questionnaire, to assess quality of life. The data were tabulated for statistical analysis and the variables were correlated with the clinical findings of the temporomandibular disorders and quality of life. RESULTS: Fifty percent of patients were positive for temporomandibular disorders and 39.2% classified as myofascial pain group. The temporomandibular disorder group was significantly associated with uncomfortable bite (p=0.0000), temporomandibular joint clicking (p=0.0001) and tooth clenching (p=0.0001). The Mann Whitney test used to analyze the SF-36 revealed that the domains of pain (mean score of 47.80%; p<0.0001) and mental health (62.67%; p<0.05) were strongly associated with temporomandibular disorders. CONCLUSION: The quality of life of individuals with temporomandibular disorders was negatively affected by the presence of pain and mental health disorders.

Comparative study of quality of life of elderly nursing home residents and those attneding a day Center. / Estudo comparativo da qualidade de vida de idosos asilados e frequentadores do centro dia.

The aim of this study was to compare the QOL of the elderly living in nursing homes and those who attend the Day Center (Centro Dia) at the the Asilo Vila Vicentina in the city of Bauru/SP. The sample consisted of 48 subjects, 21 men, 5 from the Day Center and 16 nursing home residents, and 27 women, 16 from the Day Center and 11 nursing homes residents, who answered the following questionnaires: socio-demographic characteristics, WHOQOL-Old, and WHOQOL-Bref. The responses were submitted to descriptive and inferential statistics to compare the QOL scores of the nursing home residents with the elderly who attend the Day Center using the Mann Whitney test. The results showed better QOL scores for the elderly who attend the Day Center, in which women stood out. Among the institutionalized elderly, women presented the worst QOL values, particularly in the Physical and Psychological domains. The domains with the lowest scores were Environment (42.6 ± 10.7 for women in nursing homes and 44.4 ± 9.7 for men at the Day Center) and Intimacy (13.1 ± 17.3 for women in nursing homes and 9.4 ± 22.7 for men in nursing homes). The domains with the highest scores were Social Affairs (74.0 ± 13.6 for women at the Day Center and 68.3 ± 10.9 for men at the Day Center) and Death/Dying (83.6 ± 22.0 for women at the Day Center and 80.0 ± 32.6 for men at the Day Center).

Objetivou-se comparar a QV de idosos asilados e frequentadores do Centro Dia do Asilo Vila Vicentina, no município de Bauru/SP. A amostra contou com 48 sujeitos, sendo 21 homens, 5 do Centro Dia e 16 asilados, e 27 mulheres, 16 do Centro Dia e 11 asiladas, que responderaim aos questionários: caracterização sociodemográfica, WHOQOL-Old e WHOQOL-Bref. As respostas, submetidas à estatística descritiva e inferencial, permitiram comparar os escores de QV dos asilados aos dos frequentadores do Centro Dia, por meio do Teste de Mann Whitney. Os resultados apontaram melhores escores de QV para os idosos do Centro Dia, destacando-se as mulheres. As institucionalizadas tiveram os piores valores de QV, sobressaindo-se os domínios Físico e Psicológico. Os domínios com escores mais baixos foram: Meio Ambiente (42,6 ± 10,7 para as asiladas e 44,4 ± 9,7 para os homens do Centro Dia) e Intimidade (13,1 ± 17,3 para as asiladas e 9,4 ± 22,7 para os asilados). Os mais altos foram: Relações Sociais (74,0 ± 13,6 para as mulheres do Centro Dia e 68,3 ± 10,9 para os homens do Centro Dia) e Morte/Morrer (83,6 ± 22,0 para as mulheres do Centro Dia e 80,0 ± 32,6 para os homens do Centro Dia).

Avaliação de anomalias dentárias em terceiros molares através de tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico / Evaluation of dental anomalies in third molars using cone beam computed tomography

Objetivo: A proposta deste estudo foi determinar a prevalência das anomalias dentárias em terceiros molares. Materiais e métodos: O estudo foi feito de modo transversal e retros-pectivo através da análise das tomografias computadorizadas de feixe cônico (TCFC) de pacientes com os terceiros molares. As anomalias dentárias foram investigadas e registra-das em tabela previamente desenhada para o estudo. Foram registradas outras informações como: sexo e idade. Resultados:151 exames de TCFC foram incluídos na amostra, totali-zando 308 terceiros molares avaliados. Dos 308 terceiros molares avaliados, 105 apresen-taram anomalias (37,7%). A anomalia dentária mais prevalente foi a dilaceração radicular, apresentando 96 casos (34,5%), seguida de 5 casos de microdontia (1,79%), 3 casos de hi-percementose (1,07%) e 1 pérola de esmalte (0,35%). Conclusão: A partir deste estudo foi observado que as anomalias em terceiros molares são comuns. Além disso, a dilaceração foi a anomalia mais prevalente na amostra estudada, sendo importante o cirurgião-dentista utilizar exames de imagem no planejamento de uma extração dentária.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of dental anomalies in third molars. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional and retrospective study analyzed the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) of patients with third molars. Dental anomalies were investigated and recorded in a table previously designed for the study. Other information such as sex and age were registered. Results: 151 patients were included in the sample, totaling 308 third molars evaluated. Out of 308 teeth, 105 had anomalies (37.7%). The most prevalent dental anomaly was the root tear, 96 cases (34.5%). The second was microdontia, 5 cases (1.79%); hypercementosis, 3 cases (1.07%); and enamel pearl, 1 case (0 .35%). Conclusion:We observed that third molar anomalies are common and that laceration was the most prevalent anomaly in the sample. Thus, dentists need to use imaging tests in planning a tooth extraction.

In vitro evaluation of the cariostatic action of esthetic restorative materials in bovine teeth under severe cariogenic challenge.

Considering that caries around restorations is a serious problem in dentistry, and some restorative materials with fluoride may be important in inhibiting these lesions, this research is aimed at performing an in vitro evaluation of the cariostatic action of some esthetic restorative materials. Standardized cavities were prepared in the center of either intact blocks of bovine enamel or with bovine teeth containing early artificial carious lesions. The specimens were restored with a high viscosity glass ionomer cement (Molar Ketac), a resin-modified glass ionomer cement (Vitremer), a polyacid-modified resin composite (Dyract AP) and a conventional resin composite (Z-250). In addition to the restored specimens, four corresponding control groups were evaluated. All groups, except for two control groups, were subjected to a demineralization/remineralization cycling model for 14 days, simulating a situation of severe cariogenic challenge. The blocks were then longitudinally sectioned through the restorations. Mineral loss was evaluated in these specimens using the Knoop microhardness profiles in longitudinal sections at three different distances of the cavities and at eight distinct depths in relation to the external enamel surface. Statistical analysis of the results showed significant differences (p < 0.05) among the groups, although none of the study materials completely inhibited creation of the lesions. Vitremer demonstrated the best cariostatic action in intact bovine enamel. Ketac Molar, in intact or demineralized enamel, and Vitremer, in demineralized enamel, presented intermediate cariostatic potential. Z-250 and Dyract AP did not demonstrate any cariostatic effect. The data suggests that glass ionomer cements demonstrated better cariostatic action compared to the other restorative materials.

Impacto da pandemia por coronavirus na qualidade de vida de pessoas com deficiência / Impact of pandemic by coronavirus on the quality of life of people with disabilities

A pandemia de COVID-19 alterou a rotina de cuidados para pesso-as com deficiência provocando até mesmo a interrupção dos mes-mos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o impacto dessa pandemia na vida dos pacientes com deficiência atendidos no Programa de Assistência Integral ao Paciente Especial do UNISAGRADO (PAI-PE) com relação aos cuidados pessoais e atenção à saúde geral e mental. Dos 131 pacientes atendidos em 2019, foi possível o contato telefônico com 60 responsáveis pelos pacientes que foram convida-dos a responder a um formulário online, o qual obteve 51 respostas. O questionário analisou a caracterização do tipo de deficiência e do cuidador; os métodos de prevenção da COVID-19; a presença de comorbidades/uso de medicamentos; o acesso/disponibilidade aos serviços para o atendimento; e a alteração no humor do pacien-te. Os resultados mostraram que houve prevalência de deficiências mentais, 88% não apresentou COVID-19 ou conviveu com alguém com diagnóstico positivo, porém 90% não realizaram testes. Dos pacientes, 100% é dependente de ajuda (autocuidados) e 98% são auxiliados por residentes na mesma casa; 80% fazem uso de me-dicamentos de rotina e 19% não necessitam de terapias de apoio. Apenas 29% tiveram os serviços mantidos e 84% relataram que necessitaram de tratamento odontológico e que não conseguiram (71%) ou só conseguiram o atendimento de urgência (13%). Além disso, 57% responderam que adquiriram conhecimentos sobre a COVID-19 pela mídia e 39% que não apresentaram alterações de humor. Concluiu-se que a pandemia pelo SARS-CoV-2 impactou negativamente a qualidade de vida das pessoas com deficiência au-mentando ainda mais a sua condição de vulnerabilidade.

The COVID-19 pandemic has altered people with disabilities' care routine, even causing its interruption. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of this pandemic on the lives of patients with disabilities treated in the UNISAGRADO Comprehensive Patient Assistance Program (PAIPE) regarding personal care and general and mental health care. Of the 131 patients treated in 2019, telephone contact occurred with 60 people, responsible for the patients invited to answer an online form, which had 51 responses. The questionnaire analyzed the characterization of the type of disability and the caregiver; COVID-19 prevention methods; the presence of comorbidities/medication use; access/availability of services for care; and change in their mood. The results showed a prevalence of mental disabilities; 88% did not have COVID or lived with someone with a positive diagnosis, but 90% did not undergo tests. Among these patients, 100% are dependent on help (self-care), 98% are assisted by residents of the same household, 80% use routine medications, 19% do not need supportive therapies, and only 29% had their services maintained. Of the 84% that reported they needed dental treatment, 71% did not get it, and 13% got urgent care. Also, 57% replied that they acquired knowledge about COVID-19 through the media and 39% did not present mood changes. The study concluded that the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic had a negative impact on the quality of life of people with disabilities, further increasing their condition of vulnerability.

Tratamento odontológico na atenção básica à saúde de crianças durante a pandemia da COVID-19: o que fazer? / Dental care in primary health care of children during COVID-19 pandemic: what to do?

Este artigo objetivou discutir estratégias de atendimento odontológico para crianças na atenção básica à saúde considerando a transmissibilidade do SARS-COV-2. O telemonitoramento seria o meio mais exequível de prestar a promoção da orientação/reforço da higiene oral/aconselhamento dietético. Os procedimentos de mínima intervenção em dentes decíduos/permanentes possibilitariam o manejo de lesões de cárie iniciais, moderadas e severas, sem geração de aerossol. Quando procedimentos com geração de aerossol são necessários, esses devem ser agendados para o final do período, esperando- -se pelo menos 30 minutos para iniciar a desinfecção do ambiente. A abordagem odontológica às crianças com necessidades especiais deve ser direcionada primeiramente para promoção e prevenção da saúde bucal, seguida da preferência pelas técnicas não farmacológicas para o gerenciamento do comportamento, como FALAR-MOSTRAR-FAZER, para aqueles pacientes com cognitivo que permita a interação e entendimento razoáveis. Recursos como estabilização protetora devem ser utilizados para os casos de comportamentos mais difíceis e, por fim, a intervenção sob anestesia geral com indicação bem restrita.

This study aimed to discuss dental care approaches for the primary health care of children considering the SARS-COV-2 transmissibility. Teledentistry would be the most reasonable way of promoting oral health guidance and dietary counseling. Minimum intervention procedures in primary/permanent teeth would enable the management of initial, moderate, and severe caries lesions without generating aerosol. When aerosol-generating procedures are necessary, these should be scheduled at the end of the working day, waiting for at least 30 minutes after the procedure for disinfection. The dental care of children with special needs should firstly address oral health promotion and prevention, followed by non-pharmacological behavioral techniques (TELL-SHOW-DO) in children with reasonable cognitive understanding. For difficult behaviors, we suggest the use of resources as protective stabilization and general anesthesia in a very restrictive manner.

West Syndrome: Report of Clinical Case: 9 Years of Follow-up / Síndrome de West: Relato de Caso: 9 anos de Acompanhamento

ABSTRACT West Syndrome is one of the rare and severe childhood epilepsies, starting in the first year of life and having an uncertain etiology. Even if some of the symptoms are missing, a triad of them defines West Syndrome, including epileptic spasms, arrest or regression of psychomotor development, and hypsarrhythmia on interictal electroencephalography. The objective of this study was to obtain updated data on West Syndrome literature and report a clinical case of a patient with the medical diagnosis of this syndrome, with gastrostomy feed tube, and clinical pattern of spastic quadriplegia. Initial clinical examination showed prolonged retention of deciduous teeth, periodontal disease, poor oral hygiene, mouth breathing, deep palate, anterior open bite, tongue interposition between the dental arches, and low caries experience. Over 9 years the patient presented complications in their sistemicas conditions, with need for gastrostomy and many periods of hospitalization that determined periods of absence for the dental monitoring. Despite this, currently his oral health condition is good and stable. Dental care for people with disabilities should be developed, encouraged and continuously extended, in agreement with the constitutional principles of human dignity and the rights for health and equality.

RESUMO A Síndrome de West é uma rara e severa forma de epilepsia da infância, com início no primeiro ano de vida e etiologia ainda não definida. Mesmo com a ausência de alguns sintomas, a tríade que define a Síndrome de West é a presença de espasmos, retardo no desenvolvimento psicomotor e a presença da hypssarritmia no eletroencefalograma. O objetivo deste estudo foi a obtenção de dados atualizados na literatura sobre a Síndrome de West e relatar um caso clínico de um paciente com diagnóstico médico dessa síndrome, com gastrostomia e padrão clínico de quadriplegia espástica. No exame clínico inicial observou-se retenção prolongada de dentes decíduos, doença periodontal, padrão pobre de higiene bucal, respiração bucal, palato profundo, mordida aberta anterior, interposição de língua entre os arcos dentais e baixa experiência de cárie. Ao longo de 9 anos o paciente apresentou complicações nas suas condições sistêmicas, com necessidade e realizar gastrostomia e com muitos períodos de internação. Apesar disto, atualmente sua condição de saúde bucal é boa e estável. Os cuidados odontológicos para pessoas com deficiência devem ser desenvolvidos, encorajados e estendidos continuamente, de acordo com os princípios constitucionais da dignidade humana e os direitos de saúde e de igualdade.

Is quality of life affected by temporomandibular disorders? / A disfunção temporomandibular afeta a qualidade de vida?

ABSTRACT Objective To determine the impact of temporomandibular disorders in quality of life. Methods A total of 102 volunteer patients (68 female) aged 19 to 86 years, who sought medical care in health clinics of the university and were evaluated in the period from September to December 2013. The subjects were examined according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders, using a mechanical algometer (Palpeter®) with standardized pressure of 0.5 and 1.0kg, and Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) questionnaire, to assess quality of life. The data were tabulated for statistical analysis and the variables were correlated with the clinical findings of the temporomandibular disorders and quality of life. Results Fifty percent of patients were positive for temporomandibular disorders and 39.2% classified as myofascial pain group. The temporomandibular disorder group was significantly associated with uncomfortable bite (p=0.0000), temporomandibular joint clicking (p=0.0001) and tooth clenching (p=0.0001). The Mann Whitney test used to analyze the SF-36 revealed that the domains of pain (mean score of 47.80%; p<0.0001) and mental health (62.67%; p<0.05) were strongly associated with temporomandibular disorders. Conclusion The quality of life of individuals with temporomandibular disorders was negatively affected by the presence of pain and mental health disorders.

RESUMO Objetivo Determinar o impacto das disfunções temporomandibulares na qualidade de vida. Métodos Foram incluídos 102 pacientes voluntários (68 mulheres) com idades entre 19 e 86 anos, que buscaram atendimento médico nas clínicas de saúde da universidade e foram avaliados no período de setembro a dezembro de 2013. Os pacientes foram examinados segundo os Critérios Diagnósticos para Pesquisa em Disfunções Temporomandibulares, usando um algômetro mecânico (Palpeter®) com pressão padronizada de 0,5 e 1,0kg e o questionário Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), para avaliação da qualidade de vida. Os dados foram tabulados para análise estatística, e as variáveis foram correlacionadas com os achados clínicos das disfunções temporomandibulares e da qualidade de vida. Resultados Metade dos pacientes foi positiva para disfunções temporomandibulares, sendo 39,2% deles classificados como grupo de dor miofascial. O grupo de disfunções temporomandibulares foi significativamente associado ao desconforto ao morder (p=0,0000), à crepitação da articulação temporomandibular (p=0,0001) e ao apertar dos dentes (p=0,0001). O teste de Mann-Whitney usado para analisar o SF-36 revelou que os domínios da dor (pontuação média de 47,80%; p<0,0001) e saúde mental (62,67%; p<0,05) estavam fortemente associados às disfunções temporomandibulares. Conclusão A qualidade de vida de indivíduos com disfunções temporomandibulares foi afetada negativamente pela presença da dor e de transtornos de saúde mental.

Nível de informação de gestantes na prevenção e promoção da saúde no período do Pré-Natal / Level of information to pregnant women in the prevention and health promotion in the prenatal period

Introdução: a atenção ao pré-natal possibilita uma boa condição de saúde para mulher e para o bebê, e a informação sobre esse período permite à gestante desenvolver autoconfiança para vivenciar melhor a gestação, o parto e o puerpério. No entanto, estudos comprovam que o saber das mulheres sobre esse período carece de cientificidade, quase sempre embasado em crenças e mitos herdados da educação assistemática. Objetivo: identificar o perfil sociodemográfico das gestantes e verificar o nível de informação de mulheres referentes à prevenção e promoção de saúde própria e do bebê. Método: os dados foram coletados em uma Clínica particular de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia da cidade de Bauru, por meio de um questionário fecha do com questões sociodemográficas e sobre promoção e prevenção da saúde. Foram distribuídos 150 questionários, dos quais retornaram 30 e, desses, dois foram excluídos por estarem incompletos. Assim, a amostra final foi constituída por 28 gestantes respondentes. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva. Resultados: o perfil sociodemográfico mostrou que a maioria das gestantes era da raça branca (70%), faixa etária entre 25 a 34 anos (61%), com ensino superior completo (61%), exercendo a profissão de docente (25%), com renda familiar de 4 a 6 salários mínimos vigentes (47%). Com relação ao quesito promoção e prevenção da saúde na gestação os resultados indicaram baixo nível de informação. Conclusão: o nível de informação das gestantes sobre o período pré-natal foi baixo, ainda que as mesmas apresentassem um perfil sociodemográfico satisfatório.

Introduction: attention to prenatal care enables a good health condition for the woman and the baby, and the information about this period allows the pregnant woman to develop self-confidence to better experience pregnancy, childbirth, and puerperium. However, studies prove that the knowledge of women about this period lacks scientific, almost always based on beliefs and myths inherited from unsystematic education. Objective: to identify the sociodemographic profile of pregnant women and verify the level of information of women regarding the prevention and promotion of own health and the baby. Method: the data were collected in a private clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics of the city of Bauru, through a closed questionnaire with sociodemographic questions and health promotion and prevention. 150 questionnaires were distributed, of which 30 were returned and of these two were excluded because they were incomplete. Thus, the final sample consisted of 28 pregnant women. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: the sociodemographic profile showed that the majority of the pregnant women were white (70%), between 25 and 34 years of age (61%), with complete higher education (61%), exercising the teaching profession (25%), with family income of 4 to 6 minimum wages (47%). With regard to the issue of health promotion and prevention during pregnancy, the results indicated low level of information. Conclusion: the level of information of the pregnant women about the prenatal period was low even though they presented a satisfactory sociodemographic profile.

Estudo comparativo da qualidade de vida de idosos asilados e frequentadores do centro dia / Comparative study of quality of life of elderly nursing home residents and those attneding a day Center

Resumo Objetivou-se comparar a QV de idosos asilados e frequentadores do Centro Dia do Asilo Vila Vicentina, no município de Bauru/SP. A amostra contou com 48 sujeitos, sendo 21 homens, 5 do Centro Dia e 16 asilados, e 27 mulheres, 16 do Centro Dia e 11 asiladas, que responderaim aos questionários: caracterização sociodemográfica, WHOQOL-Old e WHOQOL-Bref. As respostas, submetidas à estatística descritiva e inferencial, permitiram comparar os escores de QV dos asilados aos dos frequentadores do Centro Dia, por meio do Teste de Mann Whitney. Os resultados apontaram melhores escores de QV para os idosos do Centro Dia, destacando-se as mulheres. As institucionalizadas tiveram os piores valores de QV, sobressaindo-se os domínios Físico e Psicológico. Os domínios com escores mais baixos foram: Meio Ambiente (42,6 ± 10,7 para as asiladas e 44,4 ± 9,7 para os homens do Centro Dia) e Intimidade (13,1 ± 17,3 para as asiladas e 9,4 ± 22,7 para os asilados). Os mais altos foram: Relações Sociais (74,0 ± 13,6 para as mulheres do Centro Dia e 68,3 ± 10,9 para os homens do Centro Dia) e Morte/Morrer (83,6 ± 22,0 para as mulheres do Centro Dia e 80,0 ± 32,6 para os homens do Centro Dia).

Abstract The aim of this study was to compare the QOL of the elderly living in nursing homes and those who attend the Day Center (Centro Dia) at the the Asilo Vila Vicentina in the city of Bauru/SP. The sample consisted of 48 subjects, 21 men, 5 from the Day Center and 16 nursing home residents, and 27 women, 16 from the Day Center and 11 nursing homes residents, who answered the following questionnaires: socio-demographic characteristics, WHOQOL-Old, and WHOQOL-Bref. The responses were submitted to descriptive and inferential statistics to compare the QOL scores of the nursing home residents with the elderly who attend the Day Center using the Mann Whitney test. The results showed better QOL scores for the elderly who attend the Day Center, in which women stood out. Among the institutionalized elderly, women presented the worst QOL values, particularly in the Physical and Psychological domains. The domains with the lowest scores were Environment (42.6 ± 10.7 for women in nursing homes and 44.4 ± 9.7 for men at the Day Center) and Intimacy (13.1 ± 17.3 for women in nursing homes and 9.4 ± 22.7 for men in nursing homes). The domains with the highest scores were Social Affairs (74.0 ± 13.6 for women at the Day Center and 68.3 ± 10.9 for men at the Day Center) and Death/Dying (83.6 ± 22.0 for women at the Day Center and 80.0 ± 32.6 for men at the Day Center).

[Evaluation of the incidence of dental caries in patients with Down syndrome after their insertion in a preventive program]. / Avaliação da incidência de cárie em pacientes com síndrome de Down após sua inserção em um programa preventivo.

The objective of this work was to verify the incidence of dental caries by means of the CPO-D, CPO-S, ceo-d and ceo-s indexes in patients with Down syndrome regularly enrolled in a preventive program. Twenty four Down syndrome patients of both sexes age range of one to 48 years were examined. The prevalence (initial experimental situation) and incidence (final experimental situation) of dental caries were verified using of the initial and final CPO-D, CPO-S, ceo-d and ceo-s indexes of the participants. From 24 individual examined, 10 (42.0%) were free of caries. The prevalence of dental caries showed values of CPO-D= 2.33; CPO-S= 3.60; ceo-d= 1.75 e ceo-s= 2.80; while the incidence of caries showed values of 2.33; 3.80; 1.10 e 1.90, respectively. Down syndrome individuals evaluated in this study presented low level of caries and small incidence of new lesions, emphasizing the importance of the maintenance of these patients at preventive programs.

[The impact on life quality due to oral conditions in people fifty years or above]. / O impacto das condições bucais na qualidade de vida de pessoas com cinquenta ou mais anos de vida.

The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of socio-demographic variables and oral health conditions in the quality of life of non-institutionalized people aged 50 or above, living in Bauru, São Paulo State. Clinical oral examinations were conducted on a sample of 224 people including dental caries, periodontal disease and usage or need of dental prosthesis according to WHO suggestions for community dental health surveys. They were also asked to answer a questionnaire comprised of 49 questions about the impact of their oral status on the activities of daily living (OHIP). Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis were computed with individual scores of each domain as dependent variables. The results were: 60% were retired people, 42% exercise no social activity and 65.5% earned less than three minimum wages. Dentate people had a mean of 15.3 missing teeth, 117 people (53% of the sample) had full dentures. It could be concluded that regression analysis showed no socio-demographic variable but age having a significant impact on quality of life; as people get older oral disorders seems to produce lower impact on quality of life. As it concerns to oral clinical data only periodontal disease showed impact on quality of life.

Epidemiology of fluorosis and dental caries according to different types of water supplies.

The aim of this article is to investigate the relationship between fluorosis/dental caries in schools, according to the level of fluoride in public water supply. The sample comprised of twelve-year-old daytime students (360) of both genders, attending schools close to the region where they were born. The schools were classified into three groups according to the presence of fluoride in the water supply: 1) fluoridation in the Water Treatment Station-WTS; 2) Direct Fluoridation in Wells-DFW; and 3) Non Fluoridated Areas-NFA. The chi2 and Goodman tests (significance=5%) were used to evaluate the association between the origin of water and degree of fluorosis; percentage of distribution and descriptive measures were used for investigation of the degree of fluorosis. The following outcomes were predominant: presence of dental caries in the entire sample (P<0.05); absence of fluorosis in both genders, for white individuals and subjects living in areas supplied by both DFW and NFA (P<0.05). There was no difference in the severity of fluorosis between the sources of water supply (P>0.05). Dental caries is still an important problem in this population, despite the establishment of preventive measured. The observation of fluorosis in students living in non-fluoridated areas confirms the presence of other sources of fluoride.

Estado nutricional de crianças beneficiadas pelo programa Bolsa Família / Nutritional status of children benefiting from the Bolsa Família program

The direct income transfer programmes such as "Bolsa Família" have the important function of making it possible for aspects of life to receive the necessary care and importance in order to improve the quality of life. One of the aspects concerns food and healthy nutrition OBJECTIVE: The objective was to assess the nutritional condition of children under five years old whose families are benefited by the programme"BolsaFamília" in a city of northwestern São Paulo state, Brazil METHODS: A cross-sectional and retrospective study was carried out using the medical records of 284 children under the age of five, from which socio-demographic, weight and height data were collected. In order to diagnose children's nutritional condition,the indicators weight/age, height/age and weight/height were used, from the cutoffpoint z-score, recommended by the WHO Global Database on Child Growth and Malnutrition. Descriptive statistics and the Chi-square test were used to analyse data, assessing the association of indicators, gender and age RESULTS: 8.8% of the children have deficits concerning height/age and 4.2% have deficits concerning weight/age; 8.1% and 7.4% are overweight concerning weight/age and weight/height; 4.6 % of the children under 2 years oldhave higher weight than the expected for their age and also for their height, and 7.8% of the children have low height for their age. The prevalence of weight deficit and excess in children observed in this study were similar to those found in other regions of Brazil CONCLUSION: The maintenance of the nutritional surveillance system is extremely important in order to detect risk groups and help plan effective measures to prevent and correct nutritional problems...

Os programas de transferência direta de renda, como o Bolsa Família têm a importante função de possibilitar que aspectos da vida cotidiana recebam o cuidado e importância necessários para a melhoria da qualidade de vida. Um deles diz respeito à alimentação e nutrição saudável OBJETIVO: o objetivo foi avaliar o estado nutricional em menores de cinco anos, cujas famílias são beneficiadas pelo programa "Bolsa-família" de uma cidade da região noroeste do estado de São Paulo MÉTODO: para tal, foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo e transversal com os prontuários de 284 crianças menores de cinco anos de idade, dos quais foram coletados dados sócio-demográficos, de peso e altura. Para o diagnóstico nutricional das crianças foram utilizados os indicadores Peso/Idade, Estatura/Idade e Peso/Estatura, a partir do ponto de corte por escore-z, recomendados pela WHO Global Database on Child Growth and Malnutrition. Para a análise dos dados foram utilizados os recursos da estatística descritiva e o teste de Qui-quadrado para verificar associação entre os indicadores, o sexo e a faixa etária RESULTADOS: do total de crianças 8,8% apresentam déficits no indicador estatura/idade e 4,2% no peso/idade; 8,1% e 7,4% excesso de peso na relação peso/idade e peso/estatura; 4,6% das crianças menores de 2 anos apresentaram peso elevado para idade e peso elevado para a estatura e 7,8% dessas crianças apresentaram baixa estatura para idade. A prevalência de déficit e excesso de peso população infantil observada neste trabalho foi semelhante às encontradas em outras regiões do Brasil CONCLUSÃO: é necessário a manutenção do sistema de vigilância nutricional capaz de detectar os grupos de risco e auxiliar na formulação de medidas eficientes para prevenção e correção dos problemas nutricionais...

Prevalência e fatores associados à capacidade funcional de idosos na Estratégia Saúde da Família em Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brasil / Prevalence and factors associated with the functional capacity of the elderly within the Family Health Strategy in the city of Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Objetivou-se mensurar o nível de capacidade funcional de idosos e suas associações, por meio de um estudo transversal com 516 residentes nas áreas circunscritas à Estratégia Saúde da Família no distrito de Grande Santos Reis, Montes Claros-MG. Foram aplicados dois questionários: um de características sociodemográficas, condições de moradia e percepção da própria situação econômica, e outro para a avaliação da capacidade funcional. Foram realizadas abordagens descritiva (frequências absoluta e relativa para variáveis categóricas, média e desvio-padrão para as contínuas) e analítica (teste de associação do qui-quadrado e regressão logística binária hierarquizada). Do total de idosos, 39,5% eram homens (70,4±7,1 anos) e 60,5% mulheres (69,1±6,9 anos); 63,4% com escolaridade de zero a dois anos; 85,7% tinham renda de até dois salários mínimos; 73,1% moravam com seus familiares; 33,9% apresentaram capacidade funcional não adequada, sendo 38,5% mulheres e 27,0% homens. A capacidade funcional não adequada foi associada às mulheres, ter mais que 70 anos de idade, renda de até dois salários mínimos e menor tempo de escolaridade. Há necessidade de direcionar a atenção à saúde do idoso, aliando o incentivo à pesquisa e às ações planejadas e direcionadas para melhorar as condições de saúde e qualidade de vida desse grupo.

This paper aimed to assess the functional capacity level of elderly people of the Family Health Strategy (FHS) and its associations. A cross-sectional study with 516 elderly residents living in the FHS surrounding area, in the district of Grande Santos Reis, Montes Claros city, Minas Gerais state, Brazil. Two questionnaires were applied: one of socio-demographic characteristics, living conditions and awareness of own economic situation; and the other assessed functional capacity. We performed descriptive (absolute and relative frequencies for categorical variables and mean and standard deviation) and analytical (test of association chi-square and binary logistic regression hierarchical) approaches. Of the total, 39.5% were men (70.4±7.1 years) and 60.5% women (69.1±6.9 years); 63.4% with schooling from zero to two years; 85.7% had income up two minimum wages; 73.1% lived with their families; 33.9% presented inadequate functional capacity (38.5% women and 27.0% men). The functional capacity of inadequacy was associated with women, having more than 70 years, income of up to two minimum wages and less schooling time. There is a need to direct attention to the health of the elderly, combining the promotion of research and actions planned and directed to improving the health and quality of life of this group.