Validation of the semi-structured interview, the FACE Risk Profile, in people with Serious Mental Illness.

People with Serious Mental Illness (SMI) could present risk behaviour that may lead to relapses. There are few instruments validated in our context to assess risk factors, but none takes into account several factors at the same time, and is specific for the risk of relapse. The objective of this work is to validate the Functional Analysis of Care Environments (FACE) Risk Profile into Spanish for people with SMI.

Social cognition interventions for persons with schizophrenia: evidence and clinical practice guidelines.

Although most of the research conducted up to now has shown that interventions in social cognition are effective in the rehabilitation of persons with schizophrenia, there are still no clinical practice recommendations on the topic. Their development could facilitate the clinical work, resource management and the care provided to persons with such a disorder. This article addresses this need and performs a systematic review of the identified high-quality scientific evidence and develops clinical practice recommendations. A total of 40 clinical trials and 1 meta-analysis evaluating the effects of social cognition interventions for persons with schizophrenia were selected for the present study. Taking into account the evidence available and its quality, the authors developed three clinical practice recommendations on the positive effects of these interventions. The analysis of the evidence of the quality of the studies shows that more randomized controlled trials with larger sample sizes and longer follow-ups are needed in order to establish more accurately the efficacy and effectiveness of social cognition interventions and therefore to favor the generalization of the results.

Measuring stages of recovery from psychosis.

BACKGROUND: Mental health consumers invite us to abandon the pathology model, which is tied to pessimism, and instead to embrace a model of personal recovery that goes beyond being free from symptoms, and involves self-management of the illness. The Stages of Recovery Instrument (STORI) is a measure developed from the perspective of consumers according to a conceptual five-stage model of recovery. AIMS: The main aim of this work was to study the psychometric properties of the STORI, but we also set out to compare the stages of recovery in our sample with the five-stage model in the sample with which the scale was developed. METHODS: Our sample consisted of 95 people diagnosed with schizophrenia-spectrum psychoses, with a mean age of 34.74 (SD=9.25). RESULTS: The STORI scores showed adequate psychometric properties in this sample. Cluster analysis indicated that the three-cluster model fitted the data better than the five-cluster model. Internal consistency of the STORI scores ranged between .83 and .87. STORI stages were associated with Recovery Styles Questionnaire scores. DISCUSSION: The results provide empirical validation of the STORI in other countries. Empirical evidence revealed that the stages of recovery found in our own and other clinical samples differ from those found in the samples with which the scale was developed.

Clinical case management for patients with schizophrenia with high care needs.

The aim of this study is to establish the effectiveness of a clinical case management (CM) programme compared to a standard treatment programme (STP) in patients with schizophrenia. Patients for the CM programme were consecutively selected among patients in the STP with schizophrenia who had poor functioning. Seventy-five patients were admitted to the CM programme and were matched to 75 patients in the STP. Patients were evaluated at baseline and at 1 year follow-up. At baseline, patients in the CM programme showed lower levels of clinical and psychosocial functioning and more care needs than patients in the STP. Both treatment programmes were effective in maintaining contact with services but the CM programme did not show advantages over the STP on outcomes. Differences between groups at baseline may be masking the effects of CM at one year follow-up. A longer follow-up may be required to evaluate the real CM practices effects.

Ten year outcomes of participants in the REACT (Randomised Evaluation of Assertive Community Treatment in North London) study.

BACKGROUND: A previous randomised controlled trial that investigated Assertive Community Treatment (ACT) in the UK (the REACT Study) found no clinical advantage over usual care delivered by Community Mental Health Teams (CMHTs) at 18 and 36 month follow-ups. No studies have investigated long term clinical and social outcomes for patients receiving ACT. METHOD: We investigated inpatient service use, social outcomes, service contact and adverse events for the 251 REACT study participants 10 years after randomisation through case note review. Data were analysed using regression models adjusted for original treatment group allocation and changes in treatment group. RESULTS: We found no statistically significant differences in outcomes by original treatment group over the 10 years. Those whose care remained with ACT, or transferred to ACT or forensic services, had more inpatient days over the 10 years (coefficient 223, 95% CI 83 to 363, p = 0.002) than those whose care remained with the CMHTs or were discharged to primary care. Being subject to a Community Treatment Order was associated with a greater chance of being under ACT at 10 year follow-up (OR 6.39, 95% CI 2.98 to 13.70, p <0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The ACT teams in this study showed no clinical advantage over usual care provided by CMHTs at 10 year follow-up. We also found that the ACT teams accrued patients from the original study sample who had more complex needs than those who remained with or transferred to the CMHTs or primary care during this period. Further well conducted trials are needed to identify the most cost-effective approaches to supporting successful community living and optimum long term outcomes for this group.

Evaluation of a group intervention based on Mindfulness in patients with anxiety and depression cared for in mental health community center: a quasy-experimental study.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness a group intervention based on Mindfulness in patients with anxiety and depression treated in a community mental health center. Secondarily, evaluate quality of life and adherence to the intervention. METHODS: Quasi-experimental study with evaluations pre-post intervention in people over 18 years of age treated at the Les Corts Adult Mental Health Center (AMHC), Barcelona, between March 2015 and December 2019. INCLUSION CRITERIA: (1) anxiety symptoms (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale >10 points); (2) sign informed consent. Variables collected: (1) anxiety; (2) depression (Beck Depression Inventory); (3) quality of life (EuroQoL) and (4) adherence to the intervention. The intervention (9 weekly sessions; 75min) was carried out by two nurses. Each group consisted of 10-15 patients. RESULTS: 128 patients were included, of which 103 were women with a mean age of 52.23 years (SD 12.78). Comparisons pre and post measures, its showed improvements in relation to anxiety, depressive symptoms and general quality of life (p<0.001) and in its dimensions of anxiety-depression (p=0.003). The mean number of sessions attended was 6.17 (SD 2.31), and they were statistically significant and positively correlated with an improvement in anxiety (p<0.001) and depressive symptoms (EQ-5D) (p=0.021). There were no differences between age groups. CONCLUSION: The group intervention based on Mindfulness improves anxiety and depressive symptoms, as well as the quality of life. This improvement in the symptomatology is associated to greater adherence to the intervention.

[Mental health literacy in spanish adolescents and its relationship with sociodemographic characteristics]. / Alfabetización en salud mental en adolescentes españoles y su relación con las características sociodemográficas.

OBJECTIVE: Different studies identify mental health literacy as a protective factor for developing a mental health problem. The aim of this paper was to determine the degree of mental health literacy of the adolescent population of Barcelona, and its relationship with socio-demographic and educational variables. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out in Barcelona during the 2017-2018 academic year. A total of 1,032 young people between thirteen and seventeen years of age participated. The following variables were collected: sex, age, nationality, socioeconomic status (RDHpc) and average school grade. The aim was to determine the degree of mental health literacy (knowledge, stigma and help-seeking) of the adolescent population of Barcelona, and its relationship with socio-demographic and educational variables. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed adjusting for the effect of sociodemographic variables on the score of each scale. RESULTS: The mean score (standard deviation) of the EMHL test was 7.28 (1.27) and 4.24 (1.14) respectively, with higher scores obtained by girls, high RDHpc, excellent score and Spanish nationality. The greatest difference in EMHL scores, adjusting for the rest of the variables, corresponded to adolescents with an excellent mean score and a high RDHpc index (with respect to the baseline category, beta=0.72 and 0.52 respectively). The mean stigma score was 27.6 (4.47) for CAMI and 8.83 (3.36) for RIBS. The variables related to a greater difference in score with respect to the baseline category and adjusted for the rest of the variables were: gender (boy=1.54) and academic grade (excellent=-2.38) for CAMI, and nationality (foreign=0.82) and academic grade (excellent=-1.30) for RIBS. The mean RIBS score was 8.83 (3.36) with the largest difference in score from baseline being foreign nationality (beta=0.82) and having a grade of excellent (1.30). Help-seeking was higher in parents and friends, with differences according to gender and nationality. CONCLUSIONS: The level of mental health literacy is medium-low. While gender, nationality and educational attainment are the factors that are related to knowledge and stigma, socio-economic status is only related to mental health literacy.

OBJECTIVE: Diferentes estudios identifican la alfabetización en salud y/o salud mental (ASM) como factores protectores contra el desarrollo de un problema de salud mental. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar el grado de alfabetización en salud mental de la población adolescente de Barcelona, así como su relación con variables sociodemográficas y educativas. METHODS: Se realizó un estudio transversal en Barcelona durante el curso 2017-2018. Participaron 1.032 jóvenes entre trece y diecisiete años. Se recogieron las siguientes variables: sexo; edad; nacionalidad; nivel socioeconómico (RDHpc); y nota media escolar. La ASM se midió mediante los test de conocimientos EMHL (reconocimiento de problemas mentales y conocimientos en salud mental; rango 0-10 cada parte), estigma (CAMI: rango 10-50, y RIBS: rango 4-20) y búsqueda de ayuda (GHSQ: rango de 1 a 7). Se realizó análisis de regresión lineal múltiple ajustando el efecto de variables sociodemográficas sobre la puntuación de cada escala. RESULTS: La puntuación media (desviación típica) del EMHL test fue de 7,28 (1,27) y 4,24 (1,14), respectivamente, obteniendo mayor puntuación las chicas, RDHpc altas, nota excelente y con nacionalidad española. La mayor diferencia de puntuación en EMHL, ajustando por el resto de variables, correspondió a los adolescentes con nota media excelente y con índice RDHpc elevado (respecto a la categoría basal, beta=0,72 y 0,52, respectivamente). La puntuación media del estigma fue 27,6 (4,47) para CAMI y 8,83 (3,36) para RIBS. Las variables relacionadas con una mayor diferencia de puntuación respecto a la categoría basal y ajustado por el resto de variables fueron: sexo (chico=1,54) y nota académica (excelente=-2,38) para CAMI, y nacionalidad (extranjera=0,82) y nota académica (excelente=-1,30) para RIBS. La puntuación media de RIBS fue 8,83 (3,36), siendo la mayor diferencia de puntuación respecto a la categoría basal la nacionalidad extranjera (beta=0,82) y tener una nota de excelente (1,30). La búsqueda de ayuda fue mayor en padres/madres y amigos, con diferencias según sexo y nacionalidad. CONCLUSIONS: El nivel de alfabetización de salud mental es medio-bajo. Mientras que género, nacionalidad y resultados académicos son los factores que se relacionan con conocimientos y estigma, el nivel socioeconómico se relaciona únicamente con conocimientos en salud mental.

Validation of the modified DUKE-UNC Functional Social Support Questionnaire in patients with schizophrenia.

PURPOSE: The modified DUKE-UNC Functional Social Support Questionnaire (FSSQ) is considered a psychometric instrument to assess the social support in patients with schizophrenia. However, it has not been validated in this patient population. This issue is addressed here by examining the tool's psychometric properties in a clinical sample of patients with schizophrenia. METHODS: Two hundred and forty-one patients from ten Adult Mental Health Centres (AMHC) meeting the following inclusion criteria were included: (1) International Classification of Diseases-10 (ICD-10) diagnosis of schizophrenia; (2) Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scores ≤50; (3) Illness duration of more than 2 years; and (4) Clinical stability. Patients were evaluated at baseline and at 1-year follow-up for clinical and psychosocial variables. RESULTS: The factor analysis revealed two factors that explained 54.15 % of the variance. Internal consistency was excellent for the total FSSQ (0.87 at baseline and 0.88 at 1 year follow-up) and ranged between adequate and excellent for FSSQ domains. Correlations between FSSQ scores and those of global functioning, psychiatric symptoms, disability and quality of life ranged between small and large. There were significant differences between groups of patients with schizophrenia in FSSQ scores. Patients with higher levels of somatic complaints and patients who were disabled scored significantly lower in some or all FSSQ scores. After 1-year follow-up, patients improved in overall functioning and there was a decrease in psychiatric symptoms. There were mainly small significant associations between changes in FSSQ scores from baseline to 1-year follow-up and changes in the rest of the test scores, and AMHC visits between baseline and 1-year follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The FSSQ scores are reliable and valid, which suggests that the instrument is appropriate for the assessment of perceived social support in patients with schizophrenia.

Considering variables for the assignment of patients with schizophrenia to a case management programme.

The elements and intensity of case management (CM) practices should be established according to patients' needs. Therefore, greater understanding of patients' needs in such community-based programmes is essential. This paper addresses this issue by characterizing two groups of patients receiving CM or a standard treatment programme (STP) and identifying the characteristics of patients receiving CM services. We recruited 241 patients with schizophrenia from 10 Adult Mental Health Centres in Barcelona (Catalonia, Spain). We analyzed the profile of new patients included in a clinical, non-intensive CM program against that of patients in a STP. CM patients, compared with STP patients, have a lower educational level and quality of life; greater use of health care services, and higher levels of psychiatric symptoms, disability and unmet needs. Community psychiatric visits, social services, education, physical health and needs were significantly associated with CM services. This study may help in identifying patients' needs and strengthening the CM programme.

The World Health Organization Short Disability Assessment Schedule: a validation study in patients with schizophrenia.

PURPOSE: The World Health Organization Short Disability Assessment Schedule (DAS-s) is used for patients with schizophrenia, although no validation is available. This manuscript addresses this issue by dealing with its psychometric properties in a clinical sample of patients with schizophrenia. METHODS: Two hundred forty-one patients from 10 Adult Mental Health Care Centers meeting the following inclusion criteria were included: (1) International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, diagnosis of schizophrenia; (2) Global Assessment of Functioning scores 50 or less; (3) illness duration of more than 2 years; and (4) clinical stability at assessment time. Patients were evaluated at baseline and at 1-year follow-up regarding disability, sociodemographic and clinical variables, psychosocial measures, and use of mental health services. RESULTS: The factor analysis revealed a single factor that explained 60.57% of the variance. Internal consistency values were appropriate for the DAS-s total (0.78 at baseline and 0.78 at 1-year follow-up). Correlations between DAS-s scores and those of global functioning, psychiatric symptoms, social support, and quality of life ranged between small and moderate (range, 0.13-0.39). There were significant differences between groups of patients with schizophrenia in the DAS-s. Patients who were unemployed, with lower global functioning, with cognitive impairment, and lacking social support scored significantly lower in DAS-s scores. After 1-year follow-up, there was a nonsignificant decrease in DAS-s scores; and patients improved significantly in overall functioning and psychiatric symptoms. DISCUSSION: This study shows that the DAS-s has good reliability and validity and suggests that it is suitable for the assessment of disability in patients with schizophrenia.

Effectiveness of Mental Health Literacy Programs in Primary and Secondary Schools: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.

In recent years, there has been an increase in studies evaluating the effectiveness of mental health literacy programs within the context of education as a universal, preventive intervention. A systematic review and meta-analysis regarding the effectiveness of mental health literacy interventions in schools, from 2013 to the present, on mental health knowledge, stigma, and help-seeking is conducted. Of the 795 identified references, 15 studies met the inclusion criteria. Mental health knowledge increased after the interventions (standardized mean difference: SMD = 0.61; 95% CI (0.05, 0.74)), at two months (SMD = 0.60; 95% CI (0.4, 1.07)) and six months (SMD = 0.39; 95% CI (0.27, 0.51)). No significant differences were observed between stigma and improving help-seeking. Mental health literacy interventions are effective in augmenting mental health knowledge, but not in reducing stigma or improving help-seeking behavior.

The relationship between jumping to conclusions and social cognition in first-episode psychosis.

Jumping to conclusions (JTC) and impaired social cognition (SC) affect the decoding, processing, and use of social information by people with psychosis. However, the relationship between them had not been deeply explored within psychosis in general, and in first-episode psychosis (FEP) in particular. Our aim was to study the relationship between JTC and SC in a sample with FEP. We conducted a cross-sectional study with 121 patients with FEP, with measures to assess JTC (easy, hard, and salient probability tasks) and SC (emotional recognition, attributional style, and theory of mind). We performed Student's t-test and logistic regression in order to analyse these associations.We found a statistically significant and consistent relationship of small-moderate effect size between JTC (all three tasks) and impaired emotional recognition. Also, our results suggest a relationship between JTC and internal attributions for negative events. Relationships between JTC and theory of mind were not found. These results highlight the importance of psychological treatments oriented to work on a hasty reasoning style and on improving processing of social information linked to emotional recognition and single-cause attributions.

The World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale Brief Version: a validation study in patients with schizophrenia.

PURPOSE: The World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF) is used for patients with schizophrenia although no validation is available. This work addresses this issue by dealing with its psychometric properties in a clinical sample of patients with schizophrenia. METHODS: Two hundred forty-one patients from 10 Adult Mental Health Care Centers (AMHCC) meeting the following inclusion criteria were included: (1) International Classification of Diseases-10 or ICD-10 diagnosis of schizophrenia, (2) Global Assessment of Functioning scores or GAF ≤ 50, 3) Illness duration of more than 2 years and (4) Clinical stability at assessment time. Patients were evaluated at baseline and at one-year follow-up regarding quality of life (QOL), clinical variables and other psychosocial measures. RESULTS: Internal consistency was excellent for the total WHOQOL-BREF (0.88 at baseline and 0.89 at follow-up) and adequate (0.65-0.78 at baseline; 0.66-0.79 at one-year follow-up) for the WHOQOL-BREF domains. Correlations between WHOQOL-BREF scores and those of global functioning, psychiatric symptoms, disability and social support ranged between small and large. There were significant differences between groups of patients with schizophrenia in the WHOQOL-BREF. Patients who were anxious, disabled, lacked social support and used more social services scored significantly lower in some or all WHOQOL-BREF domains. Changes in WHOQOL-BREF scores were positively associated with changes over time in global functioning, social support and use of health services, and negatively with psychiatric symptoms and disability (correlation coefficients between small and moderate). After one-year follow-up, patients improved in overall functioning and there was a decrease in psychiatric symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that the WHOQOL-BREF has good reliability and validity, and suggests that it is suitable for the assessment of QOL in patients with schizophrenia.

[Literacy programs for the promotion of mental health in the school setting. SESPAS Report 2020]. / Programas de alfabetización para la promoción de la salud mental en el ámbito escolar. Informe SESPAS 2020.

The World Health Organization emphasizes the importance of developing programs of mental health promotion and prevention to ensure the wellbeing of young people. Mental health literacy in schools is an example of universal prevention intervention. The objective of this article is to conduct a systematic review of the mental health literacy interventions in the educational setting that are being carried out at the international level and to describe and evaluate, as well, an experience at the local level. A search has been carried out in PubMed to identify experimental studies on mental health literacy interventions in the educational setting including primary and/or secondary. Out of 245 references identified, 13 experimental studies were included in the review and its quality was assessed. Results show that these programs increase mental health knowledge, improve help-seeking and reduce stigma behavior. In Barcelona, the Espaijove.net mental health literacy program has been running since 2008. In the last seven school courses (2012-2019) workshops have been provided to 24,118 secondary school students, of whom 11,678 completed a post-workshop satisfaction questionnaire. The results show that the program has been interesting, useful, has resolved students' doubts and that they would recommend it to other students, and a better reception by the girls.

Alfabetización en salud mental en adolescentes españoles y su relación con las características sociodemográficas / Mental health literacy in spanish adolescents and its relationship with sociodemographic characteristics

Fundamentos: diferentes estudios identifican la alfabetización en salud y/o salud mental (asm) como factores protectores contra el desarrollo de un problema de salud mental. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar el grado de alfabetización en salud mental de la población adolescente de barcelona, así como su relación con variables sociodemográficas y educativas.métodos: se realizó un estudio transversal en barcelona durante el curso 2017-2018. Participaron 1.032 jóvenes entre trece y diecisiete años. Se recogieron las siguientes variables: sexo; edad; nacionalidad; nivel socioeconómico (rdhpc); y nota media escolar. La asm se midió mediante los test de conocimientos emhl (reconocimiento de problemas mentales y conocimientos en salud mental; rango 0-10 cada parte), estigma (cami: rango 10-50, y ribs: rango 4-20) y búsqueda de ayuda (ghsq: rango de 1 a 7). Se realizó análisis de regresión lineal múltiple ajustando el efecto de variables sociodemográficas sobre la puntuación de cada escala.resultados: la puntuación media (desviación típica) del emhl test fue de 7,28 (1,27) y 4,24 (1,14), respectivamente, obteniendo mayor pun-tuación las chicas, rdhpc altas, nota excelente y con nacionalidad española. La mayor diferencia de puntuación en emhl, ajustando por el resto de variables, correspondió a los adolescentes con nota media excelente y con índice rdhpc elevado (respecto a la categoría basal, beta=0,72 y 0,52, respectivamente). La puntuación media del estigma fue 27,6 (4,47) para cami y 8,83 (3,36) para ribs. Las variables relacionadas con una mayor diferencia de puntuación respecto a la categoría basal y ajustado por el resto de variables fueron: sexo (chico=1,54) y nota académica (excelente=-2,38) para cami, y nacionalidad (extranjera=0,82) y nota académica (excelente=-1,30) para ribs. La puntuación media de ribs fue 8,83 (3,36), siendo la mayor diferencia de puntuación respecto a la categoría basal la nacionalidad extranjera (beta=0,82) y tener una nota de excelente (1,30). La búsqueda de ayuda fue mayor en padres/madres y amigos, con diferencias según sexo y nacionalidad.conclusiones: el nivel de alfabetización de salud mental es medio-bajo. Mientras que género, nacionalidad y resultados académicos son los factores que se relacionan con conocimientos y estigma, el nivel socioeconómico se relaciona únicamente con conocimientos en salud mental.(AU)

Background: different studies identify mental health literacy as a protective factor for developing a mental health problem. The aim of this paper was to determine the degree of mental health literacy of the adolescent population of barcelona, and its relationship with socio-de-mographic and educational variables.methods: a cross-sectional study was carried out in barcelona during the 2017-2018 academic year. A total of 1,032 young people between thirteen and seventeen years of age participated. The following variables were collected: sex, age, nationality, socioeconomic status (rdhpc) and average school grade. The aim was to determine the degree of mental health literacy (knowledge, stigma and help-seeking) of the adolescent population of barcelona, and its relationship with socio-demographic and educational variables. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed adjusting for the effect of sociodemographic variables on the score of each scale.results: the mean score (standard deviation) of the emhl test was 7.28 (1.27) and 4.24 (1.14) respectively, with higher scores obtained by girls, high rdhpc, excellent score and spanish nationality. The greatest difference in emhl scores, adjusting for the rest of the variables, corresponded to adolescents with an excellent mean score and a high rdhpc index (with respect to the baseline category, beta=0.72 and 0.52 respectively). The mean stigma score was 27.6 (4.47) for cami and 8.83 (3.36) for ribs. The variables related to a greater difference in score with respect to the baseline category and adjusted for the rest of the variables were: gender (boy=1.54) and academic grade (excellent=-2.38) for cami, and nationality (foreign=0.82) and academic grade (excellent=-1.30) for ribs. The mean ribs score was 8.83 (3.36) with the largest difference in score from baseline being foreign nationality (beta=0.82) and having a grade of excellent (1.30). Help-seeking was higher in parents and friends, with differences according to gender and nationality.conclusions: the level of mental health literacy is medium-low. While gender, nationality and educational attainment are the factors that are related to knowledge and stigma, socio-economic status is only related to mental health literacy.(AU)

Validación de la entrevista semiestructurada FACE Risk Profile enpersonas con Trastorno Mental Grave / Validation of the semi-structured interview, the FACE Risk Profile, in people with Serious Mental Illness

Introducción: Las personas con Trastorno Mental Grave(TMG) pueden presentar conductas de riesgo que pueden darlugar a recaídas. Hay pocos instrumentos validados en nuestro contexto para valorar factores de riesgo y ninguno quetenga en cuenta diversos factores al mismo tiempo y sea específico para valorar el riesgo de recaída. El objetivo de estetrabajo es la validación en español de la Functional Analysisof Care Environments o FACE Risk Profile en personas conTMG.Metodología. La muestra se compone de 69 participantes con TMG. En la primera evaluación se administró uncuestionario sociodemográfico, la FACE Risk Profile e instrumentos psicométricos de valoración clínica y psicosocial.En una segunda evaluación, se volvió a administrar la FACERisk Profile.Resultados. La FACE Risk Profile presenta una consistencia interna adecuada, buena fiabilidad test-retest y adecuada validez concurrente y discriminante. El acuerdo interevaluadores es muy bueno.Conclusiones. La FACE Risk Profile en un instrumento útily válido para la valoración del riesgo en personas con TMG. (AU)

Introduction: People with Serious Mental Illness (SMI)can present risk behaviour that can lead to relapses. Thereare few instruments validated in our context to assess riskfactors, but none takes into account several factors at thesame time, and is specific for the risk of relapse. The objective of this work is to validate the Functional Analysis ofCare Environments (FACE) Risk Profile into Spanish for people with SMI.Methods. The sample consisted of 69 participants withSMI. The first evaluation was administered using a sociodemographic questionnaire, the FACE Risk Profile and psychometric instruments for clinical and psychosocial assessment.For the second evaluation, the FACE Risk Profile was re-administered.Results. The FACE Risk Profile shows adequate internalconsistency, good test-retest reliability and adequate concurrent and discriminant validity. The inter-rater agreementis very good.Conclusions. The FACE Risk Profile is a useful and validinstrument for risk assessment in people with SMI. (AU)

Programas de alfabetización para la promoción de la salud mental en el ámbito escolar. Informe SESPAS 2020 / Literacy programs for the promotion of mental health in the school setting. SESPAS Report 2020

La Organización Mundial de la Salud señala la importancia del desarrollo de programas de promoción y prevención de la salud mental como aspecto clave para ayudar al bienestar de los/las jóvenes. La alfabetización en salud mental en centros educativos es un ejemplo de intervención de prevención universal. El objetivo de este artículo es realizar una revisión sistemática sobre las intervenciones de alfabetización en salud mental en el ámbito educativo que se están llevando cabo en diferentes países, y describir y evaluar un programa local de alfabetización en salud mental. Se ha llevado a cabo una búsqueda en PubMed para identificar estudios experimentales sobre intervenciones de alfabetización en salud mental en el ámbito educativo en primaria y secundaria. De las 245 referencias identificadas, se han incluido en la revisión 13 estudios experimentales y se ha evaluado su calidad. Los resultados muestran que estos programas incrementan los conocimientos en salud mental, mejoran las conductas de búsqueda de ayuda y reducen las conductas de estigma. En Barcelona, desde 2008 se está desarrollando el programa de alfabetización en salud mental Espaijove.net. Durante los últimos siete cursos escolares (2012-2019) se ha proporcionado formación a 24.118 estudiantes de secundaria, de los cuales 11.678 cumplimentaron un cuestionario de satisfacción tras la realización del taller. Los resultados muestran que el programa ha sido interesante y útil, ha resuelto las dudas de los/las estudiantes y lo recomendarían a otros/las estudiantes. Se observa una mejor acogida por parte de las chicas

The World Health Organization emphasizes the importance of developing programs of mental health promotion and prevention to ensure the wellbeing of young people. Mental health literacy in schools is an example of universal prevention intervention. The objective of this article is to conduct a systematic review of the mental health literacy interventions in the educational setting that are being carried out at the international level and to describe and evaluate, as well, an experience at the local level. A search has been carried out in PubMed to identify experimental studies on mental health literacy interventions in the educational setting including primary and/or secondary. Out of 245 references identified, 13 experimental studies were included in the review and its quality was assessed. Results show that these programs increase mental health knowledge, improve help-seeking and reduce stigma behavior. In Barcelona, the Espaijove.net mental health literacy program has been running since 2008. In the last seven school courses (2012-2019) workshops have been provided to 24,118 secondary school students, of whom 11,678 completed a post-workshop satisfaction questionnaire. The results show that the program has been interesting, useful, has resolved students' doubts and that they would recommend it to other students, and a better reception by the girls

Evaluación de una intervención grupal basada en mindfulness en pacientes con ansiedad y depresión atendidos en un centro comunitario de salud mental: estudio cuasi experimental / Evaluation of a group intervention based on Mindfulness in patients with anxiety and depression cared for in mental health community center: a quasy-experimental study

Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad de una intervención grupal basada en mindfulness en pacientes con ansiedad y depresión atendidos en un centro de salud mental comunitario. Secundariamente, valorar la calidad de vida y la adherencia a la intervención. Método: Estudio cuasi experimental con evaluaciones pre y postintervención llevado a cabo entre marzo de 2015 y diciembre de 2019 en personas mayores de 18 años atendidas en el Centro de Salud Mental de Adultos (CSMA) de Les Corts, Barcelona. Como criterios de inclusión se tomaron en cuenta: 1) sintomatología de ansiedad (Escala de Ansiedad de Hamilton [HARS] > 10 puntos) y 2) firma de consentimiento informado. Las variables recogidas fueron 1) ansiedad, 2) depresión (Inventario de Depresión de Beck [BDI]), 3) calidad de vida (EuroQoL [EQ-5D]) y 4) adherencia a la intervención. La intervención fue de nueve sesiones semanales de 75 min y fue realizada por dos enfermeras. Cada grupo estaba formado por 10-15 pacientes. Resultados: Un total de 128 usuarios fueron incluidos, de los cuales 103 eran mujeres con una edad media de 52,23 (desviación estándar [DE] 12,78). Al comparar medidas pre y post, se observaron mejoras en relación con la sintomatología ansiosa, depresiva y la calidad de vida general (p<0,001) y sus dimensiones de ansiedad-depresión (EQ-5D) (p=0,003). La media de sesiones asistidas fue de 6,17 (DE 2,31) y estaban correlacionadas de forma estadísticamente significativa y positiva con una mejora de la sintomatología ansiosa (p<0,001) y depresiva (p=0,021). No se observaron diferencias entre grupos de edad. Conclusiones: La intervención grupal basada en mindfulness mejora la sintomatología ansiosa y depresiva, así como la calidad de vida. Esto se asocia con una mayor adherencia a la intervención.(AU)

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a group intervention based on Mindfulness in patients with anxiety and depression treated in a community mental health center. Secondarily, to evaluate quality of life and adherence to the intervention. Methods: Quasi-experimental study with evaluations pre-post intervention in people over 18 years of age treated at the Les Corts Adult Mental Health Center (AMHC), Barcelona, between March 2015 and December 2019. Inclusion criteria: 1) anxiety symptoms (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale > 10 points); 2) sign informed consent. Variables collected: 1) anxiety; 2) depression (Beck Depression Inventory); 3) quality of life (EuroQoL [EQ-5D]) and 4) adherence to the intervention. The intervention (9 weekly sessions; 75 minutes) was carried out by two nurses. Each group consisted of 10-15 patients. Results: 128 patients were included, of which 103 were women with a mean age of 52.23 years (SD 12.78). Comparisons pre and post measures, its showed improvements in relation to anxiety, depressive symptoms and general quality of life (p<0.001) and in its dimensions of anxiety-depression (EQ-5D) (p=0.003). The mean number of sessions attended was 6.17 (SD 2.31), and they were statistically significant and positively correlated with an improvement in anxiety (p<0.001) and depressive symptoms (p=0.021). There were no differences between age groups. Conclusion: The intervention group based on Mindfulness improves anxiety and depressive symptoms, as well as the quality of life. This improvement in the symptomatology is associated with a greater adherence to the intervention.(AU)

Evaluación del Plan de Servicios Individualizado tras diez años de funcionamiento en dos distritos de Barcelona / Evaluation of the Individualized Services Plan after ten years of functioning in two districts of Barcelona

El objetivo de este trabajo es valorar la efectividad del Plan de Servicios individualizado (PSI) tras sus primeros 10 años de funcionamiento. Se trata de un estudio retrospectivo sobre la efectividad del programa teniendo en cuenta variables clínicas, psicosociales y de utilización de servicios. Se realizan comparaciones de estas variables en el momento en que las personas entran y salen del programa. El PSI se muestra efectivo en las medidas de funcionamiento clínico y psicosocial, y se observa una disminución significativa de ingresos hospitalarios. La mayoría de personas atendidas mantuvo continuidad de su atención al alta. Además, se realiza una comparativa entre los primeros 5 años de funcionamiento del programa frente a los 5 siguientes en la que se observa únicamente una disminución de la intensidad de la intervención. Finalmente, se realiza un estudio de la relación entre variables consideradas importantes. En general, el PSI se muestra efectivo en la atención a las personas con trastorno mental grave de larga evolución y con dificultades de vinculación a los servicios

The objective of this work is to assess the effectiveness of the Individualized Service Plan (PSI) after 10 years of functioning. It is a retrospective study that takes into account clinical, psychosocial and variables related to use of services. Comparisons of these variables between the time people enter and leave the program are made. PSI is effective in measures of clinical and psychosocial functioning, and a significant decrease in hospitalization is observed. The majority of people received continuity of care after discharge. In addition, the comparison between the first 5 years of operation of the program and the following 5 years yielded only a decrease in the intensity of the intervention. Finally, a study of the relationship between variables considered important is carried out. Overall, the PSI is effective in the care of patients with long-term severe mental illness and with difficulties in maintaining contact with services