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1.
J Oral Maxillofac Surg ; 76(2): 426-435, 2018 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28822721

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To determine the postural characteristics of patients with Class III dentofacial deformities before orthognathic surgery by photogrammetry using SAPO postural assessment software. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study. Eligible participants were adult patients who had an indication for orthognathic surgery to correct skeletal Class III dentofacial deformities and were undergoing orthodontic preparation for surgery. Patients were recruited at the outpatient clinic for dentofacial deformities of the authors' institution from March to November 2015. Postural assessment was performed by photogrammetry based on anterior, posterior, and lateral images, which were analyzed using SAPO software. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 40 patients with a mean age of 28.7 years; 55% were men. Postural changes were found in most anatomic structures, and the main changes were anterior displacement of the center of gravity (sagittal plane asymmetry, 43.77%) and a tendency to left lateral deviation (frontal plane asymmetry, -3.89%). The anterior view showed a pattern of head tilt to the left (measured value minus reference value [Δ], -0.22), elevation of the left acromion (Δ, 2.31), elevation of the right anterior superior iliac spine (Δ, -0.56), right knee with genu varum (Δ, 1.25), and left knee with genu valgum (Δ, -1.55). The posterior view displayed scapular asymmetry with abduction of the right scapula (Δ, 7.54) and valgus foot deformity (Δright, 8.35; Δleft, 11.60). The lateral view depicted decreased cervical lordosis (Δright, 22.63; Δleft, 19.98), pelvic anteversion (Δright, -0.56; Δleft, -0.26), and genu flexum at the right (Δ, 6.85) and left (Δ, 4.40) knees. Twenty-seven patients (67.5%) reported temporomandibular joint pain. CONCLUSIONS: Postural assessment by photogrammetry showed that most anatomic structures were outside the normal range in patients with skeletal Class III dentofacial deformities before orthognathic surgery. These results suggest that dentofacial abnormalities can lead to postural disorders in this population.


Assuntos
Má Oclusão Classe III de Angle/fisiopatologia , Postura/fisiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Ortognáticos , Fotogrametria , Software
2.
J Craniofac Surg ; 29(6): e598-e603, 2018 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29877980

RESUMO

The purpose of this study was to evaluate cervical lordosis and head posture changes using lateral cephalographs after bimaxillary orthognathic surgery for mandibular prognatism by null hypothesis. Twenty-five patients with skeletal class III dentofacial deformities (10 men, 15 women; mean age, 29.28 ±â€Š8.23 years; range 18-48 years) were included in this prospective clinical study. Lateral cephalographs were taken in natural head position (NHP) 2 weeks before and 6 months after orthognathic surgery. The reproducibility of the radiographer's technique of taking radiographs in NHP was investigated using a photographic method and found to be acceptable. All measurements for cervical lordosis (CV1/CV2; CV3/CV7; CV1/CV7), head posture (NSL/OPT; NSL/VER), and other cephalometric values (NSL/Go-Gn; NSL/OCL; Overjet) were repeated 3 times by the same blinded investigator at 2-week intervals and the average values of the 3 measurements were calculated to use in statistical analysis. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) ranged between 0.996 and 1.000, demonstrating a high reliability of the measures. Statistically significant differences were found for CV3/CV7 (P = 0.006) and CV1/CV7 (P = 0.005) and no significant differences were identified in head posture for both cranio-cervical and cranio-vertical angles. The null hypothesis was rejected. Orthognathic surgery resulted in significant cervical lordosis extension, and a tendency for head extension could also be observed.


Assuntos
Lordose/cirurgia , Cirurgia Ortognática/métodos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Ortognáticos/métodos , Adolescente , Adulto , Cefalometria/métodos , Vértebras Cervicais , Feminino , Humanos , Lordose/diagnóstico , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Período Pós-Operatório , Postura , Estudos Prospectivos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Adulto Jovem
3.
J Pediatr ; 166(3): 710-6.e2, 2015 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25596097

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate postural changes and the distribution of plantar pressures in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). We also sought to evaluate the effects of an educational guideline for physical activity on body posture in children and adolescents with CF. STUDY DESIGN: This was a 2-phase study of individuals between age 7 and 20 years. Phase I was a cross-sectional study in which healthy subjects were selected for postural evaluation and baropodometry, aiming to perform a later comparison with patients with CF. In phase II, we performed a randomized controlled clinical trial to assess the influence of the exercise guideline on the postural changes. Patients were assigned to 2 groups: control and intervention. The intervention consisted of a handbook with instructions for aerobic exercise and stretching. Main outcomes were postural abnormalities, plantar pressure distribution, and lung function. RESULTS: In phase I, 34 patients with CF and 34 healthy matched individuals were included. No significant baseline differences were identified. Children with CF presented more postural deviations compared with healthy subjects (P < .05), as to alignment of the head, shoulder girdle, and pelvis, increased cervical lordosis, and lateral chest distance. In phase II (n = 34), there were no baseline differences between groups. The intervention caused (P < .05) a decrease in cervical lordosis, thoracic kyphosis, lumbar lordosis, lateral chest distance, and abdominal protrusion, as well as in the baropodometric mean pressure and contact area. CONCLUSIONS: Children and adolescents with CF present postural changes when compared with healthy individuals. The educational guideline for exercise practice helped to improve posture, preventing the progression of some postural disorders.


Assuntos
Fibrose Cística/reabilitação , Terapia por Exercício/métodos , Exercício Físico/fisiologia , Atividade Motora/fisiologia , Postura/fisiologia , Adolescente , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Fibrose Cística/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto Jovem
4.
Lasers Surg Med ; 47(9): 765-72, 2015 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26414998

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: As the population ages, osteometabolic diseases and osteoporotic fractures emerge, resulting in substantial healthcare resource utilization and impaired quality of life. Many types of mechanical stimulation have the potential of being recognized by bone cells after a mechanical sign is transformed into a biological one (a process called mechanotransduction). The therapeutic ultrasound (TU) is one of several resources capable of promoting bone cell mechanical stimulation. Therefore, the main purpose of present study was to evaluate the effect of TU on the proliferation of pre-osteoblasts using in vitro bioassays. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblast lineage cells kept in Alpha medium. Cells were treated using pulsed mode therapeutic ultrasound, with frequency of 1 MHz, intensity of 0.2 W/cm(2) (SATA), duty cycle of 20%, for 30 minutes. Nifedipine and rapamycin were used to further investigate the role of L-type Ca(2+) channels and mTOR pathway. Intracellular calcium, TGF-ß1, magnesium, and the mRNA levels of osteopontin, osteonectin, NF-κB1, p38α were evaluated. RESULTS: The results show that TU stimulates the growth of MC3T3-E1 cells and decreases the supernatant calcium and magnesium content. Also, it increases intracellular calcium, activates NF-κB1 and mTOR complex via p38α. Moreover, TU promoted a decrease in the TGF-ß1 synthesis, which is a cell growth inhibitor. CONCLUSIONS: Therapeutic ultrasound, with frequency of 1 MHz, intensity of 0.2 W/cm(2) (SATA) and pulsed mode, for 30 minutes, was able to increase the proliferation of preosteoblast-like bone cells. This effect was mediated by a calcium influx, with a consequent activation of the mTOR pathway, through increased NF-κB1 and p38α.


Assuntos
Proliferação de Células/efeitos da radiação , Proteína Quinase 14 Ativada por Mitógeno/fisiologia , NF-kappa B/fisiologia , Osteoblastos/efeitos da radiação , Serina-Treonina Quinases TOR/fisiologia , Terapia por Ultrassom , Células 3T3 , Animais , Técnicas de Cultura de Células , Diferenciação Celular , Camundongos , Osteoblastos/metabolismo , Osteoblastos/patologia
5.
An Acad Bras Cienc ; 87(2 Suppl): 1397-408, 2015 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26247152

RESUMO

Several studies have investigated the antinociceptive, immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties of compounds found in the lavender essential oil (LEO), however to date, there is still lack of substantial data. The objective of this study was to assess the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects of lavender essential oil. The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical decolorization assay was used for antioxidant activity evaluation. The anti-inflammatory activity was tested using two models of acute inflammation: carrageenan-induced pleurisy and croton oil-induced ear edema. The antinociceptive activity was tested using the pain model induced by formalin. LEO has antioxidant activity, which is dose-dependent response. The inflammatory response evoked by carrageenan and by croton oil was reduced through the pre-treatment of animals with LEO. In the pleurisy model, the drug used as positive control, dexamethasone, was more efficacious. However, in the ear swelling, the antiedematogenic effect of the oil was similar to that observed for dexamethasone. In the formalin test, LEO consistently inhibited spontaneous nociception and presented a similar effect to that of tramadol. The results of this study reveal (in vivo) the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of LEO and demonstrates its important therapeutic potential.


Assuntos
Analgésicos/uso terapêutico , Anti-Inflamatórios/uso terapêutico , Antioxidantes/uso terapêutico , Edema/tratamento farmacológico , Óleos Voláteis/uso terapêutico , Dor/tratamento farmacológico , Óleos de Plantas/uso terapêutico , Analgésicos/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios/isolamento & purificação , Antioxidantes/isolamento & purificação , Carragenina , Óleo de Cróton , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Edema/induzido quimicamente , Feminino , Lavandula , Dor/induzido quimicamente , Medição da Dor , Ratos , Ratos Wistar
6.
Toxicon ; 237: 107560, 2024 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38092194

RESUMO

Baccharis anomala DC. (BA) is a plant species found in the tropical regions of South America and is widely used for its hepatoprotective effects, as well as for the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases. Studies have recently reported its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential. BA extract can reverse the activated phenotype of hepatic stellate cells (HSC), which plays a central role in extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition in the development of liver fibrosis. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of the treatment with BA extract on liver fibrosis in a CCl4-induced liver fibrosis model in BALB/c mice. Methanolic extract was obtained from BA leaves, a gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) to detect the compounds present was performed, and then administered by intraperitoneal injection in Balb/C mice at a concentration of 50 and 100 mg/kg together with the administration of CCl4 for inducing liver fibrosis. After 10 weeks, blood analysis, histopathology, oxidative stress, as well as protein and gene expression in the hepatic tissue were performed. Treatment with BA extract was able to reduce profibrotic markers by reducing the expression of α-SMA and Col-1 proteins, as well as reducing the formation of free radicals and lipid peroxidation. (BA extract showed anti-inflammatory effects in the liver by suppressing NF-kB activation and reducing gene expression of signaling targets (IL-6 and iNOS). The data obtained showed that BA extract has antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects.


Assuntos
Baccharis , NF-kappa B , Camundongos , Animais , NF-kappa B/metabolismo , Baccharis/metabolismo , Cirrose Hepática/induzido quimicamente , Cirrose Hepática/tratamento farmacológico , Cirrose Hepática/patologia , Fígado , Inflamação/metabolismo , Matriz Extracelular/metabolismo , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Anti-Inflamatórios/uso terapêutico
7.
J Ethnopharmacol ; 303: 116056, 2023 Mar 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36535332

RESUMO

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: The chosen plant and its extracts have been an alternative in the treatment of several inflammatory and oxidant diseases, and is therefore a viable option for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis. AIM OF THE STUDY: This study aimed to use Moquiniastrum polymorphum subsp. polymorphum, mainly the ethanolic extract and fractions, in the treatment of hepatic fibrosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Extracts were prepared from dried leaves in 100% ethanol (ET) and fractionated with an increased polarity solvent (dichloromethane to methanol). The quantification of compounds in the extracts was characterized by GCMS. The decrease in cell proliferation and the cytotoxicity of the extracts were evaluated together with the mechanisms of apoptosis and autophagy. The expression of genes associated with decreased fibrosis and cell cycle control was assessed and the production of lipid droplets was quantified by Oil Red O staining. RESULTS: The experiments showed that treatment with ET and fraction 1 (F1) inhibited the expression of CDKIs (CCDN1, CDK2, CDK4 and CDK6) through an increase in p27, related to an increase in autophagic vesicles. The extract and F1 were able to decrease proliferation and revert the activated state of GRX cells to their quiescent state. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that extracts obtained from Moquiniastrum polymorphum subsp. polymorphum have a potential therapeutic effect against liver fibrosis.


Assuntos
Células Estreladas do Fígado , Cirrose Hepática , Humanos , Pontos de Checagem do Ciclo Celular , Proliferação de Células , Cirrose Hepática/tratamento farmacológico , Cirrose Hepática/metabolismo , Fibrose , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/metabolismo , Apoptose
8.
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol ; 396(5): 925-937, 2023 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36520165

RESUMO

Coumaric acid is a phenolic compound found in medicinal plants. Its use has been reported in the treatment of inflammatory diseases, prevention of alterations induced by oxidative stress, as well as acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity. Thus, this study evaluated coumaric acid as a potential treatment for liver fibrosis. Cell proliferation was assessed by the trypan blue exclusion technique and the cytotoxicity of coumaric acid was performed using an LDH assay. Mechanisms of cell apoptosis were evaluated by flow cytometry. The expression of genes associated with apoptosis, cell cycle control, and fibrosis was assessed by qPCR. The production of lipid droplets was quantified by oil red staining. The experiments performed showed that the treatment with coumaric acid was able to reduce cell proliferation without causing cell cytotoxicity or apoptosis. Coumaric acid was able to inhibit the expression of cyclin D1 and CDK's (CDK2, CDK4, and CDK6), increasing p53 and p21, which could lead to cell cycle arrest. Treatment with coumaric acid was also able to revert the activated phenotype of GRX cells to their quiescent state. Thus, our results suggest that coumaric acid has a potential therapeutic effect against liver fibrosis.


Assuntos
Ácidos Cumáricos , Proteína Supressora de Tumor p53 , Humanos , Inibidor de Quinase Dependente de Ciclina p21/metabolismo , Ácidos Cumáricos/farmacologia , Proteína Supressora de Tumor p53/genética , Células Estreladas do Fígado , Proliferação de Células , Apoptose , Cirrose Hepática/tratamento farmacológico
9.
Stroke Res Treat ; 2023: 5080699, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37275507

RESUMO

Background: Stroke is a widespread and complex health issue, with many survivors requiring long-term rehabilitation due to upper-limb impairment. This study is aimed at comparing the perceived usability of two feedback-based stroke therapies: conventional mirror therapy (MT) and immersive virtual reality mirror therapy (VR). Methods: The study involved 45 participants, divided into three groups: the stroke survivors (n = 15), stroke-free older adults (n = 15), and young controls (n = 15). Participants performed two tasks using both MT and VR in a semirandom sequence. Usability instruments (SUS and NASA-TLX) were applied at the end of the activities, along with two experience-related questions. Results: The results indicated that both MT and VR had similar levels of perceived usability, with MT being more adaptable and causing less overall discomfort. Conversely, VR increased the perception of task difficulty and prevented participants from diverting their attention from the mirror-based feedback. Conclusion: While VR was found to be less comfortable than MT, both systems exhibited similar perceived usability. The comfort levels of the goggles may play a crucial role in determining the usability of VR for upper limb rehabilitation after stroke.

10.
Respir Physiol Neurobiol ; 309: 104002, 2023 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36566004

RESUMO

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a disease of high prevalence and is characterized by the excessive production of inflammatory mediators in the lungs of people sick. Inflammation is the major characteristic of ALI and studies report that inhibition of inflammatory cytokines could be an alternative treatment. Statins such as Simvastatin (SV) are known to their use for cholesterol reduction but also for inflammatory and immunoregulatory processes. In this study, we evaluated the effects of SV on LPS-induced alveolar macrophages and in ALI mice model. Our study has demonstrated the protective effects of SV on LPS-activated alveolar macrophages RAW 264.7 and LPS-induced ALI in mice. SV treatment significantly inhibited the alveolar macrophages activation by decreasing the iNOS, IL-1ß, and IL-6 gene expression in vitro and in vivo. The treatment also decreased the inflammatory cells migration and the cytokines gene expression. Our findings suggest that SV can act as an anti-inflammatory agent for acute lung injury.


Assuntos
Lesão Pulmonar Aguda , Lipopolissacarídeos , Animais , Camundongos , Lipopolissacarídeos/toxicidade , Lipopolissacarídeos/metabolismo , Sinvastatina/efeitos adversos , Lesão Pulmonar Aguda/induzido quimicamente , Lesão Pulmonar Aguda/tratamento farmacológico , Lesão Pulmonar Aguda/metabolismo , Pulmão/metabolismo , Citocinas/metabolismo
11.
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol ; 396(12): 3857-3866, 2023 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37358795

RESUMO

In pulmonary fibrosis, the proliferation of fibroblasts and their differentiation into myofibroblasts is often caused by tissue damage, such as oxidative damage caused by reactive oxygen species, which leads to progressive rupture and thus destruction of the alveolar architecture, resulting in cell proliferation and tissue remodeling. Bezafibrate (BZF) is an important member of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPARs) family agonists, used in clinical practice as antihyperlipidemic. However, the antifibrotic effects of BZF are still poorly studied. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of BZF on pulmonary oxidative damage in lung fibroblast cells. MRC-5 cells were treated with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to induce oxidative stress activation and BZF treatment was administered at the same moment as H2O2 induction. The outcomes evaluated were cell proliferation and cell viability; oxidative stress markers such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), catalase (CAT) levels and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS); col-1 and α-SMA mRNA expression and cellular elasticity through Young's modulus analysis evaluated by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The H2O2-induced oxidative damage decreased the cell viability and increased ROS levels and decreased CAT activity in MRC-5 cells. The expression of α-SMA and the cell stiffness increased in response to H2O2 treatment. Treatment with BZF decreased the MRC-5 cell proliferation, ROS levels, reestablished CAT levels, decreased the mRNA expression of type I collagen protein (col-1) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and cellular elasticity even with H2O2 induction. Our results suggest that BZF has a potential protective effect on H2O2-induced oxidative stress. These results are based on an in vitro experiment, derived from a fetal lung cell line and may emerge as a possible new therapy for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.


Assuntos
Peróxido de Hidrogênio , Fibrose Pulmonar , Humanos , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/toxicidade , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/metabolismo , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Bezafibrato/farmacologia , Bezafibrato/metabolismo , Fibrose Pulmonar/patologia , Pulmão/metabolismo , Estresse Oxidativo , Fibroblastos , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo
12.
Biochem Cell Biol ; 90(4): 575-84, 2012 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22574829

RESUMO

The phenolic compounds present in cocoa seeds have been studied regarding health benefits, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Fibrosis is a wound healing response that occurs in almost all patients with chronic liver injury. A large number of cytokines and soluble intercellular mediators are related to changes in the behavior and phenotype of the hepatic stellate cell (HSC) that develop a fibrogenic and contractile phenotype leading to the development of fibrosis. The objective of this study was to assess the catechin effect in GRX liver cells in activities such as cell growth and inflammation. The GRX cells treatment with catechin induced a significant decrease in cell growth. This mechanism does not occur by apoptosis or even by autophagy because there were no alterations in expression of caspase 3 and PARP (apoptosis), and LC3 (autophagy). The expression of p27 and p53 proteins, regulators of the cell cycle, showed increased expression, while COX-2 and IL-6 mRNA showed a significant decrease in expression. This study shows that catechin decreases cell growth in GRX cells and, probably, this decrease does not occur by apoptosis or autophagy but through an anti-inflammatory effect and cell cycle arrest. Catechin also significantly decreased the production of TGF-ß by GRX cells, showing a significant antifibrotic effect.


Assuntos
Catequina/farmacologia , Células Estreladas do Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Autofagia , Cacau/química , Caspase 3/metabolismo , Proliferação de Células , Células Cultivadas , Células Estreladas do Fígado/citologia , Células Estreladas do Fígado/metabolismo , Humanos , Interleucina-6/metabolismo , Fígado/citologia , Fígado/metabolismo , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/metabolismo , Proteína Supressora de Tumor p53/metabolismo
13.
Inflammopharmacology ; 19(3): 145-53, 2011 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20981574

RESUMO

RDV-8 [C(18)H(22)N(2)O(2)S (ethyl 1-butyl-6-methyl-2-phenyl-4-thioxo-1,4-dihydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate)] is derived from the 4-thioxopyrimidine, and presents important clinical effects. The present study explored the RDV-8 effects in the proliferation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), as well as in a pleurisy-induced rat model. PBMCs were directly plated in four different RDV-8 concentrations (0.0125, 0.025, 0.05 and 0.1 mg/mL). RDV-8 decreased cell proliferation and monocyte chemotactic protein 1 synthesis. The interleukin 1 levels and the cytotoxic effect were not significantly affected by RDV-8 treatment. In the carrageenan-induced pleurisy model, the RDV-8 (3 mg/kg) treatment induced a significant reduction in the exudate volume, in the polymorphonuclear leukocyte migration and in the pleural exudate NO levels. The results indicate that RDV-8 may have an immunomodulatory effect, as well as anti-inflammatory actions suggesting that it could represent a new strategy in the inflammatory response modulation.


Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Fatores Imunológicos/farmacologia , Pleurisia/tratamento farmacológico , Pirimidinas/farmacologia , Tionas/farmacologia , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios/administração & dosagem , Carragenina , Movimento Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Quimiocina CCL2/biossíntese , Quimiocina CCL2/efeitos dos fármacos , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Feminino , Humanos , Fatores Imunológicos/administração & dosagem , Leucócitos Mononucleares/efeitos dos fármacos , Leucócitos Mononucleares/metabolismo , Neutrófilos/efeitos dos fármacos , Neutrófilos/metabolismo , Óxido Nítrico/metabolismo , Pleurisia/fisiopatologia , Pirimidinas/administração & dosagem , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Tionas/administração & dosagem
14.
Kidney Blood Press Res ; 32(4): 286-92, 2009.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19797913

RESUMO

BACKGROUND/AIMS: To evaluate the effects of neonatal handling on hydroelectrolytic balance in adult rats. METHODS: The litters were divided into two groups: nonhandled and handled. The procedure consisted of handling the pups for 1 min/day in the first 10 days postnatally. When adults, animals had their body weight verified and were housed in individual metabolic cages. After a 24-hour period, urine samples were collected and the urinary and water intake volumes measured. Blood samples to determine osmolality, aldosterone, corticosterone, angiotensin II, creatinine, urea, sodium and potassium levels were collected. The kidneys were removed for histological assessment. Urinary osmolality, sodium, urea and creatinine were also measured and the creatinine clearance (CC) calculated. RESULTS: No difference between groups was found in the body weight. Handled animals showed a reduction in the total kidney wet weight, water intake, urinary volume, CC, plasma angiotensin II, corticosterone and aldosterone when compared to the nonhandled and an increase in the urinary osmolality and sodium excretion fraction. No differences in serum potassium and no evidence of structural changes were demonstrated by histological analysis. CONCLUSION: Neonatal handling induced long-lasting effects decreasing renal function without evidence of kidney structural changes.


Assuntos
Manobra Psicológica , Rim/fisiologia , Aldosterona/sangue , Angiotensina II/sangue , Animais , Peso Corporal/fisiologia , Corticosterona/sangue , Creatina/metabolismo , Feminino , Rim/anatomia & histologia , Rim/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Testes de Função Renal , Masculino , Tamanho do Órgão , Concentração Osmolar , Gravidez , Radioimunoensaio , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Equilíbrio Hidroeletrolítico/fisiologia
15.
Rev Lat Am Enfermagem ; 17(3): 396-402, 2009.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19669052

RESUMO

In the perspective of career choice, entering university encompasses meanings of self-accomplishment and social status, which are permeated by concepts and ideals people construct in their lives. This study aimed to analyze regimes of truth that permeate career choice in nursing, physiotherapy and nutrition. This qualitative-descriptive study was carried out with undergraduate freshmen. Data were collected through focus groups, evaluated by discourse analysis from a Foucaultian perspective. The following themes emerged from the analysis: career choice: crowning a process of social differentiation, reflexes of professions' history of acknowledgement; career choice beyond professional projects. Discourse highlights that scientific knowledge acquires status in relations of power between different professions and society and is essential that health professional education is linked to public policies that expand the participation of different professions so as to meet demands in favor of integral care.


Assuntos
Escolha da Profissão , Enfermagem , Ciências da Nutrição , Especialidade de Fisioterapia
16.
Neurol India ; 67(Supplement): S230-S235, 2019.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31134914

RESUMO

CONTEXT: With a long duration return mission to Mars on the horizon, we must learn as much about the environment and its influence on the musculoskeletal system as possible to develop countermeasures and mitigate deleterious health effects and maladaptation. AIMS: To determine the influence of simulated Mars gravity on the activity of four locomotor muscles while walking, in comparison to 1 G, using lower body positive pressure (LBPP). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 14 male subjects (mean age: 20.6 ± 2.4 years) performed bouts of walking in both simulated Mars gravity (0.38 G) and Earth gravity (1 G) using an LBPP device. The dependent variables were the muscle activity evoked in the tibialis anterior, vastus lateralis, gluteus maximus and lateral portion of the gastrocnemius, measured using electromyography and expressed as percentages of maximum voluntary isometric contractions, and heart rate (HR). For statistical analysis, a paired t-test was performed. Statistical significance was defined as P < 0.05. RESULTS: No significant differences in muscle activity were found across conditions for any of the investigated muscles. A significant mean difference in the HR was identified between Earth (105.15 ± 8.1 bpm) and Mars (98.15 ± 10.44 bpm) conditions (P = 0.027), wherein the HR was lower during the Mars trial. CONCLUSIONS: The Mars environment may not result in any deteriorative implications for the musculoskeletal system. However, if future research should report that stride frequency and thus activation frequency is decreased in the simulated Mars gravity, negative implications may be posed for muscle retention and reconditioning efforts on the Red Planet.


Assuntos
Gravitação , Marte , Músculo Esquelético/fisiologia , Simulação de Ambiente Espacial , Caminhada , Adulto , Eletromiografia , Frequência Cardíaca , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto Jovem
17.
Lasers Surg Med ; 40(7): 500-8, 2008 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18727002

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: In the classic model of pleurisy there is little evidence about the anti-inflammatory effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) as well the dosage characteristics, such as wavelength, total energy, number and pattern of treatment. In this study we investigated the potential effects of LLLT on modulating the pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators of acute inflammation in a rat pleurisy model. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: A sample of 48 female Wistar rats were divided into control and experiential groups. An inflammation was induced by carrageenan (0.2 ml) injected into the pleural cavity. At 1, 2, and 3 hours after induction a continuous wave (20 mW) diode laser of the InGaAlP (660 nm) type was used in the four laser groups with different doses and treatment patterns. One group received a single dose of 2.1 J and the other three groups received a total energy of 0.9, 2.1, and 4.2 J. Four hours later the exudate volume, total and differential leukocytes, protein concentration, NO, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-alpha, and MCP-1 were measured from the aspirated liquid. RESULTS: All the treatment patterns and quantity of energy studied show significant reduction of the exudate volume (P<0.05). Using energy of 0.9 J only NO, IL-6, MCP-1 and IL-10 are significantly reduced (P<0.05). On the other hand, higher energies (2.1 and 4.2 J) significantly reduce all variables independently of the treatment pattern. The neutrophil migration has a straight correlation with the TNF-alpha (r = 0.551) and NO (r = 0.549) concentration. CONCLUSIONS: LLLT-660 nm induced an anti-inflammatory effect characterized by inhibition of either total or differential leukocyte influx, exudation, total protein, NO, IL-6, MCP-1, IL-10, and TNF-alpha, in a dose-dependent manner. Under these conditions, laser treatment with 2.1 J was more effective than 0.9 and 4.2 J.


Assuntos
Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade , Pleurisia/radioterapia , Animais , Carragenina/administração & dosagem , Feminino , Inflamação/complicações , Inflamação/radioterapia , Pleurisia/induzido quimicamente , Pleurisia/complicações , Ratos , Ratos Wistar
18.
Oral Maxillofac Surg ; 22(2): 143-150, 2018 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29442244

RESUMO

PURPOSE: This study aimed to assess body posture before and after bimaxillary orthognathic surgery by photogrammetry in skeletal class III patients. METHODS: Thirty-one patients with skeletal class III dentofacial deformities (14 men, 17 women) who underwent orthodontic preparation for surgery were included in this non-randomized controlled trial. Of these, 15 who did not undergo orthognathic surgery during the period of this study served as controls. Postural assessment was performed by photogrammetry using SAPO® (Postural Assessment Software) based on anterior-, posterior-, and lateral-view images taken 1 month before and 4 months after bimaxillary orthognathic surgery with internal rigid fixation (or 4 months after the initial assessment, for the control group). The study was approved by PUCRS Research Ethics Committee, and written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants prior to their inclusion in the study. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between groups for age, gender, and GAP. In the intervention group, the right leg/hindfoot angle, which initially indicated a valgus deformity, normalized after intervention (P < 0.048). Posterior displacement of the head (P < 0.005) and trunk (P < 0.004) were observed after intervention. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that correction of class III dentofacial deformities by bimaxillary orthognathic surgery can produce systemic postural adjustments, especially posterior displacement of the head and trunk and knee and ankle valgus.


Assuntos
Má Oclusão Classe III de Angle/cirurgia , Cirurgia Ortognática/métodos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Ortognáticos/métodos , Fotogrametria/métodos , Adolescente , Adulto , Pontos de Referência Anatômicos , Deformidades Dentofaciais/cirurgia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Mandíbula/anatomia & histologia , Mandíbula/cirurgia , Maxila/anatomia & histologia , Maxila/cirurgia , Adulto Jovem
20.
Inflammation ; 41(5): 1987-2001, 2018 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29995294

RESUMO

Pulmonary fibrosis is a specific form of interstitial pneumonia. In addition to the idiopathic cause, it may be caused by drugs such as bleomycin (BLM)-used in the treatment of tumors. Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (FBP) is a high-energy endogenous glycolytic compound that has antifibrotic, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of FBP on both BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice and in a human embryonic lung fibroblast (MRC-5) culture system. C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups: control, FBP, BLM, and BLM plus FBP. A single dose of bleomycin (7.5 U/kg) was administered intratracheally, and survival, body weight, Ashcroft score, and histological analysis were evaluated. Pulmonary function and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were also evaluated after a single dose of bleomycin (1.2 U/kg-intratracheally). Treatment with FBP (500 mg/kg) was given on day 0 intraperitoneally. Fibroblasts (MRC-5 cells) were used to access the effect of FBP in vitro. In vivo, FBP increased the survival rate and reduced body weight loss (BLM vs. BLM plus FBP-p < 0.05). FBP also prevented BLM-induced loss of pulmonary function and decreased BALF inflammatory cells, level of fibrosis, and superficial collagen density (p < 0.05). In vitro, FBP (0.62 and 1.25 mM) had inhibitory activity on MRC-5 cells and was able to induce senescence in fibroblasts. These results showed that FBP has the potential of reducing the toxic effects of BLM and may provide supportive therapy for conventional methods used for the treatment of cancer.


Assuntos
Fibroblastos/patologia , Frutosedifosfatos/farmacologia , Fibrose Pulmonar/prevenção & controle , Animais , Bleomicina/farmacologia , Linhagem Celular , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Senescência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Fibroblastos/efeitos dos fármacos , Frutosedifosfatos/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Pulmão/patologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Fibrose Pulmonar/induzido quimicamente , Taxa de Sobrevida , Redução de Peso/efeitos dos fármacos
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