[Psychological and stabilographic features in healthy persons performing dual tasks with different quality].

The results of performance of 40 healthy volunteers (29.8 ± 2.47 y.o.) in four dual tasks that included postural balance task as a motor sub-task and calculation as a cognitive sub-task were compared to results of individual psychological assessment which measured working and spatial memory capacity, speed of attention switch etc. Performance of participants in dual tasks was not uniform. For each of four tasks four types of performance were observed. Those included decrease of performance in both or one task and increase of performance in both tasks. In one of the four dual tasks 30% of the group of participants performed in both components of dual task better then in separate motor and cognitive tasks. Better performance in this dual task correlated with higher speed of attention switch, higher estimates of spatial and working memory. Analysis of results of psychological and stabilografic investigations showed negative correlation between speed of sway of center of pressure (CoP) and speed of attention switch test, and also between amplitude of CoP sway along frontal axis and capacity of spatial and working memory. These correlations reflect involvement of cognitive resources in voluntary postural control and motor automatism in successful dual task performance. Selected variant of dual task could be used as an instrument of selection of individuals for activities related to high informational loads.

[Orbitosphenopetroclival meningeomas: clinical and topographic features and results of combined treatment]. / Orbitosfenopetroklival'nye meningiomy: kliniko-topo-grafi-cheskie osobennosti i rezul'taty kombinirovannogo lecheniia.

UNLABELLED: The aim of the study was to access clinical and topographic features of orbitosphenopetroclival meningeomas and the results of surgical and combined treatment in patients with meningeaomas of that location. Orbitosphenopetroclival meningeomas comprise a peculiar group of tumors and are the result of infiltrative sphenopetroclival meningeomas progression, when the latter extend into the orbit and temporal fossa. Development of neurosurgery, use modern approaches and adjuvant therapies such as stereotaxic radiosurgery and radiotherapy in the past years markedly improve treatment results in these patients. However, difficulties in treatment strategy choice remain. One attempting to excise a tumor radically encounters with the risk of damage to critically important neurovascular structures. When a tumor is excised partially the risk of complication dwindles, however risk of relapse increases. Palliative surgery improve patients' quality of life. Radiosurgery and irradiation of residual tumors allow to establish control on a tumor growth. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty three patients were studied, of them 20 received surcery, 9 - stereotaxic irradiation, 5 - conventional irradiation. The follow-up interval comprised 8-84 months (median 37 months). RESULTS: Manifestations of orbitosphenopetroclival meningeomas are combined from signs and symptoms of cranioorbital and petroclival meningeomas, and in many patients include signs of skull base external surface involvemevt, marked cosmetic deficits and psychological distress. Orbitosphenopetroclival meningeomas originate from cavernous sinus and medial parts of sphenoid bone wings. During its progression a tumor extends onto orbit and onto clivus, and then onto infratemporal and sphenopalatine fossae, nasopharynx and posterior cranial fossa. CONCLUSION: If a residual tumor is present patients with orbitosphenopetroclival meningeomas should undergo adjuvant irradiation after the first surgery.

[EEG-markers of vertical postural organization in healthy persons].

In 10 healthy persons (22.8 +/- 0.67 years) spectral-coherence parameters of EEG were analyzed in different steps of verticalizations--from gorizontal position to seat and stand one. Maximal changes of all EEG parameters were observed in state with absence of visual control. We observed an increase of power for fast spectral bands of EEG (beta- and gamma-bands) in all conditions and additional increase of these EEG parameters was observed at situation of complication of conditions of vertical pose supporting. Results of EEG coherent analysis in conditions of human verticalization showed specific increase of coherence for the majority of rhythm ranges in the right hemisphere especially in the central-frontal and in occipital-parietal areas and for interhemispheric pairs for these leads. This fact can reflect participation of cortical as well as subcortical structures in these processes. In conditions of complicate conditions of vertical pose supporting the additional increase of EEG coherence in fast bands (beta-rhythm) was observed at the frontal areas. This fact can testify about increasing of executive functions in this conditions.

[Peculiarities of changes of EEG reactivity during performance of dual tasks in healthy subjects (voluntary postural control and calculation)].

Complex EEG and stabilography investigation with separate and simultaneous performance of motor (voluntary postural control) and cognitive (calculation) tasks has been performed in 20 healthy subjects (22 +/- 0.7 yo.). Specific spatial and frequency reactive changes have been revealed during motor task performance. These included increase of coherence in alpha-band for long pair of channels in right hemisphere as well as in symmetric parietal-occipital regions in both hemispheres. Cognitive task performance has been accompanied by coherence increase for low bands (delta- and theta-) with higher activation in left hemisphere and frontal regions. In dual tasks where both components were performed worse comparing to control, performance led to reactive spatial and frequency changes of both--motor and cognitive--tasks, though these changes were less than during separate task performance. Decrease of coherence in alphal-band in frontal areas appeared as a zone of "conflict of interest - interferention". In dual tasks with better performance of each component comparing to control EEG coherence increased in each specific area as well as in areas of "conflict of interest".