[State of the microcirculation and its relation to gastric function and structural changes in the gastroduodenal zone in recurrent peptic ulcer]. / Sostoianie mikrotsirkuliatsii i ee sviaz' s funktsiiami zheludka i strukturnymi izmeneniiami v gastroduodenal'noi zone pri retsidive iazvennoi bolezni.

A total of 108 patients with peptic ulcer were entered into the study. Examination of the microcirculation in the eye conjunctiva and microvessels of biopsy specimens of the mucous membrane taken from ulcerous areas revealed that disease relapses were marked by pronounced disorders of the end blood flow. The extent of the disorders was found to be determined by the activity and localization of the pathological process, structural alterations in the mucous membrane of the gastroduodenal area, and by gastric functions.

[Computed tomography and ultrasonography in the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic diseases]. / Komp'iuternaia tomografiia i ul'trazvukovoe issledovanie v diagnostike i lechenii zabolevanií podzheludochnoí zhelezy.

Seventy three percutaneous punctures and catheter drainages were performed in 68 patients in 1992-1996. Visual control under CT was made in 32 patient and that under ultrasonography in 41. Diagnostic aspiration fine-needle biopsies of pancreatic lesions in 33 patients shower 5 adenocarcinomas, 2 cysts with signs of malignancy, 2 pseudocysts, 1 pancreatic adenoma, 23 chronic pancreatitis. Percutaneous catheter drainage in 15 patients with pyogenic complications of acute pancreatitis yielded good results. Successful external drainages of pyogenic pancreatic pseudocysts followed by sclerotherapy were made in 21 patients. There were recurrent cysts in 2 patients. This method is effective and safe for the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic diseases and should be widely put into clinical practice.

[Diagnosis and treatment of acute progressive tuberculosis types]. / Diagnoz i lechenie ostroprogressiruiushchikh form tuberkuleza.

An examination was made of 77 patients with extensive segmentary and lobular pulmonary tuberculous lesions: caseous pneumonia (n = 26), infiltrative caseous pneumonia (n = 18), fibrocavernous pneumonia complicated by caseous pneumonia (n = 16), and disseminated tuberculosis (n = 17). All patients had destructive changes; in 82.7% of patients the caverns were large and great in size. Bacteria were isolated in 94.8%, mycobacterial drug resistance was noted in 51.8%. Four variants of the course of a disease were identified: 1) that with predominance of the intoxication syndrome (41.6%); 2) that with respiratory failure (24.7%); 3) that with pulmonary hemorrhage (15.6%), 4) that added by secondary microorganisms (18.2%). Chemotherapy included a combination of 4 or 5 drugs along with pathogenetic tools, which stabilized a process in 80% of patients and arrested bacterial isolation in 69.5%. In 20%, the process continued to progress and in 3 of them died.

Single-atom detection of ytterbium by selective laser excitation and field ionization from Rydberg states.

Detection of single atoms Yb has been achieved using the method of electric-field ionization from the high-lying Rydberg states. Atoms of Yb in a beam were excited in three steps to a 17-p state by radiation of three pulsed dye lasers. The statistics of an atom's appearance in the interaction volume have been studied in the single-ion-counting regime at low beam density.

[Intravascular coagulation as a typical concomitant of acute pulmonary tuberculosis]. / Vnutrisosudistaia koaguliatsiia krovi kak kharakternyí sputnik aktivnogo tuberkuleza legkikh.

Hemostasis and fibrinolysis, markers of intravascular coagulation (IC), hemorrhagic parameters, and platelet aggregatory properties were studied in 119 patients with various types of pulmonary tuberculosis. In patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis, IC was found to be a persistent and important component of a pathological process which both plasma factors and circulating cells were involved in. In most critical patients, the degree and rate of spontaneous and stimulated platelet aggregation were decreased, when stimulated, the rate of increases in the mean volume of aggregates was yet higher in these patients than in the controls. The latter created an additional prerequisite for progression of microthrombogenesis.

[Increased apoptosis of immunocompetent cells as a possible mechanism in the development of immunodeficiency in patients with acutely progressive tuberculosis]. / Povyshennyi apoptoz immunokompetentnykh kletok kak odin iz vozmozhnykh mekhanizmov v razvitii immunodefitsita u bol'nykh ostroptogressiruiushchim tuberkulezom.

The formation of immunodeficiency whose likely mechanism is apoptosis of some immunocompetent cells was studied in 35 patients with caseous pneumonia. The leading clinical sign of apoptosis in acutely progressive tuberculosis is significant lymphopenia (4-10%). Immunological studies indicated a substantial reduction in the count of T lymphocytes and their regulatory subpopulations of different phenotypes. In vitro mitogenic induction causes a decline of activated CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ cells on the average by 10-40%, a decrease in the proliferative and synthetic functions, as compared with those in patients with infiltrative tuberculosis of the lung and healthy donors. Cytochemical findings in the same patients show that half the lymphocytes in the blood samples from patients with caseous pneumonia has profound intracellular metabolic disturbances. These cells are unavailable and undergo apoptosis, which determines immunodeficiency in patients with acutely progressive tuberculosis.

Unambiguous identification of three beta-decaying isomers in 70Cu.

Using resonant laser ionization, beta-decay studies, and for the first time mass measurements, three beta-decaying states have been unambiguously identified in 70Cu. A mass excess of -62 976.1(1.6) keV and a half-life of 44.5(2) s for the (6-) ground state have been determined. The level energies of the (3-) isomer at 101.1(3) keV with T(1/2)=33(2) s and the 1+ isomer at 242.4(3) keV with T(1/2)=6.6(2) s are confirmed by high-precision mass measurements. The low-lying levels of 70Cu populated in the decay of 70Ni and in transfer reactions compare well with large-scale shell-model calculations, and the wave functions appear to be dominated by one proton-one neutron configurations outside the closed Z=28 shell and N=40 subshell. This does not apply to the 1+ state at 1980 keV which exhibits a particular feeding and deexcitation pattern not reproduced by the shell-model calculations.