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1.
Med J Armed Forces India ; 80(5): 599-603, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39309576

RESUMO

We report a case of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), which was diagnosed during the management of proliferative retinopathy (PR) in a patient with type I diabetes mellitus due to the fulminant nature of the PR. This case highlights the importance of vigilance on the part of the ophthalmologist in the diagnosis of co-existing systemic disorders, notably hematological malignancy, which aggravates the posterior segment vasculopathy of the eye and the management of which is crucial for the patient. We also describe a short literature review on the clinical features, mechanism of the posterior segment vasculopathy of the eye, and management of PR co-existing in a patient with CML.

2.
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol ; 260(1): 371-383, 2022 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34453604

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To report on the factors associated with severe vision loss from fireworks-related ocular trauma during celebrations, including festivals. METHODS: Tertiary eye care hospitals in 5 countries and private ophthalmology practices in the Netherlands. Patients included received treatment for fireworks-related ocular trauma during celebrations. Demographic and clinical data for patients affected were analyzed and associations with severe vision loss reported. RESULTS: Of 388 patients, 71 (18.3 %) had severe vision loss (worse than 6/60) at 4-week follow-up due to fireworks-related ocular trauma. Mean age overall was 20.6 years (range 2 to 83 years), and there was a male predominance of 4:1. Clinical factors associated with severe vision loss included penetrating injury (OR 4.874 [95% CI 1.298-18.304; p = 0.02]) and lens injury (OR 7.023 [95% CI 2.378-20.736; p = 0.0004]). More patients with closed-globe injuries (CGIs) had improved vision after 4 weeks (OR 3.667, 1.096-12.27) compared to those with open-globe injuries (OGI) (p = 0.035). Eye protection use was reported by 7 patients, and 39.4% patients < 18 years were unsupervised by an adult at the time of injury. CONCLUSIONS: Severe vision loss from fireworks-related ocular trauma occurred during celebrations in a variety of countries and was associated with penetrating and/or lens injury and poor presenting vision. New initiatives are needed to prevent severe vision loss associated with these injuries.


Assuntos
Traumatismos Oculares , Baixa Visão , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Traumatismos Oculares/diagnóstico , Traumatismos Oculares/epidemiologia , Traumatismos Oculares/etiologia , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Transtornos da Visão/diagnóstico , Transtornos da Visão/epidemiologia , Transtornos da Visão/etiologia , Baixa Visão/epidemiologia , Baixa Visão/etiologia , Adulto Jovem
3.
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol ; 260(4): 1055-1067, 2022 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34812939

RESUMO

Ophthalmic trauma is a leading cause of preventable monocular blindness worldwide. The prevalence of ophthalmic trauma varies considerably based on geographic location, socio-economic status, age groups, occupation, and cultural practices such as firework celebrations. Clinical registries are known to be valuable in guiding the diagnosis, management, and prognostication of complex diseases. However, there is currently a lack of a centralized international data repository for ophthalmic trauma. We draw lessons from past and existing clinical registries related to ophthalmology and propose a new suitable international multicenter clinical registry for ophthalmic trauma: the International Globe and Adnexal Trauma Epidemiology Study (IGATES). IGATES is hosted on a secure web-based platform which exhibits user-friendly smart features, an integrated Ocular Trauma Score (OTS) prognosis calculator, efficient data collection points, and schematic graphical software. IGATES currently has 37 participating centers globally. The data collected through IGATES will be primarily used to develop a more robust and improved ophthalmic trauma prognostic classification system, the Ocular Trauma Score-2 (OTS-2), which builds on previous systems such as the Birmingham Eye Trauma Terminology System (BETTS) and Ocular Trauma Score (OTS). Furthermore, IGATES will act as a springboard for further research into the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of ophthalmic trauma. Ultimately, IGATES serves to advance the field of ophthalmic trauma and improve the care that patients with ophthalmic trauma receive.


Assuntos
Traumatismos Oculares , Cegueira/epidemiologia , Cegueira/etiologia , Traumatismos Oculares/diagnóstico , Traumatismos Oculares/epidemiologia , Traumatismos Oculares/etiologia , Humanos , Estudos Multicêntricos como Assunto , Prognóstico , Sistema de Registros , Estudos Retrospectivos , Índices de Gravidade do Trauma
4.
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol ; 259(11): 3485-3499, 2021 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34173879

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To detail the methodology for a novel ocular trauma registry and utilize the registry to determine the demographics, nature of injury, and associations of severe visual loss for open globe injuries (OGI). METHODS: Thirteen hospitals in 7 countries used International Globe and Adnexal Trauma Epidemiology Study (IGATES) platform. Patients presenting between April 2009 and 2020 with OGI (with or without) adnexal involvement or intraocular foreign body (IOFB) were included. RESULTS: Analyses of presenting and final VA, using "severe vision loss" (VA ≤ 6/60) and "no severe loss" (VA > 6/60), were performed. Four hundred fifty-four (64%) patients had VA < 6/60 at presentation and 327 (44.8%) at final follow-up, with a highly significant association between presenting and final VA (p < 0.0001). From the cohort of 746 patients, 37 were missing VA at presentation and 16 at follow-up and complete clinical data was available for 354 patients. The male to female ratio is 6:1, and mean age 36.0 ± 20.0 years old. Relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD), zone III injury, IOFB, and eyelid injury at presentation were recorded in 50 (6.7%), 55 (7.8%), 97 (13%), and 87 (11.7%) patients, respectively, and were significantly associated with VA < 6/60 at follow-up. Older age, ≥ 61 years, was associated with 3.39 times (95% CI: 1.95-5.89) higher risk than ≤20-year-old patients (p < 0.0001) and males 0.424 times (95% CI: 0.27-0.70) lower risk than female (p = 0.0001) of severe vision loss (SVL). CONCLUSION: In OGIs from 13 hospitals, female gender, older age, zone III injury, eyelid injury, and IOFB were associated with higher risk of visual outcome of SVL.


Assuntos
Corpos Estranhos no Olho , Ferimentos Oculares Penetrantes , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Ferimentos Oculares Penetrantes/diagnóstico , Ferimentos Oculares Penetrantes/epidemiologia , Ferimentos Oculares Penetrantes/cirurgia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Transtornos da Visão , Acuidade Visual , Adulto Jovem
5.
Int Ophthalmol ; 41(5): 1651-1658, 2021 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33511515

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To evaluate the frequency and outcomes of acute-onset endophthalmitis following combined pars plana vitrectomy and scleral fixation of intraocular lens. METHODS: We evaluated patients undergoing a sutureless, glueless, flapless technique of scleral fixation of intraocular lenses (SFIOL) implantation for various causes of aphakia and documented the clinico-demographic data, microbiological profile and final outcome after acute endophthalmitis in this cohort of eyes. RESULTS: The frequency of suspected acute endophthalmitis diagnosed post-surgery was 0.112% (4/3541 eyes), with culture-positive endophthalmitis frequency being 0.028% (1 eye), showing growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Mean age of patients with endophthalmitis was 51.75 ± 9.28 years, and mean interval between surgery and acute endophthalmitis presentation was 10.25 ± 9.6 days. Patients were managed with intravitreal antibiotics with or without core vitrectomy. Visual acuity of patients increased from baseline 1.43 ± 0.32 logMAR (Snellen equivalent = 6/150) to 0.79 ± 0.16 logMAR (Snellen equivalent = 6/36) after an average follow-up of 11 ± 2 weeks. CONCLUSION: Endophthalmitis is a rare complication following SFIOL surgery, and all ophthalmic surgeons must be aware of this inadvertent possibility, since SFIOLs are gaining wider acceptability recently. Moreover, these cases of endophthalmitis may show a different pattern of microorganisms than post-cataract surgery endophthalmitis; however, with prompt diagnosis and effective timely management, favorable outcomes can be achieved.


Assuntos
Endoftalmite , Lentes Intraoculares , Adulto , Endoftalmite/diagnóstico , Endoftalmite/epidemiologia , Endoftalmite/etiologia , Humanos , Incidência , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Vitrectomia
6.
Int Ophthalmol ; 40(11): 2817-2825, 2020 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32533452

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To describe clinical presentation, morphological features and surgical outcomes of macular hole (MH) secondary to retinal vein occlusion (RVO). METHOD: This prospective interventional study evaluated eight eyes with atypical MH (secondary to RVO) and data regarding medical management, pars plana vitrectomy, postoperative anatomical hole closure, visual acuity improvement, morphological features of hole were noted till the last follow-up. RESULTS: Eight eyes with full-thickness MH in an RVO eye were followed-up for a minimum period of 3 months postoperatively. Five subjects had a RVO episode which occurred more than 6 months before the onset of the recent symptoms (Group 1; 4 branch RVO and 1 central RVO), and 3 subjects had a recent onset branch RVO within 6 months (Group 2). All FTMH cases except one showed closure at the last follow-up. Visual acuity of all eyes improved from 0.91 ± 0.57 logMAR to 0.5 ± 0.3 logMAR (p = 0.093). At baseline, visual acuities of the two groups had no significant difference. Postoperatively, group 1 holes had better visual prognosis, than Group 2 holes, further substantiated by persistence of subretinal fluid in Group 2 eyes till last follow-up. Minimum hole diameter was higher in the recent RVO group, although anatomical closure was obtained in all of these eyes. Most holes had favorable morphological hole features like raised configuration with rounded edges. CONCLUSION: In the presence of favorable morphological features, secondary macular holes associated with retinal vein occlusion may show optimal outcomes after surgery. It is not clear whether acutely created holes in recent onset RVO should be operated early. Older holes may have better prognosis.


Assuntos
Perfurações Retinianas , Oclusão da Veia Retiniana , Humanos , Prognóstico , Estudos Prospectivos , Perfurações Retinianas/diagnóstico , Perfurações Retinianas/etiologia , Perfurações Retinianas/cirurgia , Oclusão da Veia Retiniana/complicações , Oclusão da Veia Retiniana/diagnóstico , Oclusão da Veia Retiniana/cirurgia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento , Vitrectomia
12.
Semin Ophthalmol ; 39(5): 381-386, 2024 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38810666

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To describe the clinical presentation and treatment outcomes of pupillary block glaucoma (PBG) following vitreoretinal surgery (VR surgery). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective observational study of 6941 patients, who underwent VR surgery at a tertiary eye care centre in South India between January 2015 and December 2019. Amongst them, clinical data of 61 patients who developed PBG were taken for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Mean (SD) age was 53.90 (13.4) years and the incidence of PBG was .87%. Median (IQR) time of onset of PBG following VR surgery was 3.33 (1.1-6.6) months and majority were pseudophakic (75%). PBG resolved with Nd:YAG laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI) alone in 50 (82%) patients, whereas 11(18%) patients required additional interventions like surgical iridectomy, trabeculectomy or diode laser cyclophotocoagulation (CPC) either as a stand-alone procedure or in combination with silicone oil removal (SOR). Mean (SD) intraocular pressure at the onset of PBG was 41.61 (14.5) mmHg, which reduced drastically following LPI to 24.28 (14.9) mmHg which further dropped significantly at 6 months follow up to 20.34 (13.9) mmHg. CONCLUSIONS: Incidence of secondary PBG after VR surgery was .87%, and we observed diabetes mellitus, combined cataract and VR surgery, use of 1000cs SO endotamponade, intraoperative endolaser and multiple VR surgical interventions as common associations. Majority of the patients with PBG after VR procedures resolved with LPI and medical management. Few individuals (18%) required additional laser or surgical intervention for IOP control.


Assuntos
Pressão Intraocular , Cirurgia Vitreorretiniana , Humanos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Masculino , Pressão Intraocular/fisiologia , Idoso , Resultado do Tratamento , Glaucoma de Ângulo Fechado/cirurgia , Glaucoma de Ângulo Fechado/fisiopatologia , Glaucoma de Ângulo Fechado/etiologia , Iridectomia/métodos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Incidência , Acuidade Visual/fisiologia , Seguimentos , Fotocoagulação a Laser/métodos , Adulto , Distúrbios Pupilares/etiologia , Distúrbios Pupilares/diagnóstico
13.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 72(Suppl 3): S473-S481, 2024 May 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38648455

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To evaluate rural community-based eye care models from the perspective of community ophthalmology experts and suggest sustainable technological solutions for enhancing rural eye care delivery. METHODS: A semi-structured descriptive survey, using close-ended and open-ended questions, was administered to the experts in community ophthalmology sourced through purposive sampling. The survey was self-administered and was facilitated through online platforms or in-person meetings. Uniform questions were presented to all participants, irrespective of their roles. RESULTS: Surveyed participants (n = 22 with 15 from India and 7 from Nepal) in high-volume tertiary eye hospitals faced challenges with resources and rural outreach. Participants had mixed satisfaction with pre-operative screening and theatre resources. Delayed presentations and inexperienced surgeons contributed to the surgery complications. Barriers to rural eye care included resource scarcity, funding disparities, and limited infrastructure. In rural/peri-urban areas 87% of participants agreed with providing primary eye care services, with more than 60% of the experts not in agreement with the makeshift center model of eye care delivery. Key components for an effective eye care model are sustainability, accessibility, affordability, and quality. These can be bolstered through a healthcare management platform and a human-chain supply distribution system. CONCLUSION: Tailored interventions are crucial for rural eye care, emphasizing the need for stronger human resources, optimized funding, and community awareness. Addressing challenges pertinent to delayed presentation and surgical training is vital to minimizing complications, especially with advanced cataracts. Enhancements in rural eye care demand a comprehensive approach prioritizing accessibility, affordability, and consistent quality.


Assuntos
Atenção à Saúde , Oftalmopatias , Oftalmologia , População Rural , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Oftalmopatias/terapia , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde , Índia/epidemiologia , Nepal , Serviços de Saúde Rural , População do Sudeste Asiático , Inquéritos e Questionários
14.
Natl Med J India ; 36(3): 170-172, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38692617

RESUMO

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is the most common inherited cause of blindness in the developed world, characterized by night blindness, reduced central vision and constricted visual field; however, unilateral RP is extremely rare. Macular complications such as cystoid macular oedema (CME), macular holes and vitreoretinal interface alterations, such as epiretinal membranes, have been reported in advanced stages. We describe a patient with unilateral RP presenting with CME, a rare occurrence.


Assuntos
Edema Macular , Retinose Pigmentar , Humanos , Retinose Pigmentar/complicações , Retinose Pigmentar/diagnóstico , Edema Macular/etiologia , Edema Macular/diagnóstico , Edema Macular/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia de Coerência Óptica , Masculino , Adulto , Acuidade Visual , Feminino
15.
Ocul Immunol Inflamm ; : 1-7, 2023 Feb 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36749937

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To study the effect of prophylactic intracameral moxifloxacin (ICM) on microbiological profile and antimicrobial sensitivity of culture-proven postoperative endophthalmitis (POE). METHODS: This study evaluated culture-proven POE diagnosed within 6 weeks of cataract surgery over two periods, period-1 (January 2010-March 2015) and period-2 (April 2015-December 2019), before and after introduction of prophylactic ICM, respectively. RESULTS: In period-1, 100 cases of culture-positive POE were reported (1 in 4879, 0.02%), while 20 cases (1 in 24635, 0.004%) were reported in period-2 (5-fold reduction, p < .001). The cumulative culture positivity rate decreased from 27.6% to 17.1% (1.6-fold) . Coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CoNS) were significantly reduced (p = .005). CONCLUSIONS: ICM reduced the incidence of culture-proven POE, CoNS in particular. In future, POE caused by rarer pathogens may become more prevalent due to reduction in the rate of commoner and more virulent pathogens with use of intracameral antibiotics. The moxifloxacin sensitivity of CONS did not show change with the use of ICM. Studies with larger population of POE will be more helpful to understand the trend better.

16.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 70(7): 2546-2550, 2022 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35791153

RESUMO

Purpose: To conduct a bibliometric analysis of research on genetic retinal diseases (GRD) done in India published from 2011 to 2020 in peer-reviewed journals, and assess the productivity, trends in journal choice, publication types, research funding, and collaborative research. Methods: We searched PubMed for articles indicating both vision-related content and author affiliation with an Indian research center. We identified research collaborations and classified articles as reporting basic science, clinical science, or clinically descriptive research. Impact factors were determined from Journal Citation Reports for 2015. Results: The total number of published articles that were retrieved from 2011 to 2021 was 341. During the 10 years of study, the annual output of research articles has nearly doubled, that is, from 21 in 2011 to 44 in 2021. A total of 298 (87%) articles were published in international journals, and 149 (42%) articles in vision-related journals had an impact factor. A total of 224 (65%) articles came from six major eye hospitals. Clinical science articles were most frequently (86%) published, whereas basic science was the least (14%). The diseases on which the maximum and the minimum number of articles were published were retinoblastoma (n = 82,24%) and Stargardt disease (n = 3, 0.9%), respectively. Conclusion: This bibliometric study provides a broad view of the current status and trends in the research on GRD done in India and may help clinicians, researchers, and policymakers to better understand this research field and predict its dynamic directions.


Assuntos
Pesquisa Biomédica , Doenças Retinianas , Bibliometria , Humanos , Índia/epidemiologia , Publicações , Doenças Retinianas/genética
17.
BMJ Case Rep ; 15(11)2022 Nov 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36384883

RESUMO

Phakomatoses are a group of congenital disorders characterised by hamartomatous lesions of the skin as well as the central and peripheral nervous systems. The presence of naevus flammeus or port-wine stain is a characteristic feature of many such disorders including Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS), Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (KTS) and Phakomatosis pigmentovascularis (PPV).We describe the ocular findings in a patient with coexisting PPV, SWS and KTS.


Assuntos
Síndrome de Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber , Síndromes Neurocutâneas , Mancha Vinho do Porto , Síndrome de Sturge-Weber , Humanos , Síndromes Neurocutâneas/complicações , Síndromes Neurocutâneas/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Sturge-Weber/complicações , Síndrome de Sturge-Weber/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber/complicações , Mancha Vinho do Porto/complicações
18.
BMJ Case Rep ; 15(4)2022 Apr 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35444025

RESUMO

Congenital retinal macrovessel (CRM) is defined as a large aberrant blood vessel that traverses through the central macula. It can have large tributaries extending on both sides of the horizontal raphe. The condition is typically asymptomatic. However, visual loss may be reported in case of associated branch retinal artery occlusion, cavernous haemangioma, retinal artery macroaneurysm, retinal deep capillary ischaemia, retinal detachment and vitreous haemorrhage. However, association of CRM and foveal hypoplasia has rarely been reported.We report multimodal imaging in a patient who was presented with visual loss due to foveal hypoplasia secondary to CRM.


Assuntos
Macula Lutea , Doenças Retinianas , Cegueira , Angiofluoresceinografia/métodos , Humanos , Imagem Multimodal , Doenças Retinianas/congênito , Tomografia de Coerência Óptica/métodos , Transtornos da Visão
19.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 70(4): 1327-1330, 2022 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35326048

RESUMO

Purpose: To study the clinical presentations and outcomes of phthiriasis palpebrarum (PP) managed with combined treatment modality comprising of 20% fluorescein dye, mechanical removal of the ectoparasites, and topical application of antibiotic eye ointment with paraffin base. Methods: This is a prospective interventional noncomparative hospital-based series of 13 patients of PP. All the patients underwent local application of 20% fluorescein dye over the eyelashes and eyebrows of both the eyes followed by the mechanical removal of all the ectoparasites and trimming of the eyelashes from the base followed by application of ophthalmic ointment. Results: Mean age of the patients was 28 ± 22 years (range 3-60 Years). Out of the total of 13 patients, 11 patients (85%) were having bilateral involvement. The mean duration of symptoms in 11 patients (rest 2 were accidental findings) was 4 ± 3 weeks (range 1-10 weeks). Three patients (23%) had a history of sexual contact with possible parasite-infested partners. Four patients (31%) had additional parasites in the pubic area or torso. All the patients were completely parasite free at the end of 1 month. There was no infestation of the treating medical personnel from the patient. The average follow-up was 8 ± 5 months (range 3-21 months). Conclusion: Itching and irritation of the eyes were the most common presentations of PP. Combined treatment modality comprising of 20% fluorescein dye, mechanical removal of ectoparasites, and topical application of antibiotic eye ointment with paraffin base is effective in the management of PP.


Assuntos
Blefarite , Infestações por Piolhos , Phthirus , Adolescente , Adulto , Animais , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Blefarite/diagnóstico , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Fluoresceína/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Infestações por Piolhos/diagnóstico , Infestações por Piolhos/tratamento farmacológico , Infestações por Piolhos/parasitologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pomadas , Parafina/uso terapêutico , Estudos Prospectivos , Adulto Jovem
20.
BMJ Case Rep ; 15(8)2022 Aug 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35961685

RESUMO

Pre-macular haemorrhage (PMH) can cause profound visual loss. Some surgeons prefer neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Nd:YAG) hyaloidotomy as the first line of treatment due to being an easy technique and having a high success rate. However, the use of high energy close to the fovea can lead to various macular complications. We present a case of a patient who presented with PMH secondary to anaemic retinopathy. He underwent Nd:YAG laser hyaloidotomy, but developed a full-thickness macular hole. He further underwent vitrectomy and a type 1 closure was achieved. However, the visual gain was poor due to the large hole size and the collateral thermal damage. The hole may not close spontaneously, thus requiring surgical intervention. The surgical outcome of these holes depends on the size of the hole and the collateral thermal damage caused during the laser procedure.


Assuntos
Lasers de Estado Sólido , Perfurações Retinianas , Humanos , Lasers de Estado Sólido/uso terapêutico , Masculino , Hemorragia Retiniana/etiologia , Hemorragia Retiniana/cirurgia , Perfurações Retinianas/etiologia , Perfurações Retinianas/cirurgia , Acuidade Visual , Vitrectomia/métodos
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