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1.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 122(3): e202310204, 2024 06 01.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38320210

RESUMO

Introduction. The decline in vaccination coverage has been very significant in the past decade. Pediatricians play a key role in catching-up coverage and increasing confidence in vaccination. Objectives. To describe pediatricians' perceptions of vaccine knowledge and practices and to identify barriers to access. Methods. Observational, analytical study using an online survey. Variables related to professional profile, training and barriers to vaccination were included. Results. A total of 1696 pediatricians participated (response rate: 10.7%). Their mean age was 50.4 years; 78.7% were women; 78.2% had ≥ 10 years of experience; 78.4% provided outpatient care and 56.0%, in the private subsector; and 72.5% received training in the past 2 years. Respondents described themselves as "trained" in convey the following aspects to their patients: benefits of vaccines: 97.2%; campaign objectives: 87.7%; contraindications: 82.4%; adverse effects: 78.9%; catch- up vaccination: 71.2%; reporting of events supposedly attributable to vaccination or immunization: 59.5%. The proportion was statistically higher in all aspects, among pediatricians with ≥ 10 years of experience and those who received training recently (p ≤ 0.01). The barriers identified in access to vaccination were false contraindications (62.3%), temporary vaccine shortage (46.4%), cultural reasons (41.4%), and restricted vaccination center hours (40.6%). Conclusions. The perception of the level of training varied depending on the vaccination-related aspect. Pediatricians with more years of professional experience and those who received recent updates perceived themselves as more trained. Multiple barriers associated with access to vaccination were identified.


Introducción. El descenso de las coberturas de vacunación fue muy significativo en la última década. Los pediatras son una pieza fundamental para recuperar coberturas y aumentar la confianza en la vacunación. Objetivos. Describir la percepción de los pediatras acerca del conocimiento y prácticas sobre vacunas, e identificar barreras en el acceso. Métodos. Estudio analítico observacional, mediante encuesta en línea. Se incluyeron variables del perfil del profesional, capacitación y barreras en inmunizaciones. Resultados. Participaron 1696 pediatras (tasa de respuesta: 10,7 %), media de 50,4 años. El 78,7 % fueron mujeres. El 78,2 % contaba con ≥10 años de ejercicio profesional. El 78,4 % realizaba atención ambulatoria y el 56,0 % en el subsector privado. El 72,5 % realizó una capacitación en los últimos 2 años. Se manifestaron "capacitados" para transmitir a sus pacientes los beneficios de las vacunas: 97,2 %; objetivos de campañas: 87,7 %; contraindicaciones: 82,4 %; efectos adversos: 78,9 %; recupero de esquemas: 71,2 %; notificación de ESAVI: 59,5 %. La proporción fue estadísticamente superior, en todos los aspectos, en pediatras con ≥10 años de ejercicio y en aquellos con capacitación reciente (p ≤ 0,01). Barreras identificadas en el acceso a la vacunación: falsas contraindicaciones (62,3 %); falta temporaria de vacunas (46,4 %); motivos culturales (41,4 %); horario restringido del vacunatorio (40,6 %). Conclusiones. La percepción del grado de capacitación fue variable según el aspecto de la vacunación. Aquellos con mayor tiempo de ejercicio profesional y con actualización reciente se manifestaron con mayor grado de capacidad. Se identificaron múltiples barreras frecuentes asociadas al acceso en la vacunación.


Assuntos
Vacinação , Vacinas , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Argentina , Pediatras , Percepção
2.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 120(1): e49-e53, 2022 02.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35068131

RESUMO

Tumor lysis syndrome is a potentially lethal complication and constitutes with infections the most frequent oncological emergency. In children, this condition can be secondary to neoplastic diseases, with corticosteroids being a triggering factor. This paper presents the case of an adolescent patient, without known or obvious neoplasms, who developed a tumor lysis syndrome after the administration of corticosteroids due to suspected respiratory infection. The clinical presentation and differential diagnoses are discussed. Special focus is placed on the administration of corticosteroids in clinical conditions with weak scientific evidence. The use of systemic corticosteroids in acute respiratory infections should be evaluated in the clinical context and only indicated in situations with proven effectiveness.


El síndrome de lisis tumoral es una complicación potencialmente letal y constituye, junto con las infecciones, la emergencia oncológica más frecuente. En pediatría, este cuadro puede ser secundario a enfermedades neoplásicas, y los corticoides son un factor desencadenante. En este trabajo se presenta el caso de una paciente adolescente, sin neoplasias conocidas o evidentes, que desarrolló un síndrome de lisis tumoral luego de la administración de corticoides por sospecha de una infección respiratoria. Se discute la forma de presentación y los diagnósticos diferenciales del cuadro clínico inicial. Se hace especial foco en la administración de corticoides en cuadros clínicos en los que no existe evidencia científica que respalde fuertemente su indicación. El uso de corticosteroides sistémicos en infecciones respiratorias agudas debe ser evaluado en el contexto clínico y solo debe indicarse en situaciones con probada efectividad.


Assuntos
Síndrome de Lise Tumoral , Adolescente , Corticosteroides/efeitos adversos , Criança , Humanos , Síndrome de Lise Tumoral/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Lise Tumoral/etiologia
3.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 119(4): e345-e348, 2021 08.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34309315

RESUMO

Talc is a hydrated magnesium silicate. It was part of traditional infant and young child care for decades. In children, its acute inhalation, generally accidental during diaper changes, although not frequent, is a potentially dangerous condition, and can cause severe respiratory distress and even death. We describe the case of a 14-month child who had an accidental inhalation of talc, chemical pneumonitis and severe respiratory compromise. The patient had acute respiratory distress syndrome requiring mechanical ventilation for one week. There is no standard treatment, we used systemic antibiotics and corticosteroids and aerosol therapy. He did not have complications in other organs or systems. He was hospitalized for ten days. In the follow up, he had isolated episodes of bronchial hyperresponsiveness.


El talco, un silicato de magnesio hidratado, formó parte durante décadas del cuidado tradicional de lactantes y niños pequeños. Si bien en los niños su inhalación aguda, que suele ser accidental durante el cambio de pañales, no es frecuente, es una condición potencialmente peligrosa, que puede provocar dificultad respiratoria grave e incluso cuadros mortales. Se describe el grave compromiso respiratorio por neumonitis química asociado con la inhalación accidental de talco en un lactante de 14 meses. El niño presentó un cuadro de dificultad respiratoria con requerimiento de asistencia respiratoria mecánica (ARM) durante una semana. En cuanto al tratamiento, no existe un estándar, se utilizaron antibióticos y corticoides sistémicos y aerosolterapia. No presentó complicaciones en otros órganos o sistemas. Su evolución fue favorable, se pudo externar al décimo día de internación y presentó posteriormente episodios aislados de hiperreactividad bronquial.


Assuntos
Pneumonia , Síndrome do Desconforto Respiratório , Administração por Inalação , Criança , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Pneumonia/induzido quimicamente , Respiração Artificial , Talco/efeitos adversos
4.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 119(3): e256-e60, 2021 06.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34033433

RESUMO

Escalator-related injuries are rare but can be a medical emergency with potentially dangerous complications. The severe upper limb involvement related to injury occurred on an escalator is described. A two year-old patient suffered a fall going down an escalator; her left arm was caught between one of the steps and the comb of the last step. She was admitted to the Emergency Room for the initial stabilization. The foreign body was removed in the operating room. No vascular or nervous compromise was found, but there was severe loss of subcutaneous cellular tissue. The metal comb was removed, and repair surgery was performed on the affected limb. She required four more surgical interventions for plastic and reconstructive surgery. The patient had a good clinical evolution and was discharged without functional sequelae.


Las lesiones relacionadas con escaleras mecánicas suelen ser poco frecuentes, pero pueden constituir una emergencia médica con complicaciones potencialmente peligrosas. Se describe el grave compromiso en el miembro superior relacionado con una lesión ocurrida en una escalera mecánica. Paciente de 2 años, que sufrió una caída al bajar por una escalera mecánica, y terminó con el brazo izquierdo atrapado entre uno de los escalones y los peines del descenso del escalón terminal. Ingresó a Emergencias, donde, tras realizar las medidas de estabilización inicial, se trasladó a cirugía para el retiro del cuerpo extraño. No se encontró compromiso vascular o nervioso, pero sí pérdida grave de tejido celular subcutáneo. Se retiró el peine de metal, y se realizó la cirugía reparadora del miembro afectado. Requirió cuatro intervenciones más por Cirugía Plástica y Reparadora. La paciente tuvo buena evolución clínica y recibió el alta sin secuelas funcionales.


Assuntos
Elevadores e Escadas Rolantes , Corpos Estranhos , Braço , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Emergências , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência , Feminino , Humanos
5.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 119(3): e264-e268, 2021 06.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34033435

RESUMO

Diffuse pulmonary lymphangiomatosis is a rare disease characterized by marked proliferation and dilation of lymphatic vessels in the lungs, pleura, and mediastinum. The prevalence is unknown and the etiology is not fully understood. A 22-month-old girl was admitted for polyserositis, with pericardial and pleural effusion. She required pericardiocentesis and pleural drainage, presenting chyle drainage (1.5-4 liters/ day) without response to medical treatment (fasting, parenteral nutrition and octreotide). A lung biopsy was performed. The pathological anatomy showed findings compatible with diffuse pulmonary lymphangiomatosis. Treatment with sirolimus and propanolol began, decreasing losses due to pleural drainage one week after treatment. She progressed well, discontinued oxygen supply and pleural drainage was removed, leaving the patient after the fourth month of hospitalization. Early diagnosis of diffuse pulmonary lymphangiomatosis is difficult to achieve, but it allows the application of therapies that prevent disease progression, reducing morbidity and mortality.


La linfangiomatosis pulmonar difusa es una enfermedad rara caracterizada por una marcada proliferación y dilatación de los vasos linfáticos en los pulmones, la pleura y el mediastino. Se desconoce la prevalencia, y la etiología no se comprende completamente. Una niña de 22 meses ingresó por poliserositis, con derrame pericárdico y pleural. Requirió pericardiocentesis y avenamiento pleural, y presentó drenaje de quilo (1,5- 4 litros/día) sin respuesta al tratamiento médico (ayuno, nutrición parenteral y octreotide). Se realizó biopsia pulmonar. La anatomía patológica mostró hallazgos compatibles con linfangiomatosis difusa pulmonar. Comenzó tratamiento con sirolimus y propanolol, que disminuyeron las pérdidas por el drenaje pleural a la semana. Presentó buena evolución; suspendió aporte de oxígeno y se retiró el drenaje pleural. Se externó al cuarto mes de internación. El diagnóstico temprano de la linfangiomatosis pulmonar difusa es difícil de lograr, pero permite aplicar terapéuticas que evitan la progresión de enfermedad y disminuir la morbimortalidad.


Assuntos
Pneumopatias , Linfangiectasia , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Mediastino , Pleura , Tórax
6.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 118(6): e558-e561, 2020 12.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33231061

RESUMO

Involuntary ingestion or aspiration of a brace device and/ or orthodontic arch part can constitute a medical emergency with potentially dangerous complications. The objective of this communication is to describe a rare complication of posterior displacement and ingestion of the brace arch. A 13-year-old girl, suffers from a break in orthodontia during feeding, with the subsequent ingestion of part of it. She presented dysphagia after the fact; it did not improve despite the intake of soft foods. She consulted in the Emergency Department for dysphagia, sialorrhea, pain in the pharynx and mild respiratory distress. Extraction of the orthodontic element was performed endoscopically. The embedded wire was observed at the level of the lower pole of the right amygdala and it was removed. Esophagoscopy was also performed, not observing remains of it in the esophagus. The patient was discharged without sequelae.


La ingestión involuntaria o la aspiración de un dispositivo o pieza de arco de los brackets y/u ortodoncias pueden constituir una emergencia médica con complicaciones potencialmente peligrosas. El objetivo de esta comunicación es describir una complicación poco frecuente del desplazamiento e ingesta posterior del arco de brackets. Paciente de 13 años de edad, que sufrió la ruptura de la ortodoncia durante la alimentación, con la posterior ingesta de una parte. Padeció disfagia, que no mejoró a pesar de la ingesta de alimentos blandos. Consultó en el Servicio de Emergencias y presentó disfagia, sialorrea, dolor en la faringe y dificultad respiratoria leve. Se realizó la extracción del elemento de ortodoncia por vía endoscópica; se observó el alambre incrustado a nivel del polo inferior de la amígdala derecha y se extrajo. Se realizó, además, esofagoscopía, y no se observaron restos de este en el esófago. La paciente recibió el alta sin secuelas.


Assuntos
Braquetes Ortodônticos , Fios Ortodônticos , Adolescente , Feminino , Humanos
7.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 117(6): e664-e669, 2019 12 01.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31758907

RESUMO

Since the wild poliovirus no longer circulates, the number of cases of acute flaccid paralysis decreased. However, cases related to non-polio enteroviruses and neurotrope viruses continue to occur. We present a nine-year-old patient with meningitis and myelitis with motor involvement in the lower limbs and neurogenic bladder associated with enterovirus, with complete resolution of the neurological symptoms following the administration of hyperimmune gammaglobulin.


Desde la eliminación de la circulación del virus polio salvaje, disminuyeron los casos de parálisis fláccida aguda. Sin embargo, continúan ocurriendo casos asociados a otros enterovirus no polio y virus neurotropos. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 9 años con diagnóstico de meningitis y mielitis con compromiso motor en los miembros inferiores y vejiga neurogénica asociado a enterovirus, con resolución completa del cuadro neurológico posterior a la administración de gammaglobulina hiperinmune.


Assuntos
Infecções por Enterovirus/diagnóstico , Meningite Viral/virologia , Mielite/virologia , Paralisia/virologia , Criança , Infecções por Enterovirus/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por Enterovirus/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Meningite Viral/tratamento farmacológico , Mielite/tratamento farmacológico , Paralisia/tratamento farmacológico , Bexiga Urinaria Neurogênica/tratamento farmacológico , Bexiga Urinaria Neurogênica/virologia , gama-Globulinas/administração & dosagem
8.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 117(3): S135-S156, 2019 06.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31833341

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Severe sepsis (SS) is one of the leading causes of pediatric mortality in Argentina. The objective was to describe the epidemiological characteristics and to analyze risk factors associated with mortality from SS among patients hospitalized in pediatric intensive care units (PICU) in Argentina. POPULATION AND METHODS: Observational, prospective cohort study among patients with SS hospitalized in PICUs in Argentina from 8/1/2008 to 9/30/2008. RESULTS: Two thousand five hundred and fifty nine patients were admitted at 59 PICUs. A total of 315 patients (335 events) were included. Patients' median age was 8 months (1-182). The frequency was 13.8 %, and 28-day mortality was 31.6 %. Patients with a higher mortality were those who were coming from rural areas, had comorbidities at the time of admission or a history of cancer, had shock or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), were administered low-dose corticosteroids or vasoactive drugs or more than 60 ml/kg of fluid in the first hour and in the first 6hours, and had severe malnutrition. Following adjustment by severity using a multivariate logistic regression model, only coming from a rural area, having shock or ARDS remained associated with 28-day mortality. Forty per cent of patients received antibiotics 60 minutes after diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: SS is an event with a high frequency and mortality in Argentina. In the severity adjusted multivariate analysis, only coming from a rural area, having ARDS and/or shock were associated with higher mortality.


Introducción. La sepsis grave (SG) es una de las principales causas de mortalidad pediátrica en Argentina. El objetivo fue describir las características epidemiológicas y analizar los factores asociados a la mortalidad de la SG en pacientes internados en unidades de cuidados intensivos pediátricos (UCIP) de Argentina. Pacientes y métodos. Estudio observacional, de cohorte prospectiva en pacientes con SG internados en UCIP de Argentina del 1/8/2008 al 30/9/2008. Resultados. En 59 UCIP, ingresaron 2559 pacientes. Se incluyeron 315 pacientes, que tuvieron 335 eventos. La mediana de edad fue 8 meses (1-182). La frecuencia fue del 13,8 % y la mortalidad a los 28 días, del 31,6 %. Tuvieron mayor mortalidad quienes procedían del ámbito rural, presentaban una comorbilidad al ingresar o antecedentes oncológicos, tenían shock o síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda (SDRA), recibieron corticoides en bajas dosis o drogas vasoactivas o más de 60 ml/kg de fluidos en la primera hora y en las 6 primeras horas, y los desnutridos graves. Al ajustarse por gravedad en un modelo de regresión logística multivariado, solo mantuvieron la asociación con mortalidad a los 28 días el provenir del ámbito rural, tener shock o SDRA. El 40 % de los pacientes recibieron antibióticos después de los 60 minutos del diagnóstico. Conclusiones. La SG es un evento de elevada frecuencia y mortalidad en Argentina. En el análisis multivariado ajustado por gravedad, solo provenir del área rural, la presencia de SDRA y/o de shock se asociaron a mayor mortalidad.


Assuntos
Mortalidade Hospitalar , Sepse/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Argentina/epidemiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Hidratação , Humanos , Lactente , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica/estatística & dados numéricos , Masculino , Neoplasias/epidemiologia , Estado Nutricional , Estudos Prospectivos , Análise de Regressão , Síndrome do Desconforto Respiratório/epidemiologia , Fatores de Risco , População Rural/estatística & dados numéricos , Sepse/mortalidade , Sepse/terapia
9.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 122(3): e202310204, jun. 2024. tab, gráf
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1554934

RESUMO

Introducción. El descenso de las coberturas de vacunación fue muy significativo en la última década. Los pediatras son una pieza fundamental para recuperar coberturas y aumentar la confianza en la vacunación. Objetivos. Describir la percepción de los pediatras acerca del conocimiento y prácticas sobre vacunas, e identificar barreras en el acceso. Métodos. Estudio analítico observacional, mediante encuesta en línea. Se incluyeron variables del perfil del profesional, capacitación y barreras en inmunizaciones. Resultados. Participaron 1696 pediatras (tasa de respuesta: 10,7 %), media de 50,4 años. El 78,7 % fueron mujeres. El 78,2 % contaba con ≥10 años de ejercicio profesional. El 78,4 % realizaba atención ambulatoria y el 56,0 % en el subsector privado. El 72,5 % realizó una capacitación en los últimos 2 años. Se manifestaron "capacitados" para transmitir a sus pacientes los beneficios de las vacunas: 97,2 %; objetivos de campañas: 87,7 %; contraindicaciones: 82,4 %; efectos adversos: 78,9 %; recupero de esquemas: 71,2 %; notificación de ESAVI: 59,5 %. La proporción fue estadísticamente superior, en todos los aspectos, en pediatras con ≥10 años de ejercicio y en aquellos con capacitación reciente (p ≤ 0,01). Barreras identificadas en el acceso a la vacunación: falsas contraindicaciones (62,3 %); falta temporaria de vacunas (46,4 %); motivos culturales (41,4 %); horario restringido del vacunatorio (40,6 %). Conclusiones. La percepción del grado de capacitación fue variable según el aspecto de la vacunación. Aquellos con mayor tiempo de ejercicio profesional y con actualización reciente se manifestaron con mayor grado de capacidad. Se identificaron múltiples barreras frecuentes asociadas al acceso en la vacunación.


Introduction. The decline in vaccination coverage has been very significant in the past decade. Pediatriciansplay a key role in catching-up coverage and increasing confidence in vaccination. Objectives. To describe pediatricians' perceptions of vaccine knowledge and practices and to identify barriers to access. Methods. Observational, analytical study using an online survey. Variables related to professional profile, training and barriers to vaccination were included. Results. A total of 1696 pediatricians participated (response rate: 10.7%). Their mean age was 50.4 years; 78.7% were women; 78.2% had ≥ 10 years of experience; 78.4% provided outpatient care and 56.0%, in the private subsector; and 72.5% received training in the past 2 years. Respondents described themselves as "trained" in convey the following aspects to their patients: benefits of vaccines: 97.2%; campaign objectives: 87.7%; contraindications: 82.4%; adverse effects: 78.9%; catchup vaccination: 71.2%; reporting of events supposedly attributable to vaccination or immunization: 59.5%. The proportion was statistically higher in all aspects, among pediatricians with ≥ 10 years of experience and those who received training recently (p ≤ 0.01). The barriers identified in access to vaccination were false contraindications (62.3%), temporary vaccine shortage (46.4%), cultural reasons (41.4%), and restricted vaccination center hours (40.6%). Conclusions. The perception of the level of training varied depending on the vaccination-related aspect. Pediatricians with more years of professional experience and those who received recent updates perceivedthemselves as more trained. Multiple barriers associated with access to vaccination were identified.


Assuntos
Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Vacinas , Vacinação , Percepção , Argentina , Inquéritos e Questionários , Pediatras
10.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 120(1): e49-e53, feb 2022. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1353830

RESUMO

El síndrome de lisis tumoral es una complicación potencialmente letal y constituye, junto con las infecciones, la emergencia oncológica más frecuente. En pediatría, este cuadro puede ser secundario a enfermedades neoplásicas, y los corticoides son un factor desencadenante. En este trabajo se presenta el caso de una paciente adolescente, sin neoplasias conocidas o evidentes, que desarrolló un síndrome de lisis tumoral luego de la administración de corticoides por sospecha de una infección respiratoria. Se discute la forma de presentación y los diagnósticos diferenciales del cuadro clínico inicial. Se hace especial foco en la administración de corticoides en cuadros clínicos en los que no existe evidencia científica que respalde fuertemente su indicación. El uso de corticosteroides sistémicos en infecciones respiratorias agudas debe ser evaluado en el contexto clínico y solo debe indicarse en situaciones con probada efectividad.


Tumor lysis syndrome is a potentially lethal complication and constitutes with infections the most frequent oncological emergency. In children, this condition can be secondary to neoplastic diseases, with corticosteroids being a triggering factor. This paper presents the case of an adolescent patient, without known or obvious neoplasms, who developed a tumor lysis syndrome after the administration of corticosteroids due to suspected respiratory infection.The clinical presentation and differential diagnoses are discussed. Special focus is placed on the administration of corticosteroids in clinical conditions with weak scientific evidence. The use of systemic corticosteroids in acute respiratory infections should be evaluated in the clinical context and only indicated in situations with proven effectiveness.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adolescente , Síndrome de Lise Tumoral/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Lise Tumoral/etiologia , Corticosteroides/efeitos adversos
11.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 119(4): e345-e348, agosto 2021. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1281782

RESUMO

El talco, un silicato de magnesio hidratado, formó parte durante décadas del cuidado tradicional de lactantes y niños pequeños. Si bien en los niños su inhalación aguda, que suele ser accidental durante el cambio de pañales, no es frecuente, es una condición potencialmente peligrosa, que puede provocar dificultad respiratoria grave e incluso cuadros mortales. Se describe el grave compromiso respiratorio por neumonitis química asociado con la inhalación accidental de talco en un lactante de 14 meses. El niño presentó un cuadro de dificultad respiratoria con requerimiento de asistencia respiratoria mecánica (ARM) durante una semana. En cuanto al tratamiento, no existe un estándar, se utilizaron antibióticos y corticoides sistémicos y aerosolterapia. No presentó complicaciones en otros órganos o sistemas. Su evolución fue favorable, se pudo externar al décimo día de internación y presentó posteriormente episodios aislados de hiperreactividad bronquial.


Talc is a hydrated magnesium silicate. It was part of traditional infant and young child care for decades. In children, its acute inhalation, generally accidental during diaper changes, although not frequent, is a potentially dangerous condition, and can cause severe respiratory distress and even death. We describe the case of a 14-month child who had an accidental inhalation of talc, chemical pneumonitis and severe respiratory compromise. The patient had acute respiratory distress syndrome requiring mechanical ventilation for one week. There is no standard treatment, we used systemic antibiotics and corticosteroids and aerosol therapy. He did not have complications in other organs or systems. He was hospitalized for ten days. In the follow up, he had isolated episodes of bronchial hyperresponsiveness.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Lactente , Pneumonia/induzido quimicamente , Insuficiência Respiratória/induzido quimicamente , Talco/efeitos adversos , Pneumonia/terapia , Respiração Artificial , Insuficiência Respiratória/terapia , Acidentes Domésticos , Inalação , Intubação Intratraqueal
12.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 119(3): e256-e260, Junio 2021. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1248223

RESUMO

Las lesiones relacionadas con escaleras mecánicas suelen ser poco frecuentes, pero pueden constituir una emergencia médica con complicaciones potencialmente peligrosas. Se describe el grave compromiso en el miembro superior relacionado con una lesión ocurrida en una escalera mecánica. Paciente de 2 años, que sufrió una caída al bajar por una escalera mecánica, y terminó con el brazo izquierdo atrapado entre uno de los escalones y los peines del descenso del escalón terminal.Ingresó a Emergencias, donde, tras realizar las medidas de estabilización inicial, se trasladó a cirugía para el retiro del cuerpo extraño. No se encontró compromiso vascular o nervioso, pero sí pérdida grave de tejido celular subcutáneo. Se retiró el peine de metal, y se realizó la cirugía reparadora del miembro afectado. Requirió cuatro intervenciones más por Cirugía Plástica y Reparadora. La paciente tuvo buena evolución clínica y recibió el alta sin secuelas funcionales


Escalator-related injuries are rare but can be a medical emergency with potentially dangerous complications. The severe upper limb involvement related to injury occurred on an escalator is described.A two year-old patient suffered a fall going down an escalator; her left arm was caught between one of the steps and the comb of the last step.She was admitted to the Emergency Room for the initial stabilization. The foreign body was removed in the operating room. No vascular or nervous compromise was found, but there was severe loss of subcutaneous cellular tissue. The metal comb was removed, and repair surgery was performed on the affected limb. She required four more surgical interventions for plastic and reconstructive surgery. The patient had a good clinical evolution and was discharged without functional sequelae.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Braço/cirurgia , Elevadores e Escadas Rolantes , Ferimentos e Lesões
13.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 119(3): e264-e268, Junio 2021. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1248231

RESUMO

La linfangiomatosis pulmonar difusa es una enfermedad rara caracterizada por una marcada proliferación y dilatación de los vasos linfáticos en los pulmones, la pleura y el mediastino. Se desconoce la prevalencia, y la etiología no se comprende completamente.Una niña de 22 meses ingresó por poliserositis, con derrame pericárdico y pleural. Requirió pericardiocentesis y avenamiento pleural, y presentó drenaje de quilo (1,5-4 litros/día) sin respuesta al tratamiento médico (ayuno, nutrición parenteral y octreotide). Se realizó biopsia pulmonar. La anatomía patológica mostró hallazgos compatibles con linfangiomatosis difusa pulmonar. Comenzó tratamiento con sirolimus y propanolol, que disminuyeron las pérdidas por el drenaje pleural a la semana. Presentó buena evolución; suspendió aporte de oxígeno y se retiró el drenaje pleural. Se externó al cuarto mes de internación. El diagnóstico temprano de la linfangiomatosis pulmonar difusa es difícil de lograr, pero permite aplicar terapéuticas que evitan la progresión de enfermedad y disminuir la morbimortalida


Diffuse pulmonary lymphangiomatosis is a rare disease characterized by marked proliferation and dilation of lymphatic vessels in the lungs, pleura, and mediastinum. The prevalence is unknown and the etiology is not fully understood.A 22-month-old girl was admitted for polyserositis, with pericardial and pleural effusion. She required pericardiocentesis and pleural drainage, presenting chyle drainage (1.5-4 liters/day) without response to medical treatment (fasting, parenteral nutrition and octreotide). A lung biopsy was performed. The pathological anatomy showed findings compatible with diffuse pulmonary lymphangiomatosis. Treatment with sirolimus and propanolol began, decreasing losses due to pleural drainage one week after treatment. She progressed well, discontinued oxygen supply and pleural drainage was removed, leaving the patient after the fourth month of hospitalization.Early diagnosis of diffuse pulmonary lymphangiomatosis is difficult to achieve, but it allows the application of therapies that prevent disease progression, reducing morbidity and mortality.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Lactente , Pneumopatias/congênito , Linfangiectasia/congênito , Derrame Pleural , Propranolol/uso terapêutico , Biópsia , Sirolimo/uso terapêutico , Pneumopatias/patologia , Pneumopatias/diagnóstico por imagem , Linfangiectasia/patologia , Linfangiectasia/diagnóstico por imagem
14.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 118(6): e558-e561, dic 2020. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1146222

RESUMO

La ingestión involuntaria o la aspiración de un dispositivo o pieza de arco de los brackets y/u ortodoncias pueden constituir una emergencia médica con complicaciones potencialmente peligrosas. El objetivo de esta comunicación es describir una complicación poco frecuente del desplazamiento e ingesta posterior del arco de brackets.Paciente de 13 años de edad, que sufrió la ruptura de la ortodoncia durante la alimentación, con la posterior ingesta de una parte. Padeció disfagia, que no mejoró a pesar de la ingesta de alimentos blandos. Consultó en el Servicio de Emergencias y presentó disfagia, sialorrea, dolor en la faringe y dificultad respiratoria leve. Se realizó la extracción del elemento de ortodoncia por vía endoscópica; se observó el alambre incrustado a nivel del polo inferior de la amígdala derecha y se extrajo. Se realizó, además, esofagoscopía, y no se observaron restos de este en el esófago. La paciente recibió el alta sin secuelas


Involuntary ingestion or aspiration of a brace device and/or orthodontic arch part can constitute a medical emergency with potentially dangerous complications. The objective of this communication is to describe a rare complication of posterior displacement and ingestion of the brace arch.A 13-year-old girl, suffers from a break in orthodontia during feeding, with the subsequent ingestion of part of it. She presented dysphagia after the fact; it did not improve despite the intake of soft foods. She consulted in the Emergency Department for dysphagia, sialorrhea, pain in the pharynx and mild respiratory distress. Extraction of the orthodontic element was performed endoscopically. The embedded wire was observed at the level of the lower pole of the right amygdala and it was removed. Esophagoscopy was also performed, not observing remains of it in the esophagus. The patient was discharged without sequelae.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adolescente , Braquetes Ortodônticos , Hipofaringe , Deglutição , Endoscopia , Corpos Estranhos/diagnóstico por imagem
15.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 113(5): 425-32, 2015 10.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26294147

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Pediatric intensive care residency programs have been in place in Argentina for just a few years. Knowing their status offers the possibility to establish strategies to help with professional development and training. OBJECTIVES: 1) To describe the characteristics of pediatric intensive care residency programs across Argentina. 2) To assess whether certain characteristics are related to a higher vacancy filling rate. 3) To assess job placement in the hospital where residents are trained. DESIGN: Descriptive, observational study. National survey. INCLUSION CRITERIA: Pediatric intensive care residency programs in place between April 1st, 2014 and May 31st, 2014. RESULTS: Thirty-one residency programs were analyzed. Only 11/31 had an annual hospitalization volume >400 patients. There were no guidelines and/or criteria for care in 9/31. The program suited the national reference framework in 17/31. There was no head of residents or resident trainer in 13/31. Only 5/31 had been certified by the Ministry of Health. There were 65 vacancies; this number increased in the past four years; vacancy filling rate decreased from 59% in 2009 to 30% in 2013. Sixty percent of residents got a job in the pediatric intensive care unit where they were trained. A multivariate logistic regression analysis identified the outcome measure annual hospitalization volume >400 patients as an independent predictor of vacancy filling rate >60%. CONCLUSIONS: 1) Vacancy filling is deficient. 2) The number of certified residency programs is scarce. 3) Pediatric intensive care units with a higher number of hospitalizations were associated with a higher vacancy filling rate. 4) More than half of residents got a job in the pediatric intensive care unit where they were trained.


Assuntos
Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica , Internato e Residência , Pediatria/educação , Argentina , Inquéritos e Questionários , Recursos Humanos
16.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 117(6): 664-669, dic. 2019. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1046726

RESUMO

Desde la eliminación de la circulación del virus polio salvaje, disminuyeron los casos de parálisis fláccida aguda. Sin embargo, continúan ocurriendo casos asociados a otros enterovirus no polio y virus neurotropos. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 9 años con diagnóstico de meningitis y mielitis con compromiso motor en los miembros inferiores y vejiga neurogénica asociado a enterovirus, con resolución completa del cuadro neurológico posterior a la administración de gammaglobulina hiperinmune.


Since the wild poliovirus no longer circulates, the number of cases of acute flaccid paralysis decreased. However, cases related to non-polio enteroviruses and neurotrope viruses continue to occur. We present a nine-year-old patient with meningitis and myelitis with motor involvement in the lower limbs and neurogenic bladder associated with enterovirus, with complete resolution of the neurological symptoms following the administration of hyperimmune gammaglobulin.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Criança , gama-Globulinas/uso terapêutico , Enterovirus , Mielite/diagnóstico por imagem , Paralisia
18.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 110(6): 466-73, 2012 12.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23224303

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: There is currently a deficiency of physicians in pediatric intensive care units (PICU). The cause of this deficit is multifactorial, although the burnout phenomenon has been described as relevant. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the situation of human resource in the pediatric intensive care units in Argentina and measure the level of burnout. METHODS: An observational cross-sectional study through surveys administered electronically; the Maslach Burnout Inventory was used. Physicians that work at public o private pediatric intensive care units in Argentina during at least 24 hours per week were invited to participate. RESULTS: A total of 162 surveys were completed (response rate 60%). We observed a high risk of burnout in emotional exhaustion in 40 therapists (25%), in fulfillment in 9 (6%), and depersonalization in 31 (19%). In combination, 66 professionals (41%) had a high risk of burnout to some extent; there were independent protective factors of this risk as to be certified in the specialty (ORA 0.38, 95% CI 0.19 to 0.75) and work in public sector PICU (ORA 0.31, 95% CI 0.15 to 0.65), while working more than 36 hours/week on duty increased the risk (ORA 1.94, 95% CI 1.1 to 3.85). Additionally, 31% said that they did not plan to continue working in intensive care, and 86% did not think to continue with on call duties in the following years. Over 60% of respondents reported that changes in professional practice (salary, staff positions, early retirement, fewer loads on call) could prolong the expectation of continuing activities in PICU. CONCLUSIONS: A significant percentage of doctors working in the PICU of Argentina have a high risk of burnout syndrome and a low expectation of continuing in the field.


Assuntos
Esgotamento Profissional/epidemiologia , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Pediatria , Adulto , Argentina , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica , Masculino
19.
Arch Argent Pediatr ; 108(3): 216-25, 2010 Jun.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20544136

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a common setting in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). There are very few reports or publications that evaluate the form of CPR administered in children. OBJECTIVES: 1) Identify the etiology and epidemiology of the CPR in the PICU. 2) Describe how to conduct CPR. 3) Describe the drugs used. 4) Knowing the patient outcomes. 5) Knowing CPR training of physicians in the PICU. PATIENTS AND METHODS: All children with cardiopulmonary arrest who were resuscitated in the PICU between 01/04/2004- 31/03/2005. A prospective cohort study. RESULTS: There were 2065 admissions in nine 9 PICU and CPR was conducted in 132 patients (6.39%). Most common etiologies of PCR were hypoxia and hypotension (65.9% of total). The initial rates of PCR were 43.94% bradycardia, asystolia 43.18%, 9.85% ventricular arrhythmias. The average beginning of time of CPR was 0.08 minutes (SD 0.25) and the average total duration was 25.91 minutes (SD 18.56). Patients who require drugs were 131. The number (mean) dose of adrenaline was 4.03 (SD 2.78). Increased number of doses of adrenaline was associated with less chance of recovery of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), OR 0.48 95% CI 0.37-0.63. (p= 0.000). The duration of CPR was inversely associated and significantly related to achieve ROSC, OR 0.93 95% CI 0.87-0.99. One hundred and four (78.79%) patients died and 28 survived. All survived were discharged from PICU, but 26 from hospital. In 22 patients there were not evidence of severe neurological damage when discharged home. CONCLUSIONS: Most common etiologies of PCR were hypoxia and shock. Most children received drugs. The drugs most used were the association adrenaline-bicarbonate and adrenaline alone. The chances of recovery were not favorable when CPR was conducted for over sixty minutes or more than six doses of adrenaline were given, without response. CPR in PICU children has a high mortality. Most patients discharged from hospital, had neurological normal state or slight disability. PICU physicians were highly trained in CPR with resuscitation courses.


Assuntos
Reanimação Cardiopulmonar , Parada Cardíaca/terapia , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica , Adolescente , Argentina , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Estudos Prospectivos , Registros
20.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 113(5): 425-432, oct. 2015. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-757064

RESUMO

Introducción. La residencia de terapia intensiva pediátrica (TIP) tiene pocos años de desarrollo en nuestro país. Conocer su situación brinda la posibilidad de establecer estrategias para contribuir al desarrollo y capacitación de profesionales. Objetivos. 1) Describir las características de las residencias de TIP del país. 2) Evaluar si existen características que se relacionen con una mayor ocupación de las vacantes. 3) Explorar la inserción laboral en el hospital formador de los residentes. Diseño. Descriptivo, observacional. Encuesta nacional. Criterios de inclusión. Residencias de TIP funcionales entre el 1/4/2014 y el 31/5/2014. Resultados. Se analizaron 31 residencias. Solo 11/31 tenían volumen de internación anual >400 pacientes. No había normas y/o criterios de atención en 9/31. En 17/31, el programa estuvo adecuado al marco de referencia nacional. Hubo 13/31 que no contaban con jefe ni instructor de residentes. Fueron acreditadas por el Ministerio de Salud 5/31. Hubo 65 vacantes; el número aumentó en los últimos 4 años; la ocupación disminuyó de 59% en 2009 a 30% en 2013. El 60% de los residentes tuvo inserción laboral en la TIP formadora. El análisis de regresión logística multivariado identificó la variable ingresos anuales > 400 pacientes como predictora independiente de ocupación de vacantes > 60%. Conclusiones. 1) Hay un déficit en la ocupación de cargos. 2) El número de residencias acreditadas es escaso. 3) Las unidades de cuidados intensivos pediátricos con mayor número de ingresos se asociaron a una mayor cobertura de vacantes. 4) Más de la mitad de los residentes se insertaron laboralmente en la TIP formadora.


Introduction. Pediatric intensive care residency programs have been in place in Argentina for just a few years. Knowing their status offers the possibility to establish strategies to help with professional development and training. Objectives. 1) To describe the characteristics of pediatric intensive care residency programs across Argentina. 2) To assess whether certain characteristics are related to a higher vacancy filling rate. 3) To assess job placement in the hospital where residents are trained. Design. Descriptive, observational study. National survey. Inclusion criteria. Pediatric intensive care residency programs in place between April 1st, 2014 and May 31st, 2014. Results. Thirty-one residency programs were analyzed. Only 11/31 had an annual hospitalization volume >400patients. There were no guidelines and/or criteria for care in 9/31. The program suited the national reference frameworkin17/31. There was no head ofresidents or resident trainer in 13/31. Only 5/31 had been certified by the Ministry of Health. There were 65 vacancies; this number increased in the past four years; vacancy filling rate decreased from 59% in 2009 to 30% in 2013. Sixty percent of residents got a job in the pediatric intensive care unit where they were trained. A multivariate logistic regression analysis identified the outcome measure annual hospitalization volume >400 patients as an independent predictor of vacancy filling rate >60%. Conclusions. 1) Vacancy filling is deficient. 2) The number of certified residency programs is scarce. 3) Pediatric intensive care units with a higher number of hospitalizations were associated with a higher vacancy filling rate. 4) More than half of residents got a job in the pediatric intensive care unit where they were trained.


Assuntos
Clonagem Molecular , Dioxigenases/genética , Frutas/genética , Expressão Gênica , Malus/genética , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Estresse Fisiológico/genética , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Mapeamento Cromossômico , Dioxigenases/química , Frutas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas , Íntrons , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Malus/classificação , Malus/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Filogenia , Regiões Promotoras Genéticas , Proteínas de Plantas/química , Sequências Reguladoras de Ácido Nucleico , Alinhamento de Sequência , Análise de Sequência de DNA
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