Nurses' experiences of providing transcultural nursing care to minority patients in Yunnan province: A descriptive qualitative study.

Cultural competency is essential for providing transcultural nursing care. This qualitative study explores nurses' experiences of providing transcultural nursing care to patients from ethnic minority in Yunnan province, China, with the aim of supplementing and enriching previous quantitative research. Yunnan is home to 25 ethnic minorities with the highest proportion (33.1%) of people from ethnic minorities in China. A descriptive qualitative method was used to describe the experiences of 12 nurses. Data were collected in October 2020 through semistructured interviews and analyzed using conventional content analysis methods. Three themes were generated, including limitations of resources to provide transcultural nursing care, challenges in providing transcultural nursing care, and concerns about the quality of nursing care. The results suggest that there is scope for improving cultural competence of nurses in Yunnan through education that would enable them to provide high-quality transcultural nursing care. Training topics could include transcultural knowledge, cultural sensitivity, minority languages, and immersive multicultural experiences. Other suggested improvements include a resource room for transcultural care, the accommodation of religious and dietary needs, and dedicated staff who lead transcultural care in hospitals.

Determinants of transcultural self-efficacy among nurses in China: A cross-sectional study.

In this cross-sectional study, we explored the current status and the correlates of self-perceived transcultural self-efficacy among nurses working in a tertiary hospital in Hangzhou, China. A total of 336 nurses (age range, 24-50 years) completed the Chinese version of the Transcultural Self-Efficacy Tool. The majority of respondents were female (94.64%), and 67.26% were government employees. Between group differences were assessed using the rank sum test. Most nurses had a below-moderate level of self-perceived transcultural self-efficacy in all subscales (Cognitive [67.69%]; Practical [71.65%], Affective [66.75%]). Age, professional title, employment type, and income level had a significant influence on all three subscale scores of the survey instrument. Our findings highlight the need for inclusion of transcultural nursing in the continuing education curricula for nurses. Nursing managers should target continuing education based on the demographic characteristics of nurses. Hospital managers should consider minimizing the pay disparity between government-employed and temporary nurses. These initiatives can help improve the quality of nursing care in a cross-cultural milieu.

Evaluating cultural competence among Japanese clinical nurses: Analyses of a translated scale.

This paper describes the factor analysis testing and construct validation of the Japanese version of the Caffrey Cultural Competence Health Services (J-CCCHS). The inventory, composed of 28 items, was translated using language and subject matter experts. Psychometric testing (exploratory factor, alpha reliability, and confirmatory factor analyses) was undertaken with nurses (N = 7494, 92% female, mean age 32.6 years) from 19 hospitals across Japan. Principal components extraction with varimax rotation yielded a 5-factor solution (62.31% variance explained) that was labeled: knowledge, comfort-proximal, comfort-distal, awareness, and awareness of national policy. Cronbach α for the subscales ranged from 0.756 to 0.892. In confirmatory factor analysis using the robust maximum likelihood estimator, the chi-square test was as follows: χ2 (340) = 14604.44, P < .001. After correlated errors were introduced, there was evidence of improved model fit (χ2 (335) = 8681.61, P < .05) but the other indices showed improvement (RMSEA = .058 [90% CI, 0.057-0.059], TLI = .891, CFI = .903, and SRMR = .059). The discriminating power of the J-CCCHS was indicated by statistically mean differences in J-CCCHS subscale scores between predefined groups. Taking into consideration that this is the first foray into construct validation for this instrument, and that fit was improved when a subsequent data driven model was tested, and it has the ability to distinguish between known groups that are expected to differ in cultural competence, the instrument can be of value to clinicians and educators alike.

Providing cultural care behind the spotlight at the Olympic Games.

The Olympic Games constitutes the world's largest sporting event. Nurses play an important, but poorly discussed, role in emergency care, routine clinical care and preventive care for athletes from many cultures as well as an enormous influx of spectators. In this article, we discuss five important considerations when preparing nurses to provide safe care for Olympians: elite athletes as a cultural group; caring for the Olympic family; disaster preparedness and security; infection control; and principles of transcultural nursing. Because of the nature of the sports and types of injuries and the effects of climate, these challenges differ somewhat between the summer and winter Olympics. Nevertheless, the Olympic games provide a tremendous opportunity to experience transcultural nursing and to highlight how nurses play a significant role in the care of the athletes, the Olympic family, and the spectators.

Caring for women globally: psychometric testing of two instruments translated into five languages for use in cardiovascular recovery.

Among women, cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. After experiencing an acute cardiovascular event, a woman's physical health, the prevalence of morbidities, likelihood of being treated with coronary artery bypass graft surgery, likelihood for referral for cardiac rehabilitation are less favourable than men. The social support resources of marginality and religiousness are associated with physical and mental health outcomes following cardiovascular crises. This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the translated versions (Japanese, Ukrainian, Tagalog, Hispanic and Arabic) of the Koci Marginality Index and the Duke University Religion Index among 282 women (aged 35-92 years) representing seven cultures. Results showed that reliability and validity were strong (coefficient alpha of 0.79 and 0.84). Understanding a woman's social isolation and whether she has a connection to religious groups assists health-care professionals to identify a woman's social support resources during recovery following acute cardiovascular episodes.

Case management: a source of support and stability for the client and the healthcare system.

This article is updated from a series written to introduce a Japanese audience to case management after the enactment of Japan's Long Term Care Insurance Acted in 2000. This act includes a provision for care management, and its anticipation resulted in the creation of a new professional called 'care manager' or 'kaigo shien senmon in.' The series was published last summer in Quality Nursing: The Japanese Journal of Research and Scholarship. The article presents the role of the case manager in the United States including background, definition, and functions of assessment planning, implementation, coordination, monitoring, and evaluation. Benefits of case management to the consumer, providers, payors, and the system are discussed. New directions for case management discussed include working with Community Health Workers to reach culturally diverse populations, population health management case management for long-term care populations, and direct contracting. The article is accompanied by a sidebar, which discusses case management as a linchpin, or central cohesive element that enhances the work of other health system components.

Shifting the healthcare paradigm: the case manager's opportunity and responsibility.

Recent shifts in the healthcare system reflect a shift in thinking from sickness to wellness. This article reviews the paradigm shift, incentive system, and issues related to cost and quality. The role of case management in facilitating this transition is discussed. The article concludes with a discussion of the challenge to use nursing's unique disciplinary perspective that is focused on health to develop new approaches and strategies and the opportunities for case management to expand its scope of practice.

Information management as a process and product of case management.

Information technology is an invaluable tool in case management practice management. Informed use of information technology can facilitate and enhance the work of case managers. This article reviews the usefulness of information management to nursing case management. The article discusses system requirement, security considerations, and database structure for a practice database. Voice-recognition software, video conferencing, and use of the Web sites are discussed as additional practice enhancement.