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1.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39304348

RESUMO

AIM: Backyard production systems (BPS) represent an interface of contact between people, domestic and wild animals. Studies conducted in Chile during the last decade have provided extensive evidence of influenza A virus (IAV) circulation in backyard poultry and swine. The aim of this study was to investigate exposure practices of humans to animal-origin IAV within backyards. METHODS AND RESULTS: Backyard farmers and household members of a total of 101 BPS in the proximity of wetlands located throughout Chile were interviewed between 2021 and 2022. Data were collected on the nature of human-animal contacts through participation in productive activities conducted within backyards, which was used to estimate participants' exposure risk to animal-origin IAV. Additionally, RT-qPCR and serologic IAV active surveillance was carried out in backyard animals. Multilinear regression was used to identify factors associated with exposure risk. Overall, IAV prevalence was 10.1% (95% CI: 4.7%-15.5%) and seroprevalence was 43.5% (95% CI: 29.7%-54.2%), both at the BPS level. Of 180 interviewees, 86% reported participating regularly in poultry or swine exposure activities within the backyard. A greater participation of male participants was observed when evaluating swine exposure activities, while female participation was greater for some activities related to poultry handling. Handwashing was a very extended hygiene practice; however, the use of personal protective equipment was uncommon. Different factors related to participants, households and backyards were associated with an increased exposure risk of participants to animal-origin IAV: (i) older age, (ii) less years of education, (iii) no off-farm work, (iv) greater backyard production value and (v) greater household consumption of backyard products. CONCLUSION: These results indicate the circulation of IAV in BPS and the frequent human-animal contact at this interface, highlighting the need for awareness campaigns and educational programmes aimed at backyard farmers on prevention and biosecurity measures in the management of backyard animals.

2.
Rev Med Chil ; 141(10): 1231-9, 2013 Oct.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24522350

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The current recommendations for treatment of patients with newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) include all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) and anthracycline based chemotherapy. AIM: To evaluate the results of the Chilean protocol following the LPA99 regimen of the Spanish PETHEMA group, except for the replacement of Idarubicin by Daunorubicin. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Induction consisted of Daunorubicin 45 mg/m² on days 2, 4, 6 and 8 plus ATRA 45 mg/m² daily until complete remission. Patients in complete remission (CR) received three monthly chemotherapy courses: Daunorubicin 45 mg/m²/d/4days i.v. and ATRA 45 mg/m²/d/15 days p.o. (course no. 1); Mitoxantrone 10 mg/m²/d/5 days i.v. and ATRA 45 mg/m²/d/15 days p.o. (course no. 2); Daunorubicin 60 mg/m²/d/ day 1 i.v. in the low risk group, and 1 and 2 in the intermediate-high risk groups and ATRA 45 mg/m²/d/15 days p.o. (course no. 3). Maintenance therapy consisted of mercaptopurine 90 mg/m²/d p.o., methotrexate 15 mg/m²/wk p.o. and, ATRA intermittently, 45 mg/m²/d p.o. for 15 days every three months. RESULTS: Between January 2000 and December 2005, 56 patients with newly diagnosed APL from 10 centers were enrolled. A total of 46 patients achieved CR (85%), 8 (15%) died of early complications, seven patients relapsed, with a 16% relapse risk at three years. The 5-year Kaplan-Meier estimates of overall survival and relapse-free survival were 64% and 84% respectively. CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that this protocol has a good antileukemic effect but further reduction of early death and relapse, especially in the high risk group is needed.


Assuntos
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/administração & dosagem , Daunorrubicina/administração & dosagem , Leucemia Promielocítica Aguda/tratamento farmacológico , Tretinoína/administração & dosagem , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Chile , Feminino , Humanos , Quimioterapia de Indução , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Leucemia Promielocítica Aguda/diagnóstico , Leucemia Promielocítica Aguda/mortalidade , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem
3.
Cancer Genet ; 204(7): 410-2, 2011 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21872829

RESUMO

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is characterized by the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph), which results from a balanced translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22, the t(9;22)(q34;q11.2). In 5-10% of the cases, variants of the Ph (vPh) are detected, involving various breakpoints in addition to 9q34 and 22q11.2. Deletions on the der(9) and der(22) can be detected in approximately 10-15% of CML patients. The frequency of a deletion of the der(9) in vPh CML is variable. Most studies have shown high frequencies (30-45%) in this subgroup. We report the cytogenetic evaluation of 25 vPh cases, which represents 6.8% of the CML cases diagnosed at one institution in 20 years. The breakpoints of the partners of the vPh in our patients agree with those reported previously, except for a novel 18q23. We found a low incidence of deletions of the der(9) (10%) and der(22) (5%) in these patients, contrasting with several reports in the literature. This finding may reflect the extensive spectrum of aberrations in vPh, and the possibility that a considerable group of these aberrations may not affect the genetic stability of 5'ABL1 and 3'BCR. Epidemiologic differences may also exist and could explain our results. These differences would require further investigation.


Assuntos
Citogenética/métodos , Leucemia Mielogênica Crônica BCR-ABL Positiva/diagnóstico , Cromossomo Filadélfia , Translocação Genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Criança , Chile , Deleção Cromossômica , Feminino , Humanos , Hibridização in Situ Fluorescente , Cariotipagem , Leucemia Mielogênica Crônica BCR-ABL Positiva/genética , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem
4.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 141(10): 1231-1239, oct. 2013. ilus, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-701730

RESUMO

Background: The current recommendations for treatment of patients with newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) include all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) and anthracycline based chemotherapy. Aim: To evaluate the results of the Chilean protocol following the LPA99 regimen of the Spanish PETHEMA group, except for the replacement of Idarubicin by Daunorubicin. Patients and Methods: Induction consisted of Daunorubicin 45 mg/m² on days 2, 4, 6 and 8 plus ATRA 45 mg/m² daily until complete remission. Patients in complete remission (CR) received three monthly chemotherapy courses: Daunorubicin 45 mg/m²/d/4days i.v. and ATRA 45 mg/m²/d/15 days p.o. (course no. 1); Mitoxantrone 10 mg/m²/d/5 days i.v. and ATRA 45 mg/m²/d/15 days p.o. (course no. 2); Daunorubicin 60 mg/m²/d/ day 1 i.v. in the low risk group, and 1 and 2 in the intermediate-high risk groups and ATRA 45 mg/m²/d/15 days p.o. (course no. 3). Maintenance therapy consisted of mercaptopurine 90 mg/m²/d p.o., methotrexate 15 mg/m²/wk p.o. and, ATRA intermittently, 45 mg/m²/d p.o. for 15 days every three months. Results: Between January 2000 and December 2005, 56 patients with newly diagnosed APL from 10 centers were enrolled. A total of 46 patients achieved CR (85%), 8 (15%) died of early complications, seven patients relapsed, with a 16% relapse risk at three years. The 5-year Kaplan-Meier estimates of overall survival and relapse-free survival were 64% and 84% respectively. Conclusions: These data indicate that this protocol has a good antileukemic effect but further reduction of early death and relapse, especially in the high risk group is needed.


Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/administração & dosagem , Daunorrubicina/administração & dosagem , Leucemia Promielocítica Aguda/tratamento farmacológico , Tretinoína/administração & dosagem , Chile , Quimioterapia de Indução , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Leucemia Promielocítica Aguda/diagnóstico , Leucemia Promielocítica Aguda/mortalidade
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