RESUMO
One hundred and eight patients who had been taking phenytoin for a year or more, either alone or in combination with other drugs, were examined for gum hypertrophy by three observers independently. Approximately 90% of the patients showed either mild or no gum hypertrophy and severe swelling occurred in only 1%. The observed standards of oral hygiene were extremely poor. A tendency for higher serum phenytoin levels to be associated with greater gum hypertrophy was observed. Because the condition was causing no problems in over 90% of patients, it is considered that gum hypertrophy per se should not deter a physician from using phenytoin in the treatment of epilepsy.
Assuntos
Epilepsia/tratamento farmacológico , Hipertrofia Gengival/induzido quimicamente , Fenitoína/efeitos adversos , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Criança , Quimioterapia Combinada , Feminino , Hipertrofia Gengival/sangue , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fenitoína/sangueRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Intravenous amphotericin or intravenous voriconazole, both followed by oral voriconazole, have previously been given to treat invasive aspergillosis of the skull base. CASE REPORT: Exclusively oral voriconazole was used in an immunocompetent patient with biopsy-proven, invasive aspergillosis. She had a large, erosive lesion extending from the central skull base to the right orbit and ethmoid sinus, and displacing the right internal carotid artery. After four months of oral treatment as an out-patient, a repeated computed tomography scan showed a fully treated infection with post-infectious changes only, and treatment was terminated. Two years later, there had been no recurrence. CONCLUSION: Substantial cost savings were made by using exclusively oral treatment, compared with the use of intravenous voriconazole or amphotericin, or a switch strategy.
Assuntos
Antifúngicos/uso terapêutico , Aspergilose/tratamento farmacológico , Pirimidinas/uso terapêutico , Triazóis/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Antifúngicos/administração & dosagem , Aspergilose/diagnóstico por imagem , Biópsia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Exoftalmia/etiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Pirimidinas/administração & dosagem , Radiografia , Base do Crânio/microbiologia , Triazóis/administração & dosagem , VoriconazolAssuntos
Anticonvulsivantes/sangue , Acetazolamida/sangue , Anticonvulsivantes/uso terapêutico , Benzazepinas/sangue , Carbamazepina/sangue , Clordiazepóxido/sangue , Cromatografia em Camada Fina , Diazepam/sangue , Epilepsia/tratamento farmacológico , Etossuximida/sangue , Humanos , Hidantoínas/sangue , Mefobarbital/sangue , Nitrocompostos/sangue , Oxazepam/sangue , Fenobarbital/sangue , Fenitoína/sangue , Primidona/sangue , Succinimidas/sangue , Tiazinas/sangueAssuntos
Anticonvulsivantes/sangue , Anticonvulsivantes/uso terapêutico , Barbitúricos/sangue , Benzazepinas/sangue , Cromatografia Gasosa , Epilepsia/sangue , Epilepsia/tratamento farmacológico , Etossuximida/sangue , Humanos , Hidantoínas/sangue , Métodos , Oxifenilbutazona/sangue , Primidona/sangue , Succinimidas/sangue , Tiazinas/sangueRESUMO
We report two cases in which osteomalacia developed in patients on tenofovir-containing highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in the context of Fanconi syndrome with hypophosphataemia. Bone pain was the presenting feature and myopathy followed in one case. Disability was reversed with withdrawal of the drug and with mineral supplementation. The cases highlight the importance of considering the diagnosis of osteomalacia in patients treated with tenofovir. A possible association with incipient acute renal failure, particularly during nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use, needs further investigation.
Assuntos
Adenina/análogos & derivados , Fármacos Anti-HIV/efeitos adversos , Terapia Antirretroviral de Alta Atividade/efeitos adversos , Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Organofosfonatos/efeitos adversos , Osteomalacia/induzido quimicamente , Adenina/efeitos adversos , Síndrome de Fanconi/induzido quimicamente , Feminino , Humanos , Hipofosfatemia/induzido quimicamente , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças Musculares/induzido quimicamente , Inibidores da Transcriptase Reversa/efeitos adversos , TenofovirRESUMO
A series of 115 patients was treated with sodium valproate (Epilim) for periods ranging from 6 to 24 months and in dosages ranging from 400 mg to 2400 mg daily. All but six of these patients had intractable epilepsies and had been previously treated unsuccessfully with other anti-epileptic agents. Eighty patients had generalised seizures and 35 had partial seizures which, in 26 cases, were secondarily generalised. Reduction of seizure frequency by over 50 per cent occurred in about 70 per cent of patients with generalised seizures but in only 37 per cent of those with partial seizures. A number of patients reported increased alertness, improvement of mood, increased appetite and improved performance at school. The adverse effects encountered were gastro-intestinal symptoms, weight gain and hair loss.