Topography and presence of a smear layer in deciduous molars prepared with high-speed cutting and ultrasonic abrasion: an in-vitro study.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this in-vitro study was to compare the effect of high-speed cutting (HS) with ultrasonic abrasion (US) concerning the internal topography and the presence of a smear layer in a cavity preparation performed in healthy deciduous molars. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Seven first deciduous molars were used. Two occlusal cavity preparation were done, one in the medial fossula and another in the distal fossula, which were chosen randomly. One preparation was carried out with a diamond point adapted to the HS system (GI), while a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) point adapted to a US device (GII) was used for the other preparation. Subsequently, all samples (n = 14) were cleaved to observe the inside and then prepared for evaluation using scanning electron photomicroscopy. The internal topography of the prepared cavities was descriptively analyzed. In order to assess the presence of a smear layer, scores were tabulated using the 2000 GMC program and analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test. RESULTS: Concerning the internal topography, the presence of striae was verified in both groups. In the GI group they were finer, found in a greater number, and with narrower spaces between them. In the GII group, the striae were undulating, similar to the effect of wheels on sand, and with wider spaces between them. As regards the presence of a smear layer, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In view of the methodology employed, it may be concluded that cavity preparation with a CVD point in a US abrasion system led to the formation of fewer striae and both devices promoted the marked presence of a smear layer, obstructing dentinal tubuli.

Adverse effects associated with the clinical use of 4% TiF4 on teeth enamel: case report.

Titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4) has been studied in dentistry as a promissory alternative for prevention and treatment of carious lesions. However, there are few in vivo studies concerning the consequences of its use on tooth enamel. The goal of this study was to report the effects of a 4% TiF4 application on the remineralization of an incipient carious lesion of a permanent tooth. This research found an unexpected clinical outcome. A patient with active white spots had two of these lesions treated with 4% TiF4 associated with fluoridated dentifrice and another lesion treated with fluoridated dentifrice only, thus the remineralization of the two kinds of treatment administered could be observed and compared. An extrinsic pigment appeared in the regions that received the TiF4 treatment, which was partially removed by professional prophylaxis. Also, regular recidivists of this pigmentation in the review consultations were noted. The authors concluded that although the use of 4% TiF4 was effective in treating incipient carious lesions on enamel, it was also responsible for an undesired pigmented layer on the tooth to which it was applied. Beyond the varied fluoridated materials used in dentistry, titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4) deserves attention. This compound has the common properties of fluorides, and researchers are exploring its role in carious lesion prevention, fissure sealing, and tooth erosion prevention in in vitro and in situ studies. Research is also exploring its use for microinfiltration prevention in tooth restoration and hypersensitivity treatment. However, when compared to other fluoridated products TiF4 demonstrates additional, specific particularities, such as the formation of a titanium dioxide (TiO2) layer, which is tough, hydrophobic, and resistant in acidic environments. Nevertheless, there are insufficient in vivo studies concerning the consequences of TiF4-containing products affecting tooth enamel. Thus, the goals of this study were to report the effects of a 4% TiF4 application on the remineralization of an incipient carious lesion of a permanent tooth and to show the results of a backscattered scanning electron (BSE) analysis that was performed on the primary tooth. The clinical outcome was unexpected.

Congenital epulis: an unusual case of spontaneous regression.

Congenital epulis is a rare benign neoplasm of the soft tissues. Typically, this condition manifests as a firm, smooth, pink mass that appears exclusively on the alveolar ridges in newborn infants. Surgical excision usually is recommended; however, smaller lesions may disappear spontaneously over time. This article reports an unusual case of a girl whose dentist diagnosed congenital epulis when she was 16 months old; the epulis disappeared completely three months later. Diagnostic and prognostic issues and treatment options are discussed.

Analysis of primary and permanent molars prepared with high speed and ultrasonic abrasion systems.

The aim of this study was to compare high speed and ultrasonic systems with regard to both topography and smear layer formation in the cavity preparations of sound primary and permanent molars. Class I occlusal cavities measuring 2.00 x 2.00 x 2.00 mm were performed in 14 molars, equally divided into two groups (GI = 7 primary teeth and GII = 7 permanent teeth). High speed rotary instruments produced regular layers of enamel and dentin, despite the marked presence of grooves and microfractures on enamel surfaces. On the other hand, ultrasonic abrasion yielded more irregular surfaces in enamel and dentin, with a granular and wavy aspect, but without microfractures in enamel. Both types of dental substrates were found to have an intense smear layer formation, partially or even completely obliterating the dentinal tubules (p>0.05), irrespective of the instrument used. No difference was observed in either primary or permanent teeth as regards the amount of smear layer produced by high speed or ultrasonic abrasion instruments (p>0.05). It was concluded that with regard to the topography of cavity preparations, there were differences between the instruments used, irrespective of the dental substrate. Both systems allowed dense smear layer formation, which completely or partially obliterated the dentinal tubules of primary and permanent teeth.

Percepção dos responsáveis sobre fatores preditores do medo odontológico infantil e aceitação do uso da abrasão a ar / Caregivers'perceptions of predictors of children's dental fear and acceptance of the use of air abrasion

O objetivo deste artigo é avaliar a percepção de responsáveis sobre fatores preditores do medo odontológico e aceitação do uso de uma nova tecnologia para remoção do tecido cariado em suas crianças. Entrevista a partir de um questionário semiestruturado com 105 responsáveis por crianças, de 2 a 12 anos, atendidas na Clínica de Odontopediatria, a respeito do nível de medo/apreensão, conhecimento e importância de novos estudos e autorização para utilização de novas tecnologias. Os dados foram analisados descritivamente e utilizando o teste Exato de Fisher (p<0,05). Embora os responsáveis tenham poucas informações sobre os métodos alternativos de remoção de cárie, eles são receptivos ao uso dos mesmos em seus filhos.

The purpose this article is to evaluate the caregivers'perception of predictors of dental fear and acceptance of use a new technology for removal of caries in their children. Interview using a semi-structured questionnaire with 105 caregivers for children 2 to 12 years attending at Clinic of Pediatric Dentistry. The data were about dental fear/ apprehension; knowledge and importance of new studies and permission to use new technologies. Data were analyzed descriptive and using the Fisher’s Exact test (p <0.05). A lthough t he c aregivers have little information about alternative methods of caries removal, they are receptive to use them in their children.

Alterações do desenvolvimento dentário em pacientes portadores de fissuras de lábio e/ou palato: revisão de literatura / Dental abnormalities in patients with cleft lip and palate: literature review

A fissura labiopalatal é uma das anomalias congênitas mais frequentes no ser humano, capaz de comprometer o lábio e/ou palato de forma completa ou incompleta. Sua etiologia não é totalmente conhecida, no entanto, é considerada multifatorial, com envolvimento de fatores genéticos e ambientais. Inúmeras alterações sistêmicas decorrentes dessa malformação são encontradas nestes indivíduos. Além disso, a fala, a estética e a posição dos dentes normalmente estão afetados. Sabe-se que uma alta prevalência de anomalias dentárias, como, por exemplo, agenesias, microdontias, dentes supranumerários e hipoplasias são achados comuns na cavidade bucal destes indivíduos. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar uma revisão de literatura sobre as anomalias dentárias mais frequentemente observadas em pacientes portadores de fissuras labiopalatais e destacar a importância do diagnóstico precoce realizado pelo cirurgião-dentista no decorrer do tratamento desses pacientes.

Cleft lip and palate is one of the most common congenital anomalies in humans, affecting the lip and/or palate with a cleft completeness or incompleteness. Its etiology is unknown, however, is considered multifactorial, with genetic and environmental components. Many systemic abnormalities arising from this malformation are found in these individuals. Also, speech, esthetics and the position of teeth are usually affected. It is known that a high prevalence of dental anomalies such as agenesis, supernumerary tooth and hypoplasia are common findings in the oral cavity of these individuals. The aim of this article is to present a review of the literature considering the higher prevalence of dental anomalies in patients with oral clefts and highlighted of early diagnosis performed by the dentist during the dental treatment of these patients.

Percepção de responsáveis sobre medo odontológico e técnica alternativa para remoção de cárie / The caregivers’ perception of dental fear and alternative technique for caries removal

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a percepção de responsáveis sobre os fatores preditores de medo odontológico infantil e aceitação de uma técnica alternativa (abrasão ultrassônica) para a remoção de cárie. Cento e sessenta e dois responsáveis por crianças atendidas em uma instituição pública responderam a um questionário semiestruturado. A média de idade das crianças foi de 9 anos, sendo 52,5% meninos. Resultados mostraram que, gostavam de ir ao dentista 73,5% e 34% apresentavam-se nervosas/ansiosas antes de serem atendidas. A maioria dos responsáveis julgou importante a realização de estudos para descoberta de novos métodos para substituição do motor (p> 0,05) e autorizariam a utilização da abrasão ultrassônica (p > 0,05). Conclui-se que, aproximadamente, metade das crianças tinha medo ou ficavam ansiosas durante o atendimento, e que os responsáveis são receptivos à utilização de técnicas alternativas de remoção de cárie.