Self-medication in children and adolescents.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of self-medication in children and adolescents in the municipalities of Limeira and Piracicaba, state of São Paulo, and to correlate results with sociodemographic indicators and with the use of health care services (public or private). METHODS: Descriptive population-based study of a simple random sample from the two municipalities, comprised of 772 inhabitants from 85 urban census sectors selected through cluster sampling. INCLUSION CRITERIA: age < or = 18 years; interview with one parent/tutor; consumption of at least one drug in the previous 15 days. Subjects were divided into two study groups according to their pattern of drug use: self-medication (lay advice) and medical prescription. Linear association tests, descriptive analysis of variables and multiple logistic regression tests were carried out to analyze data. RESULTS: The prevalence of self-medication was 56.6%. Mothers (51%) and drugstore employees (20.1%) were most frequently responsible for self-medication. The main groups of self-prescribed drugs were: analgesic/antipyretic and non-hormonal anti-inflammatory drugs (52.9%); drugs acting on the respiratory tract (15.4%) and gastrointestinal drugs (9.6%); and systemic antibiotics (8.6%). The situation that most commonly motivated self-medication were respiratory diseases (17.2%), fever (15%), and headache (14%). Subjects in the age group of 7-18 years (odds ratio = 2.81) and public health care users (odds ratio = 1.52) showed increased risk for self-medication. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of self-medication in children and adolescents was high, which reinforces the need for public health interventions aiming at preventing this practice.

Automedicação em crianças e adolescentes / Self-medication in children and adolescents

OBJETIVO: Determinar a prevalência da automedicação em crianças e adolescentes dos municípios de Limeira e Piracicaba (SP), correlacionando-a a indicadores sociodemográficos e utilização de serviços de saúde (pública ou privada). MÉTODOS: Estudo descritivo tipo inquérito populacional domiciliar de uma amostra aleatória simples de ambos os municípios, constituída de 772 moradores procedentes de 85 setores censitários selecionados por meio de amostragem por conglomerado. Critérios de inclusão: idade < 18 anos; entrevista obrigatória com um dos responsáveis legais; ter consumido pelo menos um medicamento nos 15 dias prévios à data da entrevista. Segundo a orientação de uso de medicamentos, os participantes foram divididos em dois grupos de estudo: automedicação (orientação leiga) e prescrição médica. Foram realizados testes de associação linear, análise descritiva das variáveis e regressão logística múltipla. RESULTADOS: A prevalência da automedicação foi de 56,6 por cento. Os principais responsáveis e indutores da automedicação foram as mães (51 por cento) e funcionários de farmácia (20,1 por cento). Os principais grupos de medicamentos administrados na automedicação foram: analgésicos/antipiréticos e antiinflamatórios não-hormonais (52,9 por cento); medicações de ação nos tratos respiratório (15,4 por cento) e gastrointestinal (9,6 por cento); e antibióticos sistêmicos (8,6 por cento). As situações que mais motivaram a automedicação foram afecções respiratórias (17,2 por cento), febre (15 por cento) e cefaléia (14 por cento). Indivíduos na faixa etária de 7-18 anos (razão de chances = 2,81) e usuários de serviços públicos de saúde (razão de chances = 1,52) apresentaram risco aumentado de automedicação. CONCLUSÕES: A prevalência da automedicação em crianças e adolescentes foi alta, reforçando a necessidade de intervenção das autoridades de saúde na prevenção desses agravos.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of self-medication in children and adolescents in the municipalities of Limeira and Piracicaba, state of São Paulo, and to correlate results with sociodemographic indicators and with the use of health care services (public or private). METHODS: Descriptive population-based study of a simple random sample from the two municipalities, comprised of 772 inhabitants from 85 urban census sectors selected through cluster sampling. Inclusion criteria: age < 18 years; interview with one parent/tutor; consumption of at least one drug in the previous 15 days. Subjects were divided into two study groups according to their pattern of drug use: self-medication (lay advice) and medical prescription. Linear association tests, descriptive analysis of variables and multiple logistic regression tests were carried out to analyze data. RESULTS: The prevalence of self-medication was 56.6 percent. Mothers (51 percent) and drugstore employees (20.1 percent) were most frequently responsible for self-medication. The main groups of self-prescribed drugs were: analgesic/antipyretic and non-hormonal anti-inflammatory drugs (52.9 percent); drugs acting on the respiratory tract (15.4 percent) and gastrointestinal drugs (9.6 percent); and systemic antibiotics (8.6 percent). The situation that most commonly motivated self-medication were respiratory diseases (17.2 percent), fever (15 percent), and headache (14 percent). Subjects in the age group of 7-18 years (odds ratio = 2.81) and public health care users (odds ratio = 1.52) showed increased risk for self-medication. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of self-medication in children and adolescents was high, which reinforces the need for public health interventions aiming at preventing this practice.