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1.
Front Pharmacol ; 13: 865988, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35462910

RESUMO

Background: The incidence rate and mortality of bladder cancer are increasing year by year. Interestingly, the commonly used metabolic regulatory drug metformin has been reported to have anti-tumor effect in recent years. Nevertheless, it keeps unclear whether the usage of metformin is beneficial or unbeneficial in treating bladder cancer. Thus, a meta-analysis was conducted to explore the long-term effect of metformin on the incidence of bladder cancer and OS, PFS, DSS and RFS in bladder cancer patients with T2DM. Method: We aim to collect evidence of the association between the usage of metformin and the incidence and treatment outcome of bladder cancer. We searched PubMed, Embase, Ovid Medline and Cochrane Library up to February 2021 to get effective literature reporting the effects of metformin in bladder cancer. The main outcomes were the protective effects of metformin on the incidence, overall survival (OS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), progression-free survival (PFS), and disease-specific survival (DSS) of bladder cancer. And OR (odds ratio) and HR (hazard ratio) with their 95%CI were pooled. Two independent researchers assessed the quality of included studies using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Results: We involved 12 studies meeting the inclusion criteria, including a total of 1,552,773 patients. The meta-analysis showed that use of metformin could decrease the incidence (OR = 0.45, 95%CI = 0.37-0.56; p < 0.01) and prolong recurrence-free-survival (HR = 0.56, 95%CI = 0.41-0.76; p = 0.91) of bladder cancer. However, there were no significant protective effects in the overall survival (HR = 0.93, 95%CI = 0.67-1.28, p = 0.05), disease-specific-survival (HR = 0.73, 95%CI = 0.47-1.16; p = 0.01), and progression-free-survival (HR = 0.78, 95%CI = 0.53-1.15, p = 0.34). Conclusion: The results revealed that the usage of metformin could reduce the incidence of bladder cancer and prolong the prognosis of bladder cancer in T2DM patients, respectively. More prospective studies are needed to prove the protective role of metformin on bladder cancer.

2.
Front Med (Lausanne) ; 9: 774351, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35223892

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Urolithiasis is characterized by high rates of prevalence and recurrence. Hyperuricemia is related to various diseases. We hope to determine the association between serum uric acid (UA) level and kidney stone (KS). METHODS: In this population-based cross-sectional study, a total of 82,017 Chinese individuals who underwent a comprehensive examination in 2017 were included. The KS was diagnosed based on ultrasonography examination outcomes. Fully adjusted odds ratio (OR) for KS, and mean difference between the two groups were applied to determine the association of UA level with KS. RESULTS: Among the 82,017 participants included in this study (aged 18~99 years), 9,435 participants (11.5%) are diagnosed with KS. A proportion of 56.3% of individuals is male. The mean UA level of overall participants is 341.77 µmol/L. The participants with KS report higher UA level than the participants without KS [mean UA level 369.91 vs. 338.11 µmol/L; mean difference (MD), 31.96 (95% CI, 29.61~34.28) µmol/L]. In men, the OR for KS significantly increases from 330 µmol/L UA level. Every 50 µmol/L elevation of UA level increases the risk of KS formation by about 10.7% above the UA level of 330 µmol/L in men. The subgroup analysis for male is consistent with the overall result except for the participants presenting underweight [adjusted OR, 1.035 (0.875~1.217); MD, -5.57 (-16.45~11.37)], low cholesterol [adjusted OR, 1.088 (0.938~1.261); MD, 8.18 (-7.93~24.68)] or high estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) [adjusted OR, 1.044 (0.983~1.108); MD, 5.61 (-1.84~13.36)]. However, no significant association is observed in women between UA and KS either in all female participants or in female subgroups. CONCLUSION: Among Chinese adults, UA level is associated with KS in a dose-response manner in men but not in women. However, the association becomes considerably weak in male participants with malnutrition status.

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