RESUMO
Adult stem cells play a critical role in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and prevention of aging. While the regenerative potential of stem cells with low cellular turnover, such as adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs), is increasingly recognized, the study of chronological aging in ASCs is technically difficult and remains poorly understood. Here, we use our model of chronological aging in primary human ASCs to examine genome-wide transcriptional networks. We demonstrate first that the transcriptome of aging ASCs is distinctly more stable than that of age-matched fibroblasts, and further, that age-dependent modifications in cell cycle progression and translation initiation specifically characterize aging ASCs in conjunction with increased nascent protein synthesis and a distinctly shortened G1 phase. Our results reveal novel chronological aging mechanisms in ASCs that are inherently different from differentiated cells and that may reflect an organismal attempt to meet the increased demands of tissue and organ homeostasis during aging. Stem Cells 2017;35:1392-1401.
Assuntos
Tecido Adiposo/citologia , Ciclo Celular , Senescência Celular , Células-Tronco/citologia , Transcrição Gênica , Adulto , Ciclo Celular/genética , Células Cultivadas , Senescência Celular/genética , Feminino , Fibroblastos/citologia , Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Fase G1/genética , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mitose/genética , Modelos Biológicos , Biossíntese de Proteínas/genética , Processamento de Proteína Pós-Traducional/genética , Transcriptoma/genética , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Adult stem cells play a critical role in tissue homeostasis and repair. Aging leads to a decline in stem cells' regenerative capacity that contributes significantly to the maintenance of organ and tissue functions. Age-dependent genomic and epigenetic modifications together play a role in the disruption of critical cellular pathways. However, the epigenetic mechanisms responsible for the decline of adult stem cell functions remain to be well established. Here, we investigated age-dependent, genome-wide alterations in the chromatin accessibility of primary human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) in comparison to age-matched fibroblasts via ATAC-seq technology. Our results demonstrate that aging ASCs possess globally more stable chromatin accessibility profiles as compared to aging fibroblasts, suggesting that robust regulatory mechanisms maintain adult stem cell chromatin structure against aging. Furthermore, we observed age-dependent subtle changes in promoter nucleosome positioning in selective pathways during aging, concurrent with altered small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) protein expression under stress conditions. Together, our data suggest a significant role for nucleosome positioning in sumoylation pathway regulation in stress response during adult stem cell aging. The differences described here between the chromatin structure of human ASCs and fibroblasts will further elucidate the mechanisms regulating gene expression during aging in both stem cells and differentiated cells.