Perialveolar bacterial microbiota and bacteraemia after dental alveolitis in adult rats that had been subjected to neonatal malnutrition.

The aim of the present study was to analyse the bacteriological factors during the process of dental alveolitis, relating it to a higher incidence of bacteraemia in adult rats subjected to neonatal malnutrition. We used forty male Wistar rats, suckled by mothers fed a diet during lactation containing 17 % protein in the nourished group (N) or 8 % protein in the undernourished group (UN). After weaning, the animals were given the Labina standard diet. After 90 d, these animals underwent upper right incisor extraction and induction of alveolitis. The oral microbiota was obtained using a swab and blood culture through venous blood. These procedures were performed before the extraction, 5 min after extraction, on the 21st day after alveolitis for groups N-21 and UN-21 and on the 28th day after alveolitis for groups N-28 and UN-28. Data were expressed as means and standard deviations for parametric data, and as medians and interquartile intervals for non-parametric data. Statistical significance was considered by assuming a critical level of 5 %. Before and after extraction, lower bacterial growth was observed per colony-forming unit (CFU) in the perialveolar region of the upper right incisors of undernourished animals, while the opposite was true after alveolitis, when a larger number of CFU was observed in these animals. The percentage of positive blood cultures obtained after alveolitis was greater in the undernourished animals. The present study thus demonstrated the influence of neonatal malnutrition in the perialveolar microbiota and in the development of bacteraemia after dental alveolitis.

[Preoperative conjunctival bacterial microbiota of antiangiogenic intravitreous injection for age-related macular degeneration compared to cataract surgery preoperative microbiota]. / Microbiota bacteriana da conjuntiva no pré-operatório de injeção intravítrea de antiangiogênico por degeneração macular relacionada à idade comparada com a de cirurgia de catarata.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the conjunctival bacterial microbiota and antibiogram profile in the preoperative of antiangiogenic intravitreous injection for age-related macular degeneration, and compare to the preoperative microbiota of patients submitted to cataract surgery. METHODS: Cross-sectional, observational, case series study. Two groups were organized: group I (macular degeneration) with 26 eyes from 26 patients (12 men/14 women) with mean age of 69.2 +/- 11.5 years; group II (cataract) with 27 eyes from 27 patients (9 men/18 women) with mean age of 67.6 +/- 7.9 years. The groups were similar regarding age (p=0.538) and gender (p=0.787). The lower conjunctival sac was swabbed and the obtained material was immediately put in a tube filled with liquid culture media BHI ("brain heart infusion"). Samples were processed according to standard laboratory techniques and antibiogram was determined for each bacterial colony. RESULTS: Twenty-six bacterial colonies growth in group I, with 2 eyes showing no growth and 30 colonies growth in group II. Gram positive bacteria were more prevalent in both groups: 23/26 colonies (88.4%) in group I and 29/30 colonies (96.7%) in group II, with a Staphylococcus aureus predominance in both groups, with 16 samples (61.5%) and 17 (56.7%), respectively. Coagulase negative Staphylococcus was the second most common identified bacteria, with 19.2% in group I and 20.0% in group II. No differences between the groups reached statistical significance. No statistically significant difference was noted on the antibiotic sensibility between both groups. CONCLUSIONS: There was no difference in the distribution of bacteria and antibiogram profile of the conjunctival microbiota in the preoperative of intravitreous injection of antiangiogenic for macular degeneration compared to the preoperative of cataract surgery.

Microbiota bacteriana da conjuntiva no pré-operatório de injeção intravítrea de antiangiogênico por degeneração macular relacionada à idade comparada com a de cirurgia de catarata / Preoperative conjunctival bacterial microbiota of antiangiogenic intravitreous injection for age-related macular degeneration compared to cataract surgery preoperative microbiota

Objetivo: Avaliar a microbiota bacteriana da conjuntiva e perfil de antibiograma no pré-operatório de injeção intravítrea de antiangiogênico por degeneração macular relacionada à idade, comparando com a de pacientes no pré-operatório de cirurgia de catarata. Métodos: Realizou-se estudo transversal, observacional, tipo série de casos. Foram constituídos dois grupos: grupo I (degeneração macular) com 26 olhos de 26 pacientes (12 homens/14 mulheres) com média de idades de 69,2 ± 11,5 anos; grupo II (catarata) com 27 olhos de 27 pacientes (9 homens/18 mulheres) com média de idades de 67,6 ± 7,9 anos. Os grupos foram homogêneos em relação à idade (p=0,538) e ao sexo (p=0,787). Foi realizada coleta de secreção do fundo de saco inferior da conjuntiva, através de "swab", e imediatamente colocado em tubo contendo meio líquido BHI ("brain heart infusion"). As amostras foram processadas conforme técnicas laboratoriais padrão e realizado antibiograma de cada colônia isolada. Resultados: Houve crescimento de 26 colônias bacterianas no grupo I, com 2 olhos não apresentando crescimento e 30 colônias no grupo II. Houve maior frequência de bactérias Gram positivas nos dois grupos: 23/26 colônias (88,4 por cento) no grupo I e 29/30 colônias (96,7 por cento) no grupo II, com predomínio de Staphylococcus aureus em ambos os grupos, com 16 amostras (61,5 por cento) e 17 (56,7 por cento), respectivamente. Staphylococcus coagulase negativa foi a segunda bactéria mais identificada, com 19,2 por cento no grupo I e 20,0 por cento no grupo II. Nenhuma diferença de frequência entre os grupos alcançou significância estatística. Não foi observada diferença estatisticamente significante nas sensibilidades das bactérias aos antibióticos testados entre os dois grupos. Conclusões: Não houve diferença na distribuição das bactérias e no perfil de antibiograma da microbiota conjuntival de pacientes no pré-operatório de injeção intravítrea por degeneração macular, comparada ...

Purpose: To evaluate the conjunctival bacterial microbiota and antibiogram profile in the preoperative of antiangiogenic intravitreous injection for age-related macular degeneration, and compare to the preoperative microbiota of patients submitted to cataract surgery. Methods: Cross-sectional, observational, case series study. Two groups were organized: group I (macular degeneration) with 26 eyes from 26 patients (12 men/14 women) with mean age of 69.2 ± 11.5 years; group II (cataract) with 27 eyes from 27 patients (9 men/18 women) with mean age of 67.6 ± 7.9 years. The groups were similar regarding age (p=0.538) and gender (p=0.787). The lower conjunctival sac was swabbed and the obtained material was immediately put in a tube filled with liquid culture media BHI ("brain heart infusion"). Samples were processed according to standard laboratory techniques and antibiogram was determined for each bacterial colony. Results: Twenty-six bacterial colonies growth in group I, with 2 eyes showing no growth and 30 colonies growth in group II. Gram positive bacteria were more prevalent in both groups: 23/26 colonies (88.4 percent) in group I and 29/30 colonies (96.7 percent) in group II, with a Staphylococcus aureus predominance in both groups, with 16 samples (61.5 percent) and 17 (56.7 percent), respectively. Coagulase negative Staphylococcus was the second most common identified bacteria, with 19.2 percent in group I and 20.0 percent in group II. No differences between the groups reached statistical significance. No statistically significant difference was noted on the antibiotic sensibility between both groups. Conclusions: There was no difference in the distribution of bacteria and antibiogram profile of the conjunctival microbiota in the preoperative of intravitreous injection of antiangiogenic for macular degeneration compared to the preoperative of cataract surgery.