A patient with scleroderma associated with severe acro-osteolysis: A case report.

Systemic sclerosis is an autoimmune chronic sclerotic disease that can damage organs and cause serious complications for the patient such as musculoskeletal manifestations, Gastrointestinal involvement, pulmonary involvement, and renal disease. Acro-osteolysis is one of the musculoskeletal manifestations that causes corrosion of the bones in the fingertips of the hand and feet. In this paper, we have reported the rarely current evidence of severe Acro-osteolysis of the distal phalanges of the hands by radiological x-ray.

Involvement of the nitric oxide pathway in the anti-depressant-like effects of thalidomide in mice.

BACKGROUND: Thalidomide is a sedative/hypnotic agent that is currently used to treat patients suffering from multiple myeloma, myelodysplastic syndromes and erythema nodosum leprosum. Although previous studies have demonstrated that thalidomide possesses anti-depressant-like properties, the exact mechanism that thalidomide exerts this effect is not understood. In this study, we used two mouse models of depression and investigated the possible role of nitric oxide (NO), NO synthase (NOS) and inducible NOS (iNOS) in the ant-depressant-like effects of thalidomide. METHODS: Male mice were injected with different doses of thalidomide intraperitoneally. In order to assess the anti-depressant-like properties of thalidomide, the immobility time of mice was assessed in the forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST). Locomotor activity was assessed using the open-field test. To assess the role of nitric oxide, N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, non-specific NOS inhibitor), aminoguanidine (selective iNOS inhibitor) or L-arginine (NO precursor) were administered intraperitoneally along with specific doses of thalidomide. RESULTS: Thalidomide (10 mg/kg) significantly reduced immobility time in FST and TST. Aminoguanidine (50 mg/kg) and L-NAME (10 mg/kg) significantly augmented the anti-immobility effects of thalidomide (5 mg/kg). L-arginine (750 mg/kg) significantly inhibited the anti-immobility effects of thalidomide (10 mg/kg). None of the treatment groups demonstrated alteration of locomotor activity. CONCLUSION: Thalidomide exerts its anti-depressant-like effects through a mechanism dependent upon NO inhibition.