RESUMO
The design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel 3-aryl-indazole derivatives as peripherally selective pan-Trk inhibitors are described. Three strategies were used to obtain a potent compound exhibiting low central nervous system (CNS) penetration and high plasma exposure: 1) a structure-based drug design (SBDD) approach was used to improve potency; 2) a substrate for an efflux transporter for lowering brain penetration was explored; and 3) the most basic pKa (pKa-MB) value was used as an indicator to identify compounds with good membrane permeability. This enabled the identification of the peripherally targeted 17c with the potency, kinase-selectivity, and plasma exposure required to demonstrate in vivo efficacy in a Complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced thermal hypersensitivity model.
Assuntos
Descoberta de Drogas , Indazóis/farmacologia , Dor/tratamento farmacológico , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/farmacologia , Receptores Proteína Tirosina Quinases/antagonistas & inibidores , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Humanos , Indazóis/síntese química , Indazóis/química , Estrutura Molecular , Dor/metabolismo , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/síntese química , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/química , Receptores Proteína Tirosina Quinases/metabolismo , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
Novel indazole derivatives were prepared and evaluated for their biological activity and cardiovascular safety profile as human ß3-adrenergic receptor (AR) agonists. Although the initial hit compound 5 exhibited significant ß3-AR agonistic activity (EC50 = 21 nM), it also exhibited agonistic activity at the α1A-AR (EC50 = 219 nM, selectivity: α1A/ß3 = 10-fold). The major metabolite of 5, which was an oxidative product at the indazole 3-methyl moiety, gave a clue to a strategy for improvement of the selectivity for ß3-AR agonistic activity versus α1A-AR agonistic activity. Thus, modification of the 3-substituent of the indazole moiety effectively improved the selectivity to develop compound 11 with potent ß3-AR agonistic activity (EC50 = 13 nM) and high selectivity (α1A/ß3 = >769-fold). Compound 11 was also inactive toward ß1 and ß2-ARs and showed dose dependent ß3-AR mediated relaxation of marmoset urinary bladder smooth muscle, while it did not obviously affect heart rate or blood pressure (iv, 3 mg/kg) in anesthetized rats.
Assuntos
Agonistas de Receptores Adrenérgicos beta 3/química , Agonistas de Receptores Adrenérgicos beta 3/farmacologia , Indazóis/química , Indazóis/farmacologia , Agonistas de Receptores Adrenérgicos beta 3/efeitos adversos , Animais , Sistema Cardiovascular/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Indazóis/efeitos adversos , Ratos , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
A series of ethyl 4-(2-aryloxyhexyloxy)benzoates was prepared and tested for their activity to induce precocious metamorphosis in larvae of the silkworm. Phenyl analog 5 showed activity comparable to that of the 6-methyl-3-pyridyl analog reported as a novel anti-JH agent. The activity of 5 could be fully counteracted by methoprene, a JH agonist. The ethoxycarbonyl group of 5 was essential for its activity.