RESUMO
As the use of synthetic biology both in industry and in academia grows, there is an increasing need to ensure biocontainment. There is growing interest in engineering bacterial- and yeast-based safeguard (SG) strains. First-generation SGs were based on metabolic auxotrophy; however, the risk of cross-feeding and the cost of growth-controlling nutrients led researchers to look for other avenues. Recent strategies include bacteria engineered to be dependent on nonnatural amino acids and yeast SG strains that have both transcriptional- and recombinational-based biocontainment. We describe improving yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae-based transcriptional SG strains, which have near-WT fitness, the lowest possible escape rate, and nanomolar ligands controlling growth. We screened a library of essential genes, as well as the best-performing promoter and terminators, yielding the best SG strains in yeast. The best constructs were fine-tuned, resulting in two tightly controlled inducible systems. In addition, for potential use in the prevention of industrial espionage, we screened an array of possible "decoy molecules" that can be used to mask any proprietary supplement to the SG strain, with minimal effect on strain fitness.
Assuntos
Genoma/genética , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genética , Genes Essenciais/genética , Engenharia Metabólica/métodos , Regiões Promotoras Genéticas/genética , Biologia Sintética/métodos , Regiões Terminadoras Genéticas/genética , Transcrição Gênica/genéticaRESUMO
This case report describes computer-guided occlusal therapy in a patient who met the unified diagnostic criteria for phantom bite. After a review of the patient's medical history, along with a diagnostic work-up that included cone beam computed tomography, temporomandibular joint vibration analysis, and digital occlusal analysis, problematic dental components were discovered (including prolonged disclusion time and imbalanced bite force). A digital occlusal analyzer evaluated the patient's occlusion and systematically guided the necessary changes. After reduction of the disclusion time and correction of the occlusal force imbalance, the patient reported significant improvement in comfort. The results suggest that phantom bite could be an abnormal occlusal condition and not a psychological or neurologic somatoform disorder.
Assuntos
Hipocondríase/psicologia , Má Oclusão/diagnóstico , Má Oclusão/terapia , Ajuste Oclusal/métodos , Transtornos Psicofisiológicos/psicologia , Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
AIMS: The aim of this study was to test subjective interpretation accuracy via digital polling of a large group of dentists to determine whether dentists can reliably interpret occlusal forces by visually assessing articulating paper markings. METHODS: One hundred fifty-two dentists selected the most forceful occlusal contact in five occlusal-view photographs of articulating paper marks that were compared against T-Scan® relative occlusal levels of the same tooth contacts. RESULTS: The mean correct response was a mere 13.13% correct (86.87% incorrect). Random chance was calculated at 16.7% correct. The cuspid contacts were the least often chosen as the most forceful contact. The Mann-Whitney U test found a significant difference between choosing the anterior teeth vs. posterior teeth. onclusions: Subjective interpretation is an inaccurate method for determining high force occlusal contacts. The reported low correct percentage fell below random chance, suggesting that dentists are unable to detect high occlusal force from looking at articulating paper marks.
Assuntos
Força de Mordida , Oclusão Dentária , Odontólogos , Registro da Relação Maxilomandibular/métodos , Papel , Oclusão Dentária Balanceada , HumanosRESUMO
AIMS: The purpose of this case report is to share an incidence where a bite force imbalance and occlusal interferences contributed to chronic daily headaches. METHODS: A TekScan digital occlusal analyzer was used to evaluate the bite and systematically guide alterations to the patient's occlusion. RESULTS: After the bite was adjusted and optimized, the patient reported a decrease in her headaches.Shortly afterward, she sustained trauma to her face that altered the way her bite came together. Via physical therapy modalities to heal the muscle, occlusion was restored to the pre-trauma relationship. CONCLUSIONS: Once the patient's bite was balanced and the interferences removed, the headaches were greatly improved.