RESUMO
BACKGROUND: N-Myc Interactor is an inducible protein whose expression is compromised in advanced stage breast cancer. Downregulation of NMI, a gatekeeper of epithelial phenotype, in breast tumors promotes mesenchymal, invasive and metastatic phenotype of the cancer cells. Thus the mechanisms that regulate expression of NMI are of potential interest for understanding the etiology of breast tumor progression and metastasis. METHOD: Web based prediction algorithms were used to identify miRNAs that potentially target the NMI transcript. Luciferase reporter assays and western blot analysis were used to confirm the ability of miR-29 to target NMI. Quantitive-RT-PCRs were used to examine levels of miR29 and NMI from cell line and patient specimen derived RNA. The functional impact of miR-29 on EMT phenotype was evaluated using transwell migration as well as monitoring 3D matrigel growth morphology. Anti-miRs were used to examine effects of reducing miR-29 levels from cells. Western blots were used to examine changes in GSK3ß phosphorylation status. The impact on molecular attributes of EMT was evaluated using immunocytochemistry, qRT-PCRs as well as Western blot analyses. RESULTS: Invasive, mesenchymal-like breast cancer cell lines showed increased levels of miR-29. Introduction of miR-29 into breast cancer cells (with robust level of NMI) resulted in decreased NMI expression and increased invasion, whereas treatment of cells with high miR-29 and low NMI levels with miR-29 antagonists increased NMI expression and decreased invasion. Assessment of 2D and 3D growth morphologies revealed an EMT promoting effect of miR-29. Analysis of mRNA of NMI and miR-29 from patient derived breast cancer tumors showed a strong, inverse relationship between the expression of NMI and the miR-29. Our studies also revealed that in the absence of NMI, miR-29 expression is upregulated due to unrestricted Wnt/ß-catenin signaling resulting from inactivation of GSK3ß. CONCLUSION: Aberrant miR-29 expression may account for reduced NMI expression in breast tumors and mesenchymal phenotype of cancer cells that promotes invasive growth. Reduction in NMI levels has a feed-forward impact on miR-29 levels.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/genética , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intracelular/metabolismo , MicroRNAs/genética , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Algoritmos , Neoplasias da Mama/metabolismo , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Biologia Computacional/métodos , Transição Epitelial-Mesenquimal , Feminino , Quinase 3 da Glicogênio Sintase/metabolismo , Glicogênio Sintase Quinase 3 beta , Humanos , Células MCF-7 , Invasividade Neoplásica/genética , Invasividade Neoplásica/patologia , Transdução de SinaisRESUMO
Unlike malignancies of the nervous system, there have been no mutations identified in Merlin in breast cancer. As such, the role of the tumor suppressor, Merlin, has not been investigated in breast cancer. We assessed Merlin expression in breast cancer tissues by immunohistochemistry and by real-time PCR. The expression of Merlin protein (assessed immunohistochemically) was significantly decreased in breast cancer tissues (although the transcript levels were comparable) simultaneous with increased expression of the tumor-promoting protein, osteopontin (OPN). We further demonstrate that the loss of Merlin in breast cancer is brought about, in part, due to OPN-initiated Akt-mediated phosphorylation of Merlin leading to its proteasomal degradation. Restoring expression of Merlin resulted in reduced malignant attributes of breast cancer, characterized by reduced invasion, migration, motility, and impeded tumor (xenograft) growth in immunocompromised mice. The possibility of developing a model using the relationship between OPN and Merlin was tested with a logistic regression model applied to immunohistochemistry data. This identified consistent loss of immunohistochemical expression of Merlin in breast tumor tissues. Thus, we demonstrate for the first time a role for Merlin in impeding breast malignancy, identify a novel mechanism for the loss of Merlin protein in breast cancer, and have developed a discriminatory model using Merlin and OPN expression in breast tumor tissues.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/metabolismo , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Modelos Biológicos , Neurofibromina 2/metabolismo , Processamento de Proteína Pós-Traducional , Proteólise , Animais , Neoplasias da Mama/genética , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Movimento Celular , Feminino , Humanos , Camundongos , Camundongos Nus , Invasividade Neoplásica , Transplante de Neoplasias , Neurofibromina 2/genética , Osteopontina/genética , Osteopontina/metabolismo , Fosforilação/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt/metabolismo , Transplante HeterólogoRESUMO
Utilizing gene microarray profiling of melanoma samples, we have recently identified a novel gene overexpressed in both thick primary and metastatic melanomas. This gene, progestagen-associated endometrial protein (PAEP), has never before been implicated in the oncogenic processes of melanoma, with its true function in oncogenesis and tumour progression relatively unknown. Overexpression of the PAEP gene in freshly procured thick primary and metastatic melanoma samples (58%) and daughter cell lines (77%) is confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, Western blotting and mass spectrometric analysis. We suggest that PAEP gene overexpression is involved with melanoma tumour progression as well as an aggressive phenotype. Transfection of melanoma cells with PAEP small interfering RNA (siRNA) reveals a significant decrease in soft agar colony formation and a marked inhibition of both cell migration and cell invasion. Furthermore, we establish stable melanoma transfectants via PAEP lentiviral small hairpin RNA (shRNA), examine their growth characteristics in a murine xenograft model and reveal that tumour growth is significantly inhibited in two separate melanoma cell lines. Our data strongly implicate the PAEP gene as a tumour growth promoter with oncogenic properties and a potential therapeutic target for patients with advanced melanoma.
Assuntos
Glicoproteínas/genética , Melanoma/genética , Proteínas da Gravidez/genética , Ágar , Animais , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Movimento Celular , Proliferação de Células , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Técnicas de Silenciamento de Genes , Inativação Gênica , Glicodelina , Glicoproteínas/metabolismo , Humanos , Lentivirus/genética , Melanoma/patologia , Camundongos , Invasividade Neoplásica , Proteínas da Gravidez/metabolismo , RNA Interferente Pequeno/metabolismo , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Neoplasias Cutâneas/genética , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia , Transcrição Gênica , Ensaio Tumoral de Célula-Tronco , Ensaios Antitumorais Modelo de XenoenxertoRESUMO
Ser/Thr protein phosphatase 5 (PP5) regulates several signaling-cascades that suppress growth and/or facilitate apoptosis in response to genomic stress. The expression of PP5 is responsive to hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) and estrogen, which have both been linked to the progression of human breast cancer. Still, it is not clear if PP5 plays a role in the development of human cancer. Here, immunostaining of breast cancer tissue-microarrays (TMAs) revealed a positive correlation between PP5 over-expression and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS; P value 0.0028), invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC; P value 0.012) and IDC with metastases at the time of diagnosis (P value 0.0001). In a mouse xenograft model, the constitutive over-expression of PP5 was associated with an increase in the rate of tumor growth. In a MCF-7 cell culture model over-expression correlated with both an increase in the rate of proliferation and protection from cell death induced by oxidative stress, UVC-irradiation, adriamycin, and vinblastine. PP5 over-expression had no apparent effect on the sensitivity of MCF-7 cells to taxol or rapamycin. Western analysis of extracts from cells over-expressing PP5 revealed a decrease in the phosphorylation of known substrates for PP5. Together, these studies indicate that elevated levels of PP5 protein occur in human breast cancer and suggest that PP5 over-expression may aid tumor progression.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/enzimologia , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/enzimologia , Carcinoma Intraductal não Infiltrante/enzimologia , Animais , Morte Celular , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Doxorrubicina/farmacologia , Humanos , Camundongos , Camundongos Nus , Proteínas Nucleares , Estresse Oxidativo , Fosfoproteínas Fosfatases , Treonina , Fatores de Tempo , Raios Ultravioleta , Regulação para Cima , Vimblastina/farmacologiaRESUMO
Renal medullary carcinoma is a recently described highly aggressive malignancy that in most instances exhibits a constellation of clinical and light microscopic features sufficiently distinctive to enable a quick and confident diagnosis. Presented are three examples where, because of unusual elements in the clinical presentation, electron microscopic examination proved beneficial in establishing the diagnosis.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Medular/diagnóstico , Carcinoma Medular/ultraestrutura , Neoplasias Renais/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Renais/ultraestrutura , Adolescente , Adulto , Carcinoma Medular/complicações , Carcinoma de Células Renais/patologia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Hematúria/etiologia , Humanos , Neoplasias Renais/complicações , Masculino , Microscopia Eletrônica de TransmissãoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Alveolar soft part sarcoma is a rare soft tissue tumor of uncertain origin that is generally slow growing but unmistakably malignant due to its propensity for metastasis to lung, bone and brain early in the course of disease. Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) of these tumors and recognition of the characteristic cytologic features precludes more invasive diagnostic measures and facilitates appropriate treatment. CASE: A 54-year-old African-American man presented to our institution with a 2-week history of left leg pain. Imaging studies revealed a left leg soft tissue mass just below the popliteal fossa and multiple bilateral lung lesions suggestive of metastatic neoplasm. FNAB of the left lower extremity mass yielded uniform clusters of cells and sigle cells with large nuclei and single prominent nucleoli. Histologically, the biopsy showed nests of large polygonal cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm, round regular nuclei and prominent nucleoli. A periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) stain highlighted intracytoplasmic rhomboidal crystals, a feature diagnostic of alveolar soft part sarcoma. CONCLUSION: Alveolar soft part sarcoma may be diagnosed by its unique morphologic characteristics and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of all cytologically sampled soft tissue lesions.
Assuntos
Sarcoma Alveolar de Partes Moles/patologia , Neoplasias de Tecidos Moles/patologia , Biópsia , Biópsia por Agulha Fina , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Perna (Membro) , Masculino , Microscopia Eletrônica , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reação do Ácido Periódico de Schiff , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
Solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas is a rare neoplasm of uncertain origin with low malignant potential and often indolent behavior occurring predominantly in adolescent and young women. Here we report the cases of three adult males with pancreatic masses, one with metastasis, diagnosed as solid-pseudopapillary tumor by cytology, electron microscopy (EM), and routine histology. This neoplasm is uncommon in both males and adults and uncommonly metastasizes. The cases reported emphasize the utility of different diagnostic modalities, and here we review the diagnostic features by cytology, EM, and routine histology to correctly characterize this neoplasm. It is extremely important to correctly diagnose this indolent neoplasm due to the excellent prognosis with surgical resection.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Pancreáticas/patologia , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Metástase Neoplásica/patologia , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/ultraestrutura , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
CONTEXT: -Multiple sources have identified challenges that training programs face in preparing graduates for the "real world" practice of pathology, and many training programs have sought to decrease the gap between skills acquired during training and those required in practice. However, there exists the possibility that some of the difficulty experienced by newly trained pathologists and employers might arise from differences between employer expectations of new hires and what applicants expect from their first job. OBJECTIVE: -To define the constellation of skills and attributes employers prioritize when hiring newly trained pathologists. DESIGN: -A survey of fellows of the College of American Pathologists in practice for 5 or more years in the United States was administered and the results were analyzed. RESULTS: -A total of 630 pathologists who were responsible for hiring a new-in-practice pathologist completed the survey. Regardless of practice setting, certain skills and attributes were rated critically important in new hires, including ethics/integrity, work ethic, and professionalism. Seventy-one percent reported having some difficulty hiring entry-level pathologists and cited inadequate training/experience during residency, and applicants having unrealistic expectations regarding work load/hours as the most common reasons. CONCLUSIONS: -Prospective employers not only expect well-developed diagnostic skills in their job applicants, but also require evidence of a strong work ethic and outstanding professionalism. Successful applicants must display willingness to assume responsibilities and flexibility regarding existing and new responsibilities. A secondary but important finding of this survey was that most jobs are garnered through word-of-mouth recommendations; therefore, it is crucial for pathologists-in-training to hone their networking skills.
Assuntos
Competência Clínica , Patologistas , Educação de Pós-Graduação em Medicina , Humanos , Patologia/educação , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
The tumor suppressor protein Merlin is proteasomally degraded in breast cancer. We undertook an untargeted metabolomics approach to discern the global metabolomics profile impacted by Merlin in breast cancer cells. We discerned specific changes in glutathione metabolites that uncovered novel facets of Merlin in impacting the cancer cell metabolome. Concordantly, Merlin loss increased oxidative stress causing aberrant activation of Hedgehog signaling. Abrogation of GLI-mediated transcription activity compromised the aggressive phenotype of Merlin-deficient cells indicating a clear dependence of cells on Hedgehog signaling. In breast tumor tissues, GLI1 expression enhanced tissue identification and discriminatory power of Merlin, cumulatively presenting a powerful substantiation of the relationship between these two proteins. We have uncovered, for the first time, details of the tumor cell metabolomic portrait modulated by Merlin, leading to activation of Hedgehog signaling. Importantly, inhibition of Hedgehog signaling offers an avenue to target the vulnerability of tumor cells with loss of Merlin.
Assuntos
Adaptação Fisiológica , Neurofibromina 2/genética , Proteínas Hedgehog/genética , Proteínas Hedgehog/metabolismo , Humanos , Células MCF-7 , Metaboloma , Neurofibromina 2/metabolismo , Estresse Oxidativo , Transdução de Sinais , Proteína GLI1 em Dedos de Zinco/genética , Proteína GLI1 em Dedos de Zinco/metabolismoRESUMO
Carney triad is a rare syndrome, with only 20 complete cases reported. We report a 36-year-old white woman with complete Carney triad, including metastatic gastric stromal tumor (GIST), pulmonary chondroma, and nonfunctioning extra-adrenal paraganglioma. Immunohistochemistry was positive for CD34 and CD117 (c-kit) in the GIST, and positive for chromogranin and CD117 in the paraganglioma. Ultrastructural studies demonstrated skeinoid fibers in the GIST. To our knowledge, this is the 21st complete Carney triad case reported and the first report of dual expression CD117 in both GIST and paraganglioma, a finding with intriguing pathogenetic implications related to the organization of the autonomic nervous system.
Assuntos
Condroma/patologia , Tumores do Estroma Gastrointestinal/patologia , Leiomiossarcoma/secundário , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Paraganglioma Extrassuprarrenal/patologia , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-kit/análise , Adulto , Antígenos CD34/análise , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Biomarcadores Tumorais/análise , Condroma/química , Condroma/terapia , Cromograninas/análise , Tratamento Farmacológico , Feminino , Tumores do Estroma Gastrointestinal/química , Tumores do Estroma Gastrointestinal/terapia , Humanos , Leiomiossarcoma/química , Leiomiossarcoma/terapia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/química , Neoplasias Pulmonares/terapia , Cuidados Paliativos , Paraganglioma Extrassuprarrenal/química , Paraganglioma Extrassuprarrenal/terapia , SíndromeRESUMO
Professionalism issues are common in residency training and can be very difficult to recognize and manage. Almost one-third of the milestones for pathology recently instituted by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education encompass aspects of professionalism. Program directors are often unsure of how and when to remediate residents for unprofessional behavior. We used a case-based educational approach in a workshop setting to assist program directors in the management of unprofessional behavior in residents. Eight case scenarios highlighting various aspects of unprofessional behavior by pathology residents were developed and presented in an open workshop forum at the annual pathology program director's meeting. Prior to the workshop, 2 surveys were conducted: (1) to collect data on program directors' experience with identifying, assessing, and managing unprofessional behavior in their residents and (2) to get feedback from workshop registrants on how they would manage each of the 8 case scenarios. A wide range of unprofessional behaviors have been observed by pathology program directors. Although there is occasionally general agreement on how to manage specific behaviors, there remains wide variation in how to manage many of the presented unprofessional behaviors. Remediation for unprofessional behavior in pathology residents remains a difficult and challenging process. Additional education and research in this area are warranted.
RESUMO
Squirrel monkeys are the most commonly used New World primates in biomedical research, but in vitro studies are restricted by the limited number of cell lines available from this species. We report here the development and characterization of a continuous, kidney epithelial cell line (SQMK-FP cells) derived from a newborn squirrel monkey. Karyotype was consistent with Bolivian squirrel monkey (submetacentric chromosome pair 15 and acrocentric chromosome pair 16). All cells examined were hyperdiploid with chromosome numbers ranging from 52 to 57. Ultrastructural analysis of SQMK-FP cells revealed the presence of cell junctions with radiating filaments, indicating desmosomes and numerous surface projections containing longitudinally oriented filaments typical of tubular epithelium. Biochemically, SQMK-FP cells exhibit glucocorticoid resistance typical of the squirrel monkey. Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) binding is low in SQMK-FP cells because of high expression of the FK506-binding immunophilin FKBP51 that inhibits GR binding. SQMK-FP cells constitute a tubular epithelial cell line that has biochemical properties characteristic of squirrel monkeys and represents an alternate cell model to B-lymphoblast SML cells to study the biology of the squirrel monkey in vitro.
Assuntos
Linhagem Celular , Células Epiteliais , Rim/citologia , Saimiri , Animais , Animais Recém-Nascidos , Bolívia , Células Epiteliais/metabolismo , Células Epiteliais/ultraestrutura , Cariotipagem , Camundongos , Proteínas de Ligação a Tacrolimo/metabolismoRESUMO
PURPOSE: To evaluate cell viability and matrix characteristics of refrigerated osteochondral allografts implanted up to 44 days after harvest. METHODS: Sixteen refrigerated allografts underwent histologic and ultrastructural examination and fluorescence excitation analysis prior to implantation. The average size of the graft implanted was 6.2 cm(2) (+/-3.4 cm(2)). Refrigerated allografts averaged 30 days (range, 17 to 44 days) from donor expiration to implantation. Nine specimens underwent cell viability testing. The percent viability of refrigerated allografts prior to implantation averaged 67%. RESULTS: No significant correlations were noted between histologic score, electron microscopy score, matrix staining percent (MSP) score, and viability. When time to implantation was assessed, an inverse correlation was noted with MSP score (r =.539) (P < 0.05), indicating less matrix staining in grafts refrigerated longer after harvest. CONCLUSION: The current data indicate that refrigerated osteochondral allografts can be maintained for up to 44 days with average chondrocyte viability of 67%.
Assuntos
Cartilagem Articular/transplante , Condrócitos/fisiologia , Condrócitos/transplante , Preservação de Tecido/métodos , Cartilagem Articular/citologia , Humanos , Microscopia Eletrônica , Refrigeração , Transplante HomólogoRESUMO
The genus Halicephalobus consists of eight species of free-living nematodes. Only one species (H. gingivalis) has been reported to infect vertebrates. Human infection is extremely rare, and only four cases have been reported in the literature. These nematodes seem to exhibit neurotropism, but their life cycle, mode of infection, and risk factors are poorly understood. Neurohelminthiases are not commonly recognized in the United States and when they do occur, pose great diagnostic challenges because of lack of appropriate non-invasive screening and/or confirmatory tests. We report a challenging case of meningoencephalomyelitis caused by a Halicephalobus sp., in which the patient had a rapidly deteriorating clinical course. The case did not raise any clinical suspicion of neurohelminthiases, although increased eosinophils were present in the cerebrospinal fluid. This case presents an opportunity to highlight the importance of considering parasitic infection in meningoencephalitis or meningoencephalomyelitis presenting atypically.
Assuntos
Encefalomielite/parasitologia , Meningite/parasitologia , Meningoencefalite/parasitologia , Infecções por Rhabditida/diagnóstico , Rabditídios/classificação , Idoso , Animais , Encefalomielite/diagnóstico , Encefalomielite/patologia , Evolução Fatal , Feminino , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Meningite/diagnóstico , Meningite/patologia , Meningoencefalite/diagnóstico , Meningoencefalite/patologia , Rabditídios/genética , Rabditídios/patogenicidade , Infecções por Rhabditida/patologiaRESUMO
The remodeling process in bone yields numerous cytokines and chemokines that mediate crosstalk between osteoblasts and osteoclasts and also serve to attract and support metastatic tumor cells. The metastatic tumor cells disturb the equilibrium in bone that manifests as skeletal complications. The Hedgehog (Hh) pathway plays an important role in skeletogenesis. We hypothesized that the Hh pathway mediates an interaction between tumor cells and osteoblasts and influences osteoblast differentiation in response to tumor cells. We have determined that breast tumor cells have an activated Hh pathway characterized by upregulation of the ligand, IHH and transcription factor GLI1. Breast cancer cells interact with osteoblasts and cause an enhanced differentiation of pre-osteoblasts to osteoblasts that express increased levels of the osteoclastogenesis factors, RANKL and PTHrP. There is sustained expression of osteoclast-promoting factors, RANKL and PTHrP, even after the osteoblast differentiation ceases and apoptosis sets in. Moreover, tumor cells that are deficient in Hh signaling are compromised in their ability to induce osteoblast differentiation and consequently are inefficient in causing osteolysis. The stimulation of osteoblast differentiation sets the stage for osteoclast differentiation and overall promotes osteolysis. Thus, in the process of developing newer therapeutic strategies against breast cancer metastasis to bone it would worthwhile to keep in mind the role of the Hh pathway in osteoblast differentiation in an otherwise predominant osteolytic phenomenon.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/metabolismo , Proteínas Hedgehog/metabolismo , Osteoblastos/patologia , Osteólise/metabolismo , Animais , Mama/metabolismo , Mama/patologia , Neoplasias da Mama/genética , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Linhagem Celular , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Feminino , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Proteínas Hedgehog/genética , Humanos , Camundongos , Camundongos Nus , Metástase Neoplásica/patologia , Proteínas Oncogênicas/genética , Proteínas Oncogênicas/metabolismo , Osteoblastos/citologia , Osteoblastos/metabolismo , Osteólise/patologia , Transdução de Sinais , Transativadores/genética , Transativadores/metabolismo , Proteína GLI1 em Dedos de ZincoRESUMO
We describe here for the first time an efficient high yield production method for clinical grade recombinant human Oncofetal Antigen/immature laminin receptor protein (OFA/iLRP). We also demonstrate significant antitumor activity for this protein when administered in liposomal delivery form in a murine model of syngeneic fibrosarcoma. OFA/iLRP is a therapeutically very promising universal tumor antigen that is expressed in all mammalian solid tumors tested so far. We have cloned the human OFA/iLRP cDNA in a bacterial expression plasmid which incorporates a 6x HIS-tag. Large scale cultures of the plasmid transformed Escherichia coli were performed and the crude HIS-tagged OFA/iLRP was isolated as inclusion bodies and solubilized in guanidine chloride. The protein was then purified by successive passage through three column chromatography steps of immobilized metal affinity, anion exchange, and gel filtration. The resulting protein was 94% pure and practically devoid of endotoxin and host cell protein. The purified OFA/iLRP was tested in mice for safety and efficacy in tumor rejection with satisfactory results. This protein will be used for loading onto autologous dendritic cells in an FDA approved phase I/II human cancer vaccine trial in OFA/iLRP-positive breast cancer patients.
Assuntos
Antígenos de Neoplasias/imunologia , Vacinas Anticâncer/imunologia , Fibrossarcoma/imunologia , Receptores de Laminina/imunologia , Proteínas Ribossômicas/imunologia , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Animais , Antígenos de Neoplasias/química , Antígenos de Neoplasias/genética , Antígenos de Neoplasias/isolamento & purificação , Vacinas Anticâncer/efeitos adversos , Vacinas Anticâncer/metabolismo , Linhagem Celular Tumoral/imunologia , Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , Clonagem Molecular , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Escherichia coli/genética , Feminino , Fibrossarcoma/metabolismo , Guanidina/farmacologia , Histidina/química , Humanos , Corpos de Inclusão/imunologia , Corpos de Inclusão/metabolismo , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Peso Molecular , Plasmídeos/genética , Controle de Qualidade , Receptores de Laminina/química , Receptores de Laminina/genética , Receptores de Laminina/isolamento & purificação , Proteínas Recombinantes/química , Proteínas Recombinantes/imunologia , Proteínas Recombinantes/isolamento & purificação , Proteínas Ribossômicas/química , Proteínas Ribossômicas/genética , Proteínas Ribossômicas/isolamento & purificação , Solubilidade , Transformação Bacteriana , Ensaios Antitumorais Modelo de XenoenxertoRESUMO
Metaplastic breast carcinoma is a rare entity with the distinguishing feature of having epithelial and mesenchymal tissue types incorporated within one tumor. This is a case report of a patient found to have a rare metaplastic breast carcinoma with prominent osseous differentiation. Radiologic and pathologic correlation is provided.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Mama/patologia , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/patologia , Ossificação Heterotópica/patologia , Neoplasias da Mama/diagnóstico por imagem , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/diagnóstico por imagem , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Humanos , Metaplasia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Radiografia , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
At the Ultrapath X meeting in Florence, the regular session opened with a presentation of Aaron DeGroft's engrossing story of investigating the authenticity of a portrait of Federico II Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua. In the early 1900s, this work had been deemed to be an authentic production by Titian, a great artist of the Italian Renaissance. A respected art historian, however, discovered a conflict of dates that led to the conclusion that this work was not authentic. In a process sometimes analogous to the practice of surgical pathology, Dr. DeGroft pursued a review of the original materials that refutes this seeming contradiction of dates. Dr. DeGroft also undertook an extensive art historical examination and scientific analysis, including the use of electron microscopy, to persuasively conclude that this portrait is authentic. Further, his work provided a bridge from the conference setting in Florence, rich in Renaissance art, to the contemporary update on ultrastructural pathology provided by the conference.
Assuntos
Microanálise por Sonda Eletrônica , Pessoas Famosas , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Pinturas/história , Microanálise por Sonda Eletrônica/métodos , História do Século XV , História do Século XVI , História do Século XVII , História do Século XXI , Humanos , Itália , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura/métodosRESUMO
A 56-year-old woman presented with a right inguinal mass. Biopsy revealed multiple lymph nodes involved with papillary and gland-like structures extending into the surrounding fibroadipose tissue. There was no history of carcinoma or other malignancy. Ultrastructural findings included long microvilli, desmosomes, and tonofilament bundles, indicating metastatic malignant mesothelioma. Malignant mesothelioma only rarely presents as a lymph node metastasis, and electron microscopy is very useful in establishing this diagnosis.
Assuntos
Canal Inguinal/patologia , Metástase Linfática/patologia , Mesotelioma/patologia , Mesotelioma/secundário , Adenocarcinoma/patologia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Hemangiossarcoma/patologia , Humanos , Metástase Linfática/ultraestrutura , Masculino , Melanoma/patologia , Mesotelioma/ultraestrutura , Microscopia Eletrônica , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
Fibromatosis of the breast is a rare benign tumor that should be included in the differential diagnosis for breast cancer. It is usually indistinguishable from malignancy on ultrasound, mammography, physical examination, and on gross evaluation. Distinction is easily made by histologic findings. This benign tumor does not metastasize, but is locally aggressive and tends to recur postoperatively, which accounts for considerable morbidity. We present two cases and a discussion from the perspective of the radiologist, the surgeon, and the pathologist.