RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To determine the perspective of intensive care nursing staff on the limitation of life support treatment (LLST) in the Intensive Care Units. METHOD: An exploratory qualitative study was carried out by applying the theory of Strauss and Corbin as the analysis tool. Constructivist paradigm. POPULATION: Nursing staff from three Intensive Care Units of Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge. Convenience sampling to reach theoretical saturation of data. Data collection through semi-structured interview recorded prior to informed consent. Rigor and quality criteria (reliability, credibility, transferability), and authenticity criteria: reflexivity. Demographic data was analysed using Excel. RESULTS: A total of 28 interviews were conducted. The mean age of the nurses was 35.6 years, with a mean seniority of 11.46 years of working in ICU. A minority of nurses (21.46%) had received basic training in bioethics. The large majority (85.7%) believe that LLST is not a common practice due to therapeutic cruelty and poor management with it. There is a correlation with the technical concepts; but among the main ethical problems is the decision to apply LLST. Nurses recognise that the decision on applying LLST depends on medical consensus with relatives, and they believe that their opinion is not considered. Their objective is trying to avoid suffering, and assist in providing a dignified death and support to relatives. CONCLUSIONS: There is still a paternalistic pattern between the doctor and patient relationship, where the doctor makes the decision and then agrees with the relatives to apply LLST. Organ failure and poor prognosis are the most important criteria for applying LLST. It is necessary to develop a guide for applying LLST, emphasising the involvement of nurses, patients, and their relatives.
Assuntos
Atitude do Pessoal de Saúde , Enfermagem de Cuidados Críticos , Cuidados para Prolongar a Vida , Adulto , Temas Bioéticos , Feminino , Humanos , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva , Cuidados para Prolongar a Vida/ética , MasculinoRESUMO
Appropriateness is a dimension of quality that evaluates the effective use of technologies, resources or interventions in specific situations or populations, assessing whether our interventions do more benefit than harm. The evidence regarding pain monitoring in the critically ill patient points to the periodic assessment of pain using appropriate tools, with the aim of improving pain management and more efficient use of analgesics in the intensive care unit. The first step would be to assess the patient's ability to communicate or self-report and, based on this, to select the most appropriate pain assessment tool. In patients who are unable to self-report, behavioural pain assessment tools are recommended. When we talk about the suitability of behavioural scales for pain monitoring in critically ill patients unable to self-report, we refer to their use with a clear clinical benefit, i.e. using the right tool for pain assessment to be effective, efficient and consistent with bioethical principles. To our knowledge, there are no published data on the suitability of pain assessment tools in unable to self-report critically ill patients, so, in the framework of continuous quality improvement in pain care, new research should incorporate this approach by integrating the best scientific evidence with current clinical practice.
Assuntos
Estado Terminal , Medição da Dor , Autorrelato , Humanos , Medição da Dor/métodos , Manejo da Dor/métodosRESUMO
Objetivo: Determinar la perspectiva de los profesionales de enfermería que trabajan en unidades de cuidados intensivos (UCI) sobre la limitación de la terapia de soporte vital (LTSV). Método: Estudio cualitativo, método teoría fundamentada de Strauss y Corbin. Paradigma constructivista. Población: enfermeras de las 3 UCI polivalentes del Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge. Muestreo por conveniencia hasta llegar a la saturación teórica de los datos. Recogida de datos mediante entrevista semiestructurada grabada previo consentimiento informado. Criterios de calidad y rigor (confiabilidad, credibilidad, transferibilidad) y criterios de autenticidad: reflexividad. Para análisis datos demográficos se utiliza Excel. Resultados: Realizamos 28 entrevistas. La edad media de los profesionales de enfermería es de 35,6 años, con una antigüedad laboral media en UCI de 11,46 años. El 21,46% tiene formación básica en bioética. El 85,7% considera que no es una práctica habitual debido al encarnizamiento terapéutico y el pobre manejo con la LTSV. Existe correlación con los conceptos técnicos, pero los principales problemas éticos se originan en la toma de decisiones. Los profesionales de enfermería reconocen que la decisión sobre la LTSV la toma el médico en consenso con la familia de forma tardía y creen que su opinión no está considerada, pretenden evitar el sufrimiento y ayudar en la muerte digna aportando bienestar familiar. Conclusiones: El patrón paternalista domina en la relación médico-paciente, donde el médico toma las decisiones y posteriormente consensúa con la familia. La claudicación y el mal pronóstico son los criterios más importantes para ejercer la LTSV. Es necesario elaborar una guía para la LTSV haciendo hincapié en la involucración de los profesionales de enfermería, los pacientes y sus familias
Objective: To determine the perspective of intensive care nursing staff on the limitation of life support treatment (LLST) in the Intensive Care Units. Method: An exploratory qualitative study was carried out by applying the theory of Strauss and Corbin as the analysis tool. Constructivist paradigm. Population: Nursing staff from three Intensive Care Units of Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge. Convenience sampling to reach theoretical saturation of data. Data collection through semi-structured interview recorded prior to informed consent. Rigor and quality criteria (reliability, credibility, transferability), and authenticity criteria: reflexivity. Demographic data was analysed using Excel. Results: A total of 28 interviews were conducted. The mean age of the nurses was 35.6 years, with a mean seniority of 11.46 years of working in ICU. A minority of nurses (21.46%) had received basic training in bioethics. The large majority (85.7%) believe that LLST is not a common practice due to therapeutic cruelty and poor management with it. There is a correlation with the technical concepts; but among the main ethical problems is the decision to apply LLST. Nurses recognise that the decision on applying LLST depends on medical consensus with relatives, and they believe that their opinion is not considered. Their objective is trying to avoid suffering, and assist in providing a dignified death and support to relatives. Conclusions: There is still a paternalistic pattern between the doctor and patient relationship, where the doctor makes the decision and then agrees with the relatives to apply LLST. Organ failure and poor prognosis are the most important criteria for applying LLST. It is necessary to develop a guide for applying LLST, emphasising the involvement of nurses, patients, and their relative