RESUMO
Hippuristanol is a marine derived steroidal natural product with promising anticancer activity. However, instability at low pH has precluded its development as an efficient therapy. We addressed this limitation by replacing one of the oxygen atoms of the spiroketal moiety with a carbon atom. Key steps in the synthesis include a Meyer-Schuster/Nazarov cascade, a hypoiodite mediated oxyfunctionalization, and the late-stage installation of a hydroxyl group on the C-ring of the steroid.
Assuntos
Produtos Biológicos , Estrutura Molecular , Produtos Biológicos/química , Produtos Biológicos/síntese química , Compostos de Espiro/química , Compostos de Espiro/síntese química , Esteroides/química , Esteroides/síntese química , Antineoplásicos/síntese química , Antineoplásicos/química , Antineoplásicos/farmacologiaRESUMO
Up to 45 % of deaths in developed nations can be attributed to chronic fibroproliferative diseases, highlighting the need for effective therapies. The RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) integrin αvß1 was recently investigated for its role in fibrotic disease, and thus warrants therapeutic targeting. Herein we describe the identification of non-RGD hit small-molecule αvß1 inhibitors. We show that αvß1 activity is embedded in a range of published α4ß1 (VLA-4) ligands; we also demonstrate how a non-RGD integrin inhibitor (of α4ß1 in this case) was converted into a potent non-zwitterionic RGD integrin inhibitor (of αvß1 in this case). We designed urea ligands with excellent selectivity over α4ß1 and the other αv integrins (αvß3, αvß5, αvß6, αvß8). Inâ silico docking models and density functional theory (DFT) calculations aided the discovery of the lead urea series.