hsa­miR­429 targets CBX8 to promote cell apoptosis in diffuse large B­cell lymphoma.

Diffuse large B­cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of non­Hodgkin lymphoma worldwide. Several studies have indicated that Homo sapiens (hsa)­microRNA (miR)­429 exerts a tumor­suppressive effect on a variety of malignant tumors. To the best of our knowledge, the molecular function and mechanism of action of hsa­miR­429 in DLBCL have not been evaluated to date. The present study demonstrated that the expression of hsa­miR­429 in DLBCL cells was significantly reduced. hsa­miR­429 inhibited the proliferation of the DLBCL cell lines, SUDHL­4 and DB, and promoted apoptosis. A dual luciferase reporter assay was used to demonstrate that chromobox 8 (CBX8) was the target gene of hsa­miR­429. Overexpression of CBX8 promoted the proliferation of SUDHL­4 and DB cells and inhibited apoptosis, thereby playing a cancer­promoting role. Transfection of hsa­miR­429 mimic into DB cells overexpressing CBX8 antagonized the effect of CBX8 on the proliferation of DB cells. Moreover, the apoptotic rate was increased in DB cells overexpressing CBX8 and transfected with hsa­miR­429 mimic, while the proportion of cells in the G2/M phase was significantly reduced. These results demonstrated the antagonistic effect of hsa­miR­429 on the oncogenic function of CBX8. Therefore, in DLBCL, the tumor suppressor effect of hsa­miR­429 may be achieved by targeted downregulation of CBX8, suggesting that hsa­miR­429 may be used as a diagnostic marker and a potential nucleic acid drug for DLBCL. CBX8 may also represent an effective therapeutic target for DLBCL.

[Size Distribution of Aerosol Hygroscopic Growth Factors in Winter in Tianjin].

Aerosol hygroscopic growth factors[g(RH)] are key for evaluating aerosol light extinction and direct radiative forcing. The hygroscopic tandem differential mobility analyzer (HTDMA) was utilized to measure the size-resolved gm(RH) under different polluted conditions in winter in Tianjin. Furthermore, based on the size distribution of aerosol water-soluble ions, the gκ(RH) across a wide size range (60 nm to 9.8 µm) was estimated using the κ-Köhler theory, which provides a basis for the estimation of aerosol optical parameters and direct radiative forcing under ambient conditions. Under clean conditions, ultrafine particles (<100 nm) were more hygroscopic and gm(RH=80%) was higher than 1.30 due to the active photolysis reaction. However, under severely polluted conditions, the proportion of water-soluble ions in aerosols increased with the increasing size; gm(RH) increased with particle size, where gm(RH=80%) and gm(RH=85%) for 300 nm particles was 1.39 and 1.46, respectively. For a wide size range (60 nm to 9.8 µm), the aerosols in the accumulation mode were more hygroscopic and aerosols in the Aitken mode were less hygroscopic, with coarse mode aerosols being the least hygroscopic. During the polluted period, the particulate size notably increased, and the mass fraction of NO3- and SO42- in the accumulation mode aerosols was significantly higher than during the clean period. Accordingly, the hygroscopicity of accumulation mode aerosols was strongly enhanced during the polluted period[gκ(RH)=1.3-1.4] and aerosols in the 0.18-3.1 µm size range all had a strong hygroscopicity. On polluted days, the synergistic effect of the increase in particle size, water-soluble ions, and aerosol hygroscopicity results in the considerable deterioration of visibility.

[Characteristics of Component Particle Size Distributions of Particulate Matter Emitted from a Waste Incineration Plant].

There are few analyses on the components of particulate matter emitted from waste incineration plants. In past studies, analyses of particle size distribution characteristics of the components were mainly targeted at particles with larger particle sizes. An electrical low pressure impactor (ELPI) was used in this study to collect the particulate matter emitted from a waste incineration plant, and the elements and carbonaceous components of these samples were analyzed. The particle size characteristics of organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), and heavy metal elements in 14 particle size segments were analyzed and composition profiles of elements and carbonaceous components of PM1, PM2.5, and PM10 from the waste incineration plant were established to provide a reference for refined source apportionment research. The results showed that the main components of the waste incineration plant included Al, Si, S, Ca, Cr, Fe, OC, EC, etc. OC and Ca were dominating components, and mass fractions of these components in the PM2.5 profile were 10.15% and 12.37%, respectively. The contents of heavy metals were ranked as Cr > Pb > Zn > Mn > Cu > Cd > Ni, and the mass fractions of Cr and Pb in PM2.5 amounted to 1.83% and 0.74%, respectively. OC in the range of 2.39-3.99 and 6.68-9.91 µm accounted for 15.02% and 20.45% of the total OC content, respectively, and the content of OC in fine particles was higher than that in coarse particles. The content of EC in fine particles was much higher than that in coarse particles, and it accounted for 14.8% in the 0.382-0.613 µm particle size. Heavy metal elements such as Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb were mainly concentrated in the fine particles.