RESUMO
Many skin diseases are associated with mental disorders. When the psychological symptoms are mild, as is often the case in dermatology, it can be difficult to distinguish between normality and the manifestations of a mental disorder. To facilitate the distinction we review the concept of mental disorder in the present article. It is also important to have instruments that can facilitate early detection of psychological disease, i.e. when the symptoms are still mild. Short, simple, self-administered questionnaires have been developed to help dermatologists and other health professionals identify the presence of a mental disorder with a high degree of certainty. In this article, we focus on the questionnaires most often used to detect the 2 most common mental disorders: anxiety and depression. Finally, we describe the circumstances in which it is advisable to refer a dermatological patient to a psychiatrist, who can diagnose and treat the mental disorder in accordance with standard protocols.
Assuntos
Sintomas Afetivos/complicações , Sintomas Afetivos/diagnóstico , Transtornos Mentais/complicações , Transtornos Mentais/diagnóstico , Dermatopatias/complicações , Ansiedade/complicações , Depressão/complicações , Depressão/diagnóstico , Dermatologia/métodos , Autoavaliação Diagnóstica , Diagnóstico Precoce , Humanos , Testes PsicológicosRESUMO
Parkinson's disease (PD), multisystem atrophy (MSA), and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) present similarly with bradykinesia, tremor, rigidity, and cognitive impairments. Neuroimaging studies have found differential changes in the nigrostriatal pathway in these disorders, however whether the volume and shape of specific regions within this pathway can distinguish between atypical Parkinsonian disorders remains to be determined. This paper investigates striatal and thalamic volume and morphology as distinguishing biomarkers, and their relationship to neuropsychiatric symptoms. Automatic segmentation to calculate volume and shape analysis of the caudate nucleus, putamen, and thalamus were performed in 18 PD patients, 12 MSA, 15 PSP, and 20 healthy controls, then correlated with clinical measures. PSP bilateral thalami and right putamen were significantly smaller than controls, but not MSA or PD. The left caudate and putamen significantly correlated with the Neuropsychiatric Inventory total score. Bilateral thalamus, caudate, and left putamen had significantly different morphology between groups, driven by differences between PSP and healthy controls. This study demonstrated that PSP patient striatal and thalamic volume and shape are significantly different when compared with controls. Parkinsonian disorders could not be differentiated on volumetry or morphology, however there are trends for volumetric and morphological changes associated with PD, MSA, and PSP.
Assuntos
Atrofia de Múltiplos Sistemas , Doença de Parkinson , Transtornos Parkinsonianos , Paralisia Supranuclear Progressiva , Humanos , Doença de Parkinson/diagnóstico por imagem , Paralisia Supranuclear Progressiva/diagnóstico por imagem , Atrofia de Múltiplos Sistemas/diagnóstico por imagem , Transtornos Parkinsonianos/diagnóstico por imagem , Tálamo/diagnóstico por imagem , Tálamo/metabolismoRESUMO
We report a case of chromoblastomycosis in a 67-year-old female farmer, which involved a large (20 x 30 cm) cicatricial erythematous plaque on the inner side of her right thigh. The lesion was initially a small nodule which gradually extended over 36 years. Direct microscopic examination revealed a granulomatous lesion with muriform cells surrounded by giant cells. The mould recovered in cultures was dark olivaceous and identified as Fonsecaea monophora by ribosomal internal transcribe spacer (ITS) sequence data. The lesion was successfully cured after 4 months treatment with itraconazole, but there was a relapse.
Assuntos
Antifúngicos/uso terapêutico , Ascomicetos/efeitos dos fármacos , Cromoblastomicose/tratamento farmacológico , Itraconazol/uso terapêutico , Idoso , Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Ascomicetos/citologia , Ascomicetos/isolamento & purificação , Cromoblastomicose/diagnóstico , Cromoblastomicose/microbiologia , Doença Crônica , Feminino , Histocitoquímica , Humanos , Itraconazol/farmacologia , Coxa da Perna/microbiologia , Coxa da Perna/patologiaRESUMO
The consideration of Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) as a preclinical stage of AD remains still a matter of debate. Alpha band alterations represent one of the most significant changes in the electrophysiological profile of AD. In particular, AD patients exhibit reduced alpha relative power and frequency. We used alpha band activity measured with MEG to study whether SCD and MCI elders present these electrophysiological changes characteristic of AD, and to determine the evolution of the observed alterations across AD spectrum. The total sample consisted of 131 participants: 39 elders without SCD, 41 elders with SCD and 51 MCI patients. All of them underwent MEG and MRI scans and neuropsychological assessment. SCD and MCI patients exhibited a similar reduction in alpha band activity compared with the no SCD group. However, only MCI patients showed a slowing in their alpha peak frequency compared with both SCD and no SCD. These changes in alpha band were related to worse cognition. Our results suggest that AD-related alterations may start in the SCD stage, with a reduction in alpha relative power. It is later, in the MCI stage, where the slowing of the spectral profile takes place, giving rise to objective deficits in cognitive functioning.
Assuntos
Ritmo alfa/fisiologia , Doença de Alzheimer/fisiopatologia , Disfunção Cognitiva/fisiopatologia , Magnetoencefalografia , Idoso , Demografia , Feminino , Hipocampo/patologia , Hipocampo/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Modelos Lineares , Masculino , Testes Neuropsicológicos , Tamanho do ÓrgãoRESUMO
No disponible
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Idoso , Infecções por Coronavirus/complicações , Pneumonia Viral/complicações , Pandemias , Encefalopatias/diagnóstico por imagem , Encefalopatias/virologia , Trombose Intracraniana/diagnóstico por imagem , Trombose Intracraniana/virologia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Angiografia por Ressonância MagnéticaAssuntos
Encefalopatias/virologia , COVID-19/complicações , Idoso , Anticoagulantes/uso terapêutico , Encefalopatias/fisiopatologia , COVID-19/diagnóstico , COVID-19/fisiopatologia , Confusão/etiologia , Humanos , Hidroxicloroquina/uso terapêutico , Masculino , Pandemias , SARS-CoV-2/efeitos dos fármacos , Tratamento Farmacológico da COVID-19RESUMO
The reaction of 3-chloropropyl and 4-chlorobutyl phenyl ethers (1) with lithium powder and a catalytic amount of DTBB (5% molar) in THF at -78 degrees C followed by successive treatment with a carbonyl compound [R(1)R(2)CO = Bu(t)CHO, Me(2)CO, (CH(2))(5)CO, (-)-menthone] at -78 to 20 degrees C and, after 1.5 h at this temperature, with a second one [R(3)R(4)CO = Bu(t)CHO, PhCHO, Me(2)CO, MeCOPr(n), (CH(2))(5)CO, (-)-menthone] at -78 degrees C leads, after hydrolysis with water, to the corresponding 1,5- and 1, 6-diols (2). Because of the competition of two different reductive cleavages, 1,4- and 1,5-diols 3 were also obtained as side-reaction products.
RESUMO
The purpose of this study is to show the CT features of common and infrequent pathological lesions of the gastric wall. Although CT features are not often specific, familiarity with the most frequent pathological gastric findings on CT can assist in differential diagnosis.
Assuntos
Gastropatias/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Fotografação , Neoplasias Gástricas/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodosAssuntos
Espasmo Hemifacial/diagnóstico por imagem , Síndromes de Compressão Nervosa/diagnóstico , Adulto , Anticonvulsivantes/uso terapêutico , Colômbia/etnologia , Dibenzazepinas/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Gabapentina/uso terapêutico , Espasmo Hemifacial/tratamento farmacológico , Humanos , Contração Muscular , Espanha , Vertigem/etiologiaRESUMO
No disponible
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Espasmo Hemifacial/complicações , Espasmo Hemifacial/diagnóstico por imagem , Síndrome do Desfiladeiro Torácico/complicações , Discinesias/complicações , Nervo Vestibular/patologia , Doenças Vestibulares/complicações , Doenças Vestibulares/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
No disponible
Assuntos
Humanos , Pulvinar/fisiopatologia , Doença de Fabry/diagnóstico , Terapia de Reposição de Enzimas/métodos , alfa-Glucosidases/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
A hyperdense intraparenchymal lesion on a cerebral computed tomography (CT) usually corresponds to an acute hematoma; however, it is sometimes necessary to rule out a metastatic cause. Focal calcifications in the brain are common and are most often due to granulomas (tuberculosis, cysticercosis...), hamartomas, and primary brain tumors. Cerebral metastases are the most common intracranial neoplasm; however, their rate of calcification in classic series is only approximately 1%. We report the case of a completely calcified cerebral metastasis studied by CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that was interpreted as acute hemorrhage on the first CT examination.
Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/complicações , Adenocarcinoma/secundário , Encefalopatias/etiologia , Neoplasias Encefálicas/complicações , Neoplasias Encefálicas/secundário , Calcinose/etiologia , Lobo Frontal , Neoplasias do Colo Sigmoide/patologia , Idoso , Evolução Fatal , Feminino , HumanosRESUMO
A case of double outlet left ventricle with pulmonary atresia is reported. The hypoplasia of the left ventricule produced by the almost total absence of its trabecular zone has not been previously reported.
Assuntos
Ventrículos do Coração/anormalidades , Transposição dos Grandes Vasos/complicações , Hemodinâmica , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , MasculinoRESUMO
Una lesión hiperdensa intraparenquimatosa en una tomografía computarizada (TC) cerebral suele corresponder a un hematoma agudo, pero también en ocasiones debe descartarse la etiología metastásica.Las calcificaciones focales en el cerebro son frecuentes y su etiología más común son los granulomas (tuberculosis, cisticercosis, etc.), hamartomas y los tumores cerebrales primarios. Las metástasis cerebrales son la neoplasia intracraneal más frecuente, pero su tasa de calcificación, descrita en series clásicas, es de aproximadamente el 1%.Presentamos el caso de una metástasis cerebral totalmente calcificada en TC y resonancia magnética (RM) que se interpretó como hemorragiaaguda en la primera TC realizada a la paciente
A hyperdense intraparenchymal lesion on a cerebral computed tomography (CT) usually corresponds to an acute hematoma; however, it is sometimes necessary to rule out a metastatic cause.Focal calcifications in the brain are common and are most often due to granulomas (tuberculosis, cysticercosis...), hamartomas, and primary brain tumors. Cerebral metastases are the most common intracranial neoplasm; however, their rate of calcification in classic series is only approximately 1%.We report the case of a completely calcified cerebral metastasis studied by CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that was interpreted as acute hemorrhage on the first CT examination