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1.
Fam Process ; 62(4): 1640-1654, 2023 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36710481

RESUMO

Hundreds of thousands of undocumented Mexican immigrants were deported from the United States or returned to Mexico voluntarily in the past two decades, taking with them their US-born citizen children (USCC). A family's relocation-forced deportation or voluntary return-and the subsequent settlement and adjustment to Mexico affect everyone's well-being. We interviewed 18 USCC whose parents were forcibly deported and 18 whose parents returned voluntarily about their circumstances, experiences, and perceptions. Four categories of relocation and adjustment issues emerged. USCC with deported parents felt the sudden and harsh arrest, detention, deportation, and separation from parents, and family reunification after deportation. Those in the voluntary-return group told of concerns about the planned separation and relocation to Mexico. Both groups experienced issues of family reintegration and adjustment to a new environment. While relocation prompted similarities and differences in families' settlement, issues unique to families played a part in children's adjustment. Clinicians in both the United States and Mexico must take into consideration the nature of the relocation, families' distinctive reactions, and the individual child's experience as some USCC will remain in Mexico and others will return to the US Mexican clinicians will encounter USCC still settling and adjusting to Mexico, and USCC who decide to remain permanently in Mexico. US clinicians may encounter USCC facing the challenges of re-entering American society, joining educational institutions, and becoming part of the labor force. USCC forming families may feel the impact of their pasts in parenting dynamics.


Assuntos
Deportação , Pais , Criança , Humanos , Estados Unidos , México , Poder Familiar , Emoções
2.
Fam Process ; 61(2): 873-889, 2022 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34189734

RESUMO

Current U.S. immigration policies disproportionately impact Mexican-origin mixed-status families, yet few studies examine the consequences of immigration enforcement (e.g., immigration-related arrest and detention) and deportation on sibling dynamics. Given this gap, this study focuses on the experiences and changes within sibling relationships in the aftermath of parental detention and deportation. We analyzed a subsample of 20 citizen children interviews (7 sibling dyads; 2 sibling triads) from a multi-site binational study that examined the psychosocial functioning of U.S. citizen children with undocumented Mexican parents. Using inductive thematic analysis, we explored the roles and functional importance of sibling relationships before and after experiences of parents' detention and deportation. Our findings suggest that prior to detention or deportation experiences, sibling relationships were described as "normal." After these experiences, however, sibling relationships changed and developed protective adaptations, including more open communication about their experiences and the assumption of caregiving roles. In cases where deportation did not occur, there still existed the threat of future immigration-related action, which contributed to fear and an inability to share feelings and experiences among siblings. Our findings suggest that sibling relationships might serve as an important locus of stability and protection. Yet, adaptive communication may not emerge as long as the threat of apprehension, detention, and deportation exists.


Las políticas migratorias actuales de los Estados Unidos afectan de manera desproporcionada a las familias de condición migratoria mixta de origen mexicano, sin embargo, pocos estudios analizan las consecuencias de la aplicación de las leyes de inmigración (por ej.: el arresto y la detención relacionados con la inmigración) y la deportación en la dinámica fraternal. Teniendo en cuenta esta falta de datos, el presente estudio se centra en las experiencias y los cambios dentro de las relaciones fraternales después de la detención y la deportación de los padres. Analizamos una submuestra de 20 entrevistas a niños ciudadanos (7 díadas de hermanos; 2 tríadas de hermanos) de un estudio binacional realizado en varios sitios que analizó el funcionamiento psicosocial de niños ciudadanos de los Estados Unidos con padres mexicanos indocumentados. Utilizando el análisis temático inductivo, analizamos los roles y la importancia funcional de las relaciones fraternales antes y después de las experiencias de detención y deportación de los padres. Nuestros resultados indican que, antes de las experiencias de detención o deportación, las relaciones fraternales se describieron como "normales". Sin embargo, después de estas experiencias, las relaciones fraternales cambiaron y surgieron adaptaciones protectoras, por ejemplo, una comunicación más abierta acerca de sus experiencias y la asunción de roles de cuidado. En los casos donde no hubo deportación, igualmente existió la amenaza de una futura acción relacionada con la inmigración, la cual generó miedo e incapacidad de compartir sentimientos y experiencias entre hermanos. Nuestros resultados sugieren que las relaciones fraternales podrían servir como lugar importante de estabilidad y protección. Sin embargo, es posible que la comunicación adaptativa no surja mientras exista la amenaza de arresto, detención y deportación.


Assuntos
Pais , Irmãos , Criança , Emigração e Imigração , Humanos , México , Pais/psicologia , Relações entre Irmãos
3.
Fam Process ; 61(2): 890-905, 2022 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34105788

RESUMO

Among adolescents, Latinas are at an increased risk of experiencing suicidal ideation and attempts compared to non-Hispanic, White youth. Previous research indicates that family dynamics are influential as both protective and risk factors. Although significant research has been conducted over the past several decades examining the mother-daughter relationship, few studies have examined the father-daughter relationship among Latina adolescent suicide attempters. The relationship dynamics between fathers and daughters of Latina descent are both similar and unique compared to mother-daughter relationships. Given this, an in-depth analysis is warranted. To address this gap, the present study utilized dyadic thematic analysis to describe father-daughter relationships (N = 10 dyads, 20 individual interviews) and fathers' reactions to their Latina daughters' suicide attempt(s). Three themes emerged from the results (a) dynamic proximity, which describes the variation in emotional and physical closeness between fathers and daughters; (b) father as protector, which describes fathers' roles in protecting or failing to protect their daughters; (c) responses to the suicide attempt, which describes the various ways fathers responded to daughters' suicide attempts, ranging from helpful action to apathy. Themes gleaned from in-depth interviews informed a deeper understanding of these complex, multifaceted relationships, and how they may be linked to fathers' responses to daughters' suicide attempts. Implications for future research and clinical practice with youth at risk for suicidal ideations and behaviors, along with the impact of such experiences on families, are discussed.


Entre las adolescentes, las latinas corren un mayor riesgo de tener ideación e intentos suicidas en comparación con las jóvenes blancas no hispanas. Hay investigaciones previas que indican que la dinámica familiar influye tanto como factor protector como de riesgo. Aunque se ha investigado bastante durante las últimas décadas sobre la relación entre madre e hija, en pocos estudios se ha examinado la relación entre padre e hija en adolescentes latinas que han intentado suicidarse. La dinámica de la relación entre padres e hijas de ascendencia latina es tanto similar como única en comparación con la de la relación entre madres e hijas. En virtud de esto, es necesario un análisis profundo. Para subsanar esta carencia, en el presente estudio se utilizó el análisis temático diádico para describir las relaciones entre padres e hijas (N = 10 díadas, 20 entrevistas individuales) y las reacciones de los padres a los intentos de suicidio de sus hijas latinas. De los resultados surgieron tres temas: (a) la proximidad dinámica, que describe la variación en la cercanía emocional y física ente los padres y las hijas; (b) el padre como protector, que describe los roles de los padres a la hora de proteger o no proteger a sus hijas; (c) las respuestas al intento de suicidio, que describe las diversas maneras en las que los padres respondieron a los intentos de suicidio de las hijas, las cuales variaron desde medidas de ayuda hasta apatía. Los temas obtenidos de entrevistas detalladas informaron una mayor comprensión de estas relaciones complejas y multifacéticas, y de cómo pueden vincularse con las respuestas de los padres a los intentos de suicidio de las hijas. Se debaten las consecuencias para futuras investigaciones y para la práctica clínica con las jóvenes en riesgo de ideaciones y conductas suicidas, así como el efecto de dichas experiencias en las familias.


Assuntos
Núcleo Familiar , Tentativa de Suicídio , Adolescente , Pai/psicologia , Feminino , Hispânico ou Latino , Humanos , Masculino , Núcleo Familiar/psicologia , Ideação Suicida , Tentativa de Suicídio/psicologia
4.
Qual Health Res ; 29(12): 1766-1780, 2019 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30920942

RESUMO

Significant research questions persist regarding the short- and long-term outcomes of Latina adolescents who attempt suicide. To address these limitations, we utilize an ecodevelopmental framework to identify potential factors that shape differential outcomes following a suicide attempt. Through an exploratory, longitudinal, qualitative research design, we investigate two research questions: How do trajectories of well-being vary among Latina teens after a suicide attempt? What risk and protective factors might contribute to different trajectories? We conducted qualitative interviews with 17 Latina participants living in predominantly low-income households in New York City. Interviews took place within the 6 months following their suicide attempts, and again, 12 months later. Analysis revealed three distinct trajectories after a suicide attempt: resilience, tenuous growth, and chronic stress. Our findings elucidate potential factors that contribute to resilience following a suicide attempt and underscore the importance of prevention and intervention programs that foster adolescents' connectivity across ecodevelopmental contexts.


Assuntos
Hispânico ou Latino/psicologia , Tentativa de Suicídio/etnologia , Tentativa de Suicídio/psicologia , Adolescente , Doença Crônica , Feminino , Humanos , Entrevistas como Assunto , Estudos Longitudinais , Cidade de Nova Iorque/epidemiologia , Pobreza/etnologia , Pobreza/psicologia , Resiliência Psicológica , Fatores de Risco , Estresse Psicológico/etnologia
5.
Hisp J Behav Sci ; 39(4): 412-435, 2017 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30220782

RESUMO

Three groups of children from Mexico and Central America are vulnerable to effects of US immigration policies: 1) foreign-born children who entered the US with undocumented immigrant parents; 2) unaccompanied children who entered the US alone; and 3) U.S.-born citizen children of undocumented immigrant parents. Despite the recent demographic growth of these youth, scholarship on their strengths and challenges is under-theorized and isolated within specific disciplines. Hence, service providers, researchers, and policymakers have insufficient research to inform their efforts to support the children's wellbeing. A group of scholars and service-providers with expertise in immigrant children convened to establish consensus areas and identify gaps in knowledge of undocumented, unaccompanied, and citizen children of undocumented immigrant parents. The primary goal was to establish a research agenda that increases interdisciplinary collaborations, informs clinical practice, and influences policies. This report summarizes key issues and recommendations that emerged from the meeting.

6.
Cultur Divers Ethnic Minor Psychol ; 22(3): 395-407, 2016 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26322902

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: This study explored the relation between perceived discrimination and sexual precursor behaviors among 205 Mexican American preadolescent middle school girls. In addition, this study examined whether psychological distress and sexual attitudes mediated and whether marianismo beliefs moderated this relation. METHOD: A categorical confirmatory factor analysis (CCFA) of the Marianismo Beliefs Scale (MBS) was conducted to test the factor structure with a preadolescent Mexican American population (ages 11-14). A path analysis of analytic models was then performed to examine the hypothesized relations between perceived discrimination, psychological distress, sexual attitudes, marianismo beliefs, and sexual precursor behaviors. RESULTS: Results of the CCFA did not support the original 5-factor structure of the MBS for preadolescent Latina girls. However, a revised version of the MBS indicated an acceptable model fit, and findings from the path analysis indicated that perceived discrimination was both directly and indirectly linked to sexual precursor behaviors via psychological distress. Marianismo was not found to moderate the relation between perceived discrimination and sexual risk behaviors, however certain marianismo pillars were significantly negatively linked with sexual attitudes and precursor behaviors. CONCLUSIONS: This study underscores the importance of psychological distress in the perceived discrimination and sexual precursor link as well as the compensatory aspects of marianismo against sexual precursor behaviors in Mexican American preadolescent girls. (PsycINFO Database Record


Assuntos
Depressão/psicologia , Discriminação Psicológica/fisiologia , Percepção/fisiologia , Comportamento Sexual/psicologia , Estresse Psicológico/psicologia , Adolescente , Atitude , Criança , Cultura , Feminino , Humanos , Americanos Mexicanos/psicologia , Estados Unidos/etnologia
7.
Qual Health Res ; 25(5): 689-99, 2015 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25288407

RESUMO

In this article, we explore the relationships among culture, family, and attempted suicide by U.S. Latinas. We analyzed qualitative interviews conducted with Latina teen suicide attempters (n = 10) and their parents. We also incorporated data collected from adolescents with no reported history of self-harm (n = 10) and their parents to examine why some individuals turned to suicide under similar experiences of cultural conflict. Our results reveal that Latina teens who attempted suicide lacked the resources to forge meaningful social ties. Without the tools to bridge experiences of cultural contradiction, the girls in our study described feeling isolated and alone. Under such conditions, adolescents turned to behaviors aimed at self-destruction. Unlike their peers who attempted suicide, adolescent Latinas with no lifetime history of attempted suicide were able to mobilize resources in ways that balanced experiences of acculturative tension by creating supportive relationships with other individuals.


Assuntos
Comportamento do Adolescente/etnologia , Comportamento do Adolescente/psicologia , Hispânico ou Latino/psicologia , Isolamento Social/psicologia , Tentativa de Suicídio/etnologia , Tentativa de Suicídio/psicologia , Adolescente , Violência Doméstica/psicologia , Família , Feminino , Humanos , Relações Interpessoais , Entrevistas como Assunto , Masculino , Relações Pais-Filho , Pais , Fatores de Risco , Estresse Psicológico , Estados Unidos
8.
Am J Orthopsychiatry ; 94(5): 508-517, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38546563

RESUMO

When undocumented immigrant parents are deported from the United States, they must decide whether or not to take their U.S.-born and undocumented immigrant children with them, often to countries the children have never visited or know little about. Other parents do not wait to be deported by the government and decide to relocate to their home countries with or without their children. Both sets of families experience relocation but under different circumstances. These differences deserve exploration to understand the psychological and emotional effects on children's well-being. In this cross-sectional study, we explored differences in self-concept, internalizing and externalizing behaviors, as well as the perception of the home, school, and neighborhood contexts of 178 U.S. citizen children (USCC) whose parents returned to Mexico forcibly and voluntarily. Through snowball sampling, we recruited the sample from two bordering Mexican states, Michoacán and the State of Mexico. Significant estimated marginal mean differences in internalizing and externalizing behavior problems, unhappiness, as well as parent-child conflict and support were found between USCC who relocated due to a parental deportation and those USCC whose parents relocated to Mexico voluntarily. Implications for clinicians in Mexico and the United States include recognizing the reasons, timing, decisions, events, and contexts of relocation. Findings can help inform immigration policies, practices, and future research. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).


Assuntos
Relações Pais-Filho , Humanos , Feminino , México/etnologia , Masculino , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Estados Unidos , Relações Pais-Filho/etnologia , Adolescente , Pais/psicologia , Emigrantes e Imigrantes/psicologia , Imigrantes Indocumentados/psicologia , Desenvolvimento Infantil , Emigração e Imigração , Autoimagem , Adulto , Comportamento Infantil/psicologia
9.
Hisp J Behav Sci ; 35(3): 390-406, 2013 Aug 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24013464

RESUMO

Parents' aspirations and expectations are communicated to their offspring. Children internalize their parents' aspirations and accept some of the expectations while rejecting others, all part of the developmental process and identity-consolidation. When the aspirations and expectations of youth and parents are incongruent, the outcomes in youths' behavior can be deleterious, such as when adolescents manifest suicidal behaviors. We examined aspirations expressed by 12 Latina adolescent suicide attempters and their parents and compared them to 12 non-suicidal Latinas and parents. Qualitative analyses revealed that incongruence of aspirations between girls and their parents were greater among suicidal teens. Suicidal and non-suicidal Latinas presented contrasting aspirations: the former on gaining independence and the latter on completing their education and pursuing careers. Findings may inform developmental research and ways in which clinicians and policymakers can help Latinas achieve their own and their parents' aspirations.

10.
Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol ; 51(12): 1871-1882, 2023 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36626084

RESUMO

The present article proposes an extension of the concept of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) to apply to crisis migration - where youth and families are fleeing armed conflicts, natural disasters, community violence, government repression, and other large-scale emergencies. We propose that adverse events occurring prior to, during, and following migration can be classified as crisis-migration-related ACEs, and that the developmental logic underlying ACEs can be extended to the new class of crisis-migration-related ACEs. Specifically, greater numbers, severity, and chronicity of crisis-migration-related ACEs would be expected to predict greater impairments in mental and physical health, poorer interpersonal relationships, and less job stability later on. We propose a research agenda centered around definitional clarity, rigorous measurement development, prospective longitudinal studies to establish predictive validity, and collaborations among researchers, practitioners, and policymakers.


Assuntos
Experiências Adversas da Infância , Migrantes , Humanos , Adolescente , Criança , Estudos Prospectivos , Acontecimentos que Mudam a Vida , Violência
11.
Am J Public Health ; 102(4): 664-71, 2012 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22397348

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: We examined how US cultural involvement related to suicide attempts among youths in the Dominican Republic. METHODS: We analyzed data from a nationally representative sample of youths attending high school in the Dominican Republic (n = 8446). The outcome of interest was a suicide attempt during the past year. The US cultural involvement indicators included time spent living in the United States, number of friends who had lived in the United States, English proficiency, and use of US electronic media and language. RESULTS: Time lived in the United States, US electronic media and language, and number of friends who had lived in the United States had robust positive relationships with suicide attempts among youths residing in the Dominican Republic. CONCLUSIONS: Our results are consistent with previous research that found increased risk for suicide or suicide attempts among Latino youths with greater US cultural involvement. Our study adds to this research by finding similar results in a nonimmigrant Latin American sample. Our results also indicate that suicide attempts are a major public health problem among youths in the Dominican Republic.


Assuntos
Aculturação , Comportamento do Adolescente/etnologia , Ideação Suicida , Tentativa de Suicídio/estatística & dados numéricos , Adolescente , Comparação Transcultural , República Dominicana/epidemiologia , Feminino , Amigos , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Humanos , Idioma , Masculino , Instituições Acadêmicas , Televisão , Estados Unidos
12.
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol ; 47(1): 29-42, 2012 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21153018

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To identify subtypes of adolescent suicide attempters by examining risk profiles related to substance use, violent behavior, and depressive symptoms. To examine the relationship between these subtypes and having had two or more suicide attempts during the past year. To explore race and gender differences across subtypes of suicide attempters. METHODS: Data were combined from five nationally representative cohorts of the US Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) and focused on a subpopulation of youth who reported a suicide attempt requiring medical attention. Latent class analysis was used to identify subtypes of suicide attempters. RESULTS: Analysis yielded three classes of youth who attempted suicide, distinguishable by their levels of substance use and violent behaviors: low substance use and violent behaviors, high substance use and violent behaviors, and extreme substance use and violent behaviors. All three classes had a high propensity for endorsing depressive symptoms. The proportion of youth with two or more suicide attempts during the past year increased across subgroup of attempters with higher levels of substance use and violent behaviors. Racial and gender differences were found across subtypes of suicide attempters. CONCLUSIONS: Preventing and treating the co-occurrence of substance use and violent behaviors may serve as essential strategies for reducing suicide attempts, especially among male youth. The use of public health strategies for suicide prevention should take into account the different needs of youth at risk for suicide.


Assuntos
Prevenção do Suicídio , Tentativa de Suicídio/prevenção & controle , Adolescente , Negro ou Afro-Americano , Comorbidade , Depressão/epidemiologia , Feminino , Hispânico ou Latino , Humanos , Masculino , Assunção de Riscos , Fatores Sexuais , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/epidemiologia , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/psicologia , Suicídio/etnologia , Suicídio/psicologia , Tentativa de Suicídio/etnologia , Tentativa de Suicídio/psicologia , Violência/etnologia , Violência/psicologia , População Branca
13.
Prof Psychol Res Pr ; 43(3): 241-248, 2012 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27147812

RESUMO

This article describes the means, intent, lethality, behavioral profile, and psychiatric diagnosis of adolescent Latina suicide attempters. From a large mixed-methods project studying the sociocultural processes of Latina suicide attempts, we selected 76 subjects for this report. In addition to quantitative research data, medical records were available for all 76 subjects and qualitative data from in-depth interviews for 34 of them. Using the qualitative and quantitative research data, we explored the intent and behavioral profile of the suicidal adolescents. Medical records provided additional information about the means the adolescents used in their attempts and about their psychiatric diagnosis. The lethality of suicide attempts was coded using the LSARS and the LSARS-II. Findings showed that Latina adolescent suicide attempts are of low lethality. Consistent with the literature, most adolescents reported that they attempted by using means available in their homes (cutting and overdosing with medications were the predominant methods). Interesting discrepancies emerged when comparing adolescents' self-reported behavioral profiles with clinicians' psychiatric diagnoses. This report has implications for diagnosis and treatment approaches for both inpatient and outpatient service providers.

14.
Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev ; 25(1): 131-149, 2022 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35244814

RESUMO

The paper describes an approach to developing a data-driven development of a feedback theory of cognitive vulnerabilities and family support focused on understanding the dynamics experienced among Latina children, adolescents, and families. Family support is understood to be a response to avoidant and maladaptive behaviors that may be characteristic of cognitive vulnerabilities commonly associated depression and suicidal ideation. A formal feedback theory is developed, appraised, and analyzed using a combination of secondary analysis of qualitative interviews (N = 30) and quantitative analysis using system dynamics modeling and simulation. Implications for prevention practice, treatment, and future research are discussed.


Assuntos
Hispânico ou Latino , Ideação Suicida , Adolescente , Criança , Cognição , Depressão/psicologia , Humanos , Fatores de Risco
15.
Fam Soc ; 92(3): 317-323, 2011.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27330263

RESUMO

Using qualitative data collected from adolescent Latinas and their parents, this article describes ways in which family relationships are organized within low-income Latino families (n = 24) with and without a daughter who attempted suicide. Based on a family-level analysis approach, we present a framework that categorizes relationships as reciprocal, asymmetrical, or detached. Clear differences are identified: Families of non-attempters primarily cluster in reciprocal families, whereas families with an adolescent suicide attempter exhibit characteristics of asymmetrical or detached families. Our results highlight the need for detailed clinical attention to family communication patterns, especially in Latino families. Clinicians may reduce the likelihood of an attempt or repeated attempts by raising mutual, reciprocal exchanges of words and support between parents and daughter.

16.
Int J Ment Health ; 40(3): 29-40, 2011.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25673899

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Latin American-trained IMGs in psychiatry face multiple challenges that go beyond their medical training. These challenges call for innovative problem-solving. Although the professional development of IMGs has been discussed in the professional literature, little is written about their experiences. In this case study report, a group of IMGs reflect on their experiences and describe how they solved challenges. METHOD: Using cogenerative ethnography, four IMGs trained in Colombia, Dominican Republic and Mexico provided insights on their challenges and solutions while adapting to psychiatric residency training. Individual interviews, focused discussion, focus groups, and written reports were analyzed using data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing techniques. RESULTS: We illustrate the challenges of IMG training in psychiatry using their reflections and stories. We categorized these challenges into three domains: immigration and acculturation; social adjustment; and medical training. Quotes were selected to illustrate IMGs' challenges and coping strategies. CONCLUSION: Some of the combined cultural, social and academic challenges of Latin American-trained IMGs in psychiatry are described. Recognizing and planning for the personal challenges of IMGs in psychiatry can enhance the transition into psychiatric training. Ultimately, improvements in IMG training converts into improved healthcare for all patients.

17.
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev ; 41(4): 425-40, 2010 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20309625

RESUMO

Adolescent Latinas continue to report higher levels of suicide attempts than their African-American and White peers. The phenomenon is still not understood and is theorized to be the result of the confluence of many cultural, familial, and individual level factors. In Latino cultures, belief in the importance of the family, the value known as familism, appears to protect youth's emotional and behavioral health, but parent-adolescent conflict has been found to be a risk factor for suicide attempts. The role of familism in relation to parent-adolescent conflict, self-esteem, internalizing behaviors, and suicide attempts has not been studied extensively. To address this question, we interviewed 226 adolescent Latinas, 50% of whom had histories of suicide attempts. Using path analysis, familism as a cultural asset was associated with lower levels of parent-adolescent conflict, but higher levels of internalizing behaviors, while self-esteem and internalizing behaviors mediated the relationship between parent-adolescent conflict and suicide attempts. Our findings point to the importance of family involvement in culturally competent suicide prevention and intervention programs. Reducing parent-daughter conflict and fostering closer family ties has the added effect of improving self-esteem and shrinking the likelihood of suicide attempts.


Assuntos
Comportamento do Adolescente/etnologia , Conflito Psicológico , Hispânico ou Latino/etnologia , Controle Interno-Externo , Relações Pais-Filho/etnologia , Autoimagem , Tentativa de Suicídio/etnologia , Adolescente , Comportamento do Adolescente/psicologia , Estudos Transversais , Família/etnologia , Família/psicologia , Feminino , Hispânico ou Latino/psicologia , Humanos , Masculino , Cidade de Nova Iorque/epidemiologia , Tentativa de Suicídio/psicologia , Inquéritos e Questionários
18.
Community Ment Health J ; 45(2): 97-105, 2009 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18648933

RESUMO

With increased US Hispanic diversity come diagnostic challenges associated with culture, language, and expression of mental disorders. In a community-based clinic, we compared diagnostic agreement between Hispanic and non-Hispanic clinicians, and a structured diagnostic instrument, in live and videotaped interviews with Hispanic adults. Percentage agreement and kappas show low diagnostic reliability between clinicians, and between clinicians and instrument. Significant differences appeared in rates of various diagnoses. Non-Hispanic clinicians rated patients' functional capacity and symptom-severity as significantly worse than Hispanic clinicians. Findings match past research with Hispanic patients and raise questions about diagnostic reliability in multi-cultural community mental health practice.


Assuntos
Serviços Comunitários de Saúde Mental , Hispânico ou Latino/psicologia , Transtornos Mentais/diagnóstico , Transtornos Mentais/etnologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Entrevista Psicológica , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pacientes Ambulatoriais , Estados Unidos , População Urbana , Adulto Jovem
19.
Youth Soc ; 40(4): 591-602, 2009 Jan 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19759836

RESUMO

Recruiting samples with unique characteristics dispersed across services and geography is hard to identify because of legal status and stigma create research challenges. Public health, however, requires sustained recruitment efforts. We describe challenges and solutions in recruiting urban adolescent Latinas who had attempted suicide. Procedures for recruitment and human subject protections were established, yet logistic obstacles emerged. Program directors failed to support the research; therapists were slow to identify subjects and to meet inclusionary criteria; numbers of prospective participants were lower than originally calculated; girls and parents were hard to reach; and interview appointments were missed. From challenges came solutions: to use fewer agencies, do better participant surveillance, monitor staff participation, and build rapport and relationships with staff. In-service research training to develop agency research infrastructure generated support among providers and administrators. Our experience may be helpful to other researchers conducting studies with similar populations.

20.
J Prim Prev ; 30(3-4): 351-69, 2009 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19399622

RESUMO

We examined the role of acculturation, familism and Latina mother-daughter relations in suicide attempts by comparing 65 adolescents with recent suicide attempts and their mothers to 75 teens without any attempts and their mothers. Attempters and non-attempters were similar in acculturation and familistic attitudes but attempters report significantly less mutuality and communication with their mothers than non-attempters. Mothers of attempters reported lower mutuality and communication with their daughters than mothers of non-attempters. Small increments in mutuality decreased the probability of a suicide attempt by 57%. Acculturation and familism do not appear to play major roles in suicide attempts but relational factors may. Instituting school-based psychoeducational groups for young Latinas, particularly in middle school, and their parents, separately and jointly, and focusing on raising effective communication and mutuality between parents and adolescent daughters are important primary prevention strategies.


Assuntos
Aculturação , Hispânico ou Latino/psicologia , Relações Mãe-Filho/etnologia , Núcleo Familiar/psicologia , Tentativa de Suicídio/etnologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Cidade de Nova Iorque , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto Jovem
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