RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Susceptibility to and severity of periodontal disease is influenced by gene polymorphisms related to the immune response. Co-stimulatory molecules, such as CD28 and CTLA-4, are critical in the development of such responses. Our hypothesis is that polymorphisms in genes that code for these molecules may be associated with periodontitis. The aim of the study was to investigate the association between +17 (T/C) CD28 and +49 (A/G) CTLA-4 gene polymorphisms and periodontitis in Brazilians. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Genomic DNA was obtained from oral swabs of 424 individuals categorized into three groups (control group, aggressive, and chronic periodontitis) considering clinical parameters such as probing depth and clinical attachment loss. The genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. RESULTS: There was an association between the T(-) genotype of the CD28 polymorphism and aggressive periodontitis (P = 0.04). Moreover, the A(+) genotype for CTLA-4 was associated with greater clinical attachment loss in non-smokers with aggressive periodontitis (P = 0.006, OR = 16.25, CI = 2.25-117.11). CONCLUSIONS: These findings show that T(-) in CD28 + 17 (T/C) and the A(+) in CTLA-4 +49 (A/G) genotypes are associated with susceptibility to aggressive periodontal disease. Thus, our study highlights these polymorphisms as potential genetic susceptibility markers of periodontitis in Brazilians.
Assuntos
Periodontite Agressiva/genética , Antígenos CD28/genética , Antígeno CTLA-4/genética , Polimorfismo Genético/genética , Adenina , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Periodontite Agressiva/imunologia , Brasil , Periodontite Crônica/genética , Periodontite Crônica/imunologia , Citosina , DNA/análise , Feminino , Frequência do Gene/genética , Marcadores Genéticos/genética , Predisposição Genética para Doença/genética , Genótipo , Guanina , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Perda da Inserção Periodontal/genética , Perda da Inserção Periodontal/imunologia , Bolsa Periodontal/genética , Bolsa Periodontal/imunologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Polimorfismo de Fragmento de Restrição/genética , Fumar , Timina , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Th2 type lymphocytes are characterized by high expression of CD30 glycoprotein. Increased serum levels of CD30 and Th2 IL-4 producing T-cells are found during AIDS progression. Since HIV-positive patients are more susceptible to periodontal disease, quantitative analysis of positive cells for the CD30 receptor in chronic gingivitis of both HIV-infected and non-infected patients (NSG) would help to clarify the immunoregulation of HIV-associated periodontal diseases. The purpose of this study was to evaluate CD30+ lymphocytes in gingival biopsies from sites exhibiting chronic gingivitis on HIV-positive patients (CG-HIV) and NSG. A biotin-streptavidin amplified system was used for identification of the CD30 receptor. The results demonstrated increased proportions of Th2 cells in CG-HIV as compared to NSG. Additional studies are necessary to understand the importance of these cells to the biological activity or inactivity of the disease.
Assuntos
Gengivite/imunologia , Soropositividade para HIV/imunologia , Antígeno Ki-1/análise , Células Th1/imunologia , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/imunologia , Adulto , Biópsia , Biotina , Ligante CD30 , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Doença Crônica , Progressão da Doença , Suscetibilidade a Doenças , Feminino , Soronegatividade para HIV/imunologia , Humanos , Indicadores e Reagentes , Interleucina-4/sangue , Antígeno Ki-1/sangue , Ligantes , Contagem de Linfócitos , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/análise , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Projetos Piloto , Receptores de Antígenos de Linfócitos T/análise , Estreptavidina , Linfócitos T/imunologiaRESUMO
The present investigation was carried out to evaluate one index for checking needs for periodontal treatment in the population providing a wider evidence of the lesion since existing methods are not suitable or satisfactory and data are not available. 312 workmen aging 20 to 49 years were submitted to examination. It was concluded that the index studied was successful to detect with clearness the prevalence as well as severity degree and an evaluation of periodontal treatment needs.
Assuntos
Necessidades e Demandas de Serviços de Saúde , Doenças Periodontais/epidemiologia , Adulto , Brasil/epidemiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Índice PeriodontalRESUMO
Gastric volvulus (GV) is a rare surgical emergency in infancy and childhood. The first case of a child with an acute GV secondary to a Morgagni hernia (MH) is reported. The authors briefly discuss the etiology, clinical features, and management of acute GV and review the scattered reports of strangulated MHs in children.
Assuntos
Hérnia Diafragmática/complicações , Volvo Gástrico/etiologia , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Hérnia Diafragmática/cirurgia , Hérnias Diafragmáticas Congênitas , Humanos , Lactente , Laparotomia , MasculinoRESUMO
Severe forms of periodontal disease are frequent in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Linear gingival erythema (LGE) is a progressive disease described in HIV-positive patients and is considered to be an early stage of necrotizing periodontitis. Although clinical and microbiological differences are reported in LGE and non-specific gingivitis (NSG), a comparative immunopathological approach of both has not been performed yet. The purpose of this study was to compare relative populations of T-lymphocytes, B-lymphocytes, neutrophils, macrophages and IgG bearing plasma cells in gingival biopsies from sites exhibiting LGE and from sites exhibiting NSG. A biotin-streptavidin amplified system was used for identification of the following antigens: CD3 (T-lymphocytes), CD20 (B-lymphocytes), elastase (neutrophils), CD68 (macrophages) and IgG (plasma cell's secretors of IgG). The results have demonstrated decrease proportions of T-lymphocytes, macrophages and high percentage of neutrophils and IgG bearing plasma cells in LGE. In contrast with NSG, many neutrophils cells in LGE were found inside oral gingival epithelium. Our results highlight the idea that progressive periodontal disease is not only characterized by increased tissue inflammation, but, in addition, by significant changes in the proportion of specific inflammatory cells. The high number of neutrophils along the gingival epithelium is probably associated with the severe gingival necrosis reported in AIDS patients.
Assuntos
Eritema/etiologia , Doenças da Gengiva/etiologia , Doenças da Gengiva/imunologia , Infecções por HIV/complicações , Adulto , Animais , Anticorpos Monoclonais , Antígenos CD , Antígenos CD20 , Antígenos de Diferenciação Mielomonocítica , Linfócitos B/imunologia , Complexo CD3 , Eritema/enzimologia , Eritema/imunologia , Feminino , Doenças da Gengiva/enzimologia , Gengivite/etiologia , Gengivite/imunologia , Gengivite Ulcerativa Necrosante/enzimologia , Gengivite Ulcerativa Necrosante/etiologia , Gengivite Ulcerativa Necrosante/imunologia , Humanos , Técnicas Imunoenzimáticas , Imunoglobulina G , Contagem de Leucócitos , Elastase de Leucócito , Macrófagos/imunologia , Masculino , Camundongos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neutrófilos/enzimologia , Neutrófilos/imunologia , Elastase Pancreática/análise , Plasmócitos/imunologia , Linfócitos T/imunologiaRESUMO
Alterations of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) functions have been reported in patients with severe forms of some periodontal disease. In this study we evaluated the chemoluminescence generation and MTT dye reduction by human PMN in patients with juvenile periodontitis (JP), rapidly progressive periodontitis (RPP) and adult periodontitis (AP) during protein kinase C (PKC) activation or during the phagocytosis of opsonized zymosan. The results demonstrated that only PMNs of JP patients showed a decreased chemoluminescence generation and MTT dye reduction during the phagocytosis of opsonized zymosan (p < 0.05). The time to reach the maximal peak during the PKC activation on the chemoluminescence reaction was evaluated and JP PMNs patients demonstrated a depressed value (7.0 +/- 0.4 min) compared with healthy volunteers (13.8 +/- 0.5 min). The etiology and importance of such cellular alterations in the immunopathogenesis of the periodontal disease are discussed.