RESUMO
PURPOSE: The bifid mandibular canal is an anatomical variation, which causes anesthetic failure and surgical accidents occasionally. The purpose of this study is to observe the prevalence and anatomical location of bifid mandibular canals, providing clinical value in reducing the occurrence of surgical accidents and postoperative complications. METHODS: A total of 321 outpatients were selected in this study. Their CBCT images were observed, and the prevalence of bifid mandibular canals as well as the composition ratios of each branch type was evaluated according to the classification of Naitoh. The bifid mandibular canals and their branches' diameter, length, horizontal distance to the buccal/lingual wall of the mandible, and vertical distance to the mandibular alveolar ridge were measured. Furthermore, 194 dry adult mandibles from the Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology of Tianjin Medical University were observed to evaluate the prevalence and the average diameter of retromolar foramina. RESULTS: Of all the 321 patients, 84 (26.17%) cases of bifid mandibular canals and 105 (16.36%) sides of unilateral bifurcation were observed. Based on Naitoh's classification, the retromolar canals were the most common types (46.67%), followed by the forward canals (40.00%), the dental canals (10.48%) and the buccolingual canals (2.86%). In 194 dry adult mandibles, 23 cases (11.86%) and 29 sides (7.47%) of retromolar foramina were found and the average diameter of retromolar foramina was 0.94 ± 0.30 mm. CONCLUSION: More than a quarter of the population has the bifid mandibular canal, which is a potential factor of the onset of surgery accidents. CBCT is an effective method to identify the branches of mandibular canals. Preoperative CBCT examination can help reduce various postoperative complications.
Assuntos
Variação Anatômica , Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico , Mandíbula/anormalidades , Anormalidades Maxilofaciais/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Cadáver , Criança , Estudos de Viabilidade , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Mandíbula/diagnóstico por imagem , Anormalidades Maxilofaciais/diagnóstico , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Adulto JovemRESUMO
PURPOSE: Incisive suture is a suture classically described on the oral face of the palate in fetuses and young children. The aim of our study was to describe the evolution of the incisive suture in human fetuses and to evaluate the incidence of this suture in a population of young children under 4 years, to determine if there is a possibility of improving the anterior growth of the maxilla, by stimulation of this suture. METHODS: One hundred and thirty CT scan images of patients aged from birth to 48 months have been studied and nine fetal palates aged from 18 to 26 weeks of development, have been scanned using high-resolution X-ray micro-computed tomography RESULTS: The CT scan images of patients showed that an incisive suture was present in 33/130 cases (25,4%). All the patients with a suture were under 2 years old. The fetal palate study showed that the suture was present in the inferior aspect of the palate (oral cavity) in all cases. The incisive suture increased from 18 to 24 weeks. At 26 weeks it stopped growing although the intercanine length increased. Considering the closure of the suture in a vertical plane, our study on fetuses has shown that the incisive suture is closing from its superior side (nasal side) to its inferior side. CONCLUSIONS: Considering all these results it appears to us that the incisive suture is partially ossified after birth, it cannot be stimulated by orthodontic appliances.
Assuntos
Suturas Cranianas/anormalidades , Desenvolvimento Fetal , Maxila/anormalidades , Anormalidades Maxilofaciais/epidemiologia , Palato Duro/anormalidades , Pré-Escolar , Suturas Cranianas/diagnóstico por imagem , Suturas Cranianas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Feminino , Feto/diagnóstico por imagem , Idade Gestacional , Humanos , Incidência , Lactente , Masculino , Maxila/diagnóstico por imagem , Maxila/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Anormalidades Maxilofaciais/diagnóstico , Técnica de Expansão Palatina , Palato Duro/diagnóstico por imagem , Palato Duro/crescimento & desenvolvimentoRESUMO
The aim of this study was to analyze the efficacy of using rhBMP-2 (recombinant human morphogenetic protein-2) in the treatment of patients with cleft lip and palate defects (CLPD). Seven databases were screened: PubMed (Medline), Lilacs, Ibecs, Web of Science, BBO, Scopus, and The Cochrane Library. Clinical trials that evaluated the use of bioactive treatment with rhBMP-2 in the treatment of patients with CLPD were included. Statistical analyses were performed by comparing the standardized mean difference of bone formation volume and bone filling percentage (p = 0.05). Ten studies compared the use of rhBMP-2 and iliac crest bone graft (ICBG). The global analysis for bone formation volume and bone filling percentage showed that bioactive materials were similar to ICBG with a standardized mean difference of respectively 0.07 (95% CI - 0.41 to 0.56) and 0.24 (95% CI - 0.32 to 0.80). The available literature suggested that use of rhBMP-2 presented similar bone formation results to those of ICBG in secondary alveolar bone grafting for patients with CLPD.
Assuntos
Proteína Morfogenética Óssea 2/uso terapêutico , Fenda Labial/tratamento farmacológico , Fissura Palatina/tratamento farmacológico , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/uso terapêutico , Transplante Ósseo/métodos , Fenda Labial/epidemiologia , Fissura Palatina/epidemiologia , Humanos , Anormalidades Maxilofaciais/tratamento farmacológico , Anormalidades Maxilofaciais/epidemiologia , Palato/efeitos dos fármacos , Palato/embriologia , Palato/fisiologia , Proteínas Recombinantes/uso terapêutico , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Epidemiology of dentoalveolar anomalies is undoubtedly important, but in terms of the organization of orthodontic care, greater interest are data on the needs in this type of treatment. In a situation of limited manpower and resources for the provision of orthodontic care information about needs in orthodontic treatment allows you to define a group of patients with the primary need for orthodontic treatment, and to identify priorities to optimize the organization of orthodontic care in the region. Such data can be obtained by using the Dental Aesthetics Index (DAI) and Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN). The aim of the study was to analyze the epidemiology of various forms of dentoalveolar anomalies school-age children of Kirishi district of Leningrad region, as well as their needs in orthodontic treatment in accordance with objective evaluation indices. The study involved 734 pupils of Kirishi lyceum â1 of Leningrad region. Analysis of the prevalence of dentoalveolar anomalies, as well as needs in the orthodontic treatment was conducted in three age groups: I mixed dentition period (6-9 years), II mixed dentition period (10-13 years), and permanent dentition (14-17). To determine the needs in the orthodontic treatment were used two most common international index (DAI and IOTN). In Kirishi district of Leningrad region dentoalveolar anomalies were found in 88.8% of children of school age, which is in accordance with the indices and IOTN DAI needs in orthodontic treatment is 38.8% and 54.5%, respectively. In order to reduce unnecessarily high load volume medical institutions orthodontic profile, optimize utilization of financial resources, as well as reducing social tension it is recommended to introduce the practice of doctors-orthodontists methodology for determining the needs in orthodontic treatment by objective indices.
Assuntos
Assistência Odontológica para Crianças/organização & administração , Anormalidades Maxilofaciais/epidemiologia , Anormalidades Maxilofaciais/terapia , Avaliação das Necessidades , Ortodontia Corretiva/organização & administração , Anormalidades Dentárias/epidemiologia , Anormalidades Dentárias/terapia , Adolescente , Criança , Estética Dentária , Feminino , Humanos , Índice de Necessidade de Tratamento Ortodôntico , Masculino , Federação Russa/epidemiologiaAssuntos
COVID-19/epidemiologia , Anormalidades Maxilofaciais/cirurgia , Prótese Maxilofacial/normas , Pandemias , Guias de Prática Clínica como Assunto , Cuidados Pré-Operatórios/normas , SARS-CoV-2 , Comorbidade , Humanos , Anormalidades Maxilofaciais/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Interface Usuário-ComputadorRESUMO
UNLABELLED: Patients with chondrodysplasia punctata (CDP) usually present with Binder-type features, and often CDP is misdiagnosed as Binder syndrome. This study reviewed the management and outcome of patients with Binder syndrome and CDP in a multidisciplinary setting. METHODS: The notes and radiographs of the patients managed at the Australian Craniofacial Unit with a multidisciplinary setting since 1976 were reviewed, and data were collected on patient demographics, associated medical and surgical problems, subsequent management, and complications. RESULTS: Seventy-seven patients were treated over the 30-year period (5 patients were lost to follow-up); of the remaining 72 patients, 60 (83%) had Binder syndrome, and 12 (17%) were patients with CDP. Forty were males, and 32 were females, with an age range of 6 months to 47 years. Thirteen patients (18%) had a strong family history, and 65 patients (90%) have so far undergone surgical correction, and of those, 35 (54%) have completed their treatment, the longest follow-up time being 18 years. The mean number of surgical procedures was 2.4, and 18 patients (28%) had postoperative complications, which included partial necrosis of the maxilla, osteomyelitis of the mandible, facial nerve and inferior alveolar nerve neuropraxia, nasal bone graft exposure, and cellulitis. DISCUSSION: Because of the phenotypic characteristics shared by both Binder syndrome and CDP, it is most likely that Binder syndrome is not a syndrome, nor is it an entity, but most likely to be an "association." We would advocate that these patients should be managed in a multidisciplinary setting.
Assuntos
Anormalidades Maxilofaciais/cirurgia , Adolescente , Adulto , Austrália/epidemiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Condrodisplasia Punctata/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Maxila/anormalidades , Maxila/cirurgia , Anormalidades Maxilofaciais/diagnóstico , Anormalidades Maxilofaciais/epidemiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Nariz/anormalidades , Nariz/cirurgia , Fenótipo , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Agenesis of the paranasal sinuses is an uncommon clinical condition that appears mainly in the frontal (12%) and maxillary (5-6%) sinuses; in some populations, it appears at a higher proportion. This study investigated the prevalence of agenesis of the frontal sinuses using dental volumetric tomography (DVT) in Turkish individuals. The frontal sinuses of 410 patients were examined by DVT scans in the coronal planes for evidence of the absence of the frontal sinuses. A bilateral and unilateral absence of the frontal sinuses was seen in 0.73% and 1.22% of cases, respectively. In one case, both agenesis and aplasia of the frontal sinus was seen (0.24%). The low percentage of frontal sinus agenesis must be considered during pre-surgical planning related to the sinuses. DVT may be used as a diagnostic tool for the examination of frontal sinus aplasia.
Assuntos
Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico/métodos , Seio Frontal/anormalidades , Anormalidades Maxilofaciais/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Osso Frontal/anormalidades , Osso Frontal/diagnóstico por imagem , Seio Frontal/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Masculino , Anormalidades Maxilofaciais/diagnóstico por imagem , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Caracteres Sexuais , Turquia/epidemiologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
The objective of this study was to assess outcomes of hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) patients weighing ≤ 2.5 kg throughout staged palliation. We performed a single-center retrospective review. Abstracted data included gestational age, birth weight, presence of noncardiac anomalies, and survival through Fontan. Fifty-two patients met inclusion criteria, with a median birth weight of 2.14 kg and gestational age of 36 weeks. Five patients received comfort care only. Of 47 patients who underwent initial surgical palliation, 51% survived to initial hospital discharge. Birth weight and gestational age (GA) were similar between survivors and nonsurvivors. Compared with survivors, risk factors for death prior to initial hospital discharge were as follows: small for GA (P = 0.005), noncardiac anomalies (P = 0.04), need for post-perative extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (P = 0.0004), and conversion from initial palliation to Sano shunt (n = 5, no survivors). Operative survival following Stage 2 palliation was 91% (21/23) and 94% after Fontan (17/18). Overall survival for palliated patients from birth through Fontan was 36%. Low-birth-weight neonates with HLHS have poor overall survival through the Fontan operation, with highest mortality following Stage 1 palliation. Being small for GA and the presence of noncardiac anomalies are important preoperative risk factors for early mortality.
Assuntos
Técnica de Fontan , Síndrome do Coração Esquerdo Hipoplásico/cirurgia , Recém-Nascido de Baixo Peso , Comorbidade , Feminino , Técnica de Fontan/mortalidade , Idade Gestacional , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Humanos , Síndrome do Coração Esquerdo Hipoplásico/epidemiologia , Síndrome do Coração Esquerdo Hipoplásico/mortalidade , Recém-Nascido , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Anormalidades Maxilofaciais/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
Binder phenotype (BP), or maxillonasal dysostosis, consists of 6 characteristics: arhinoid face, abnormal position of nasal bones, intermaxillary hypoplasia/malocclusion, reduced/absent anterior nasal spine, atrophy of nasal mucosa, and absence of frontal sinus. The purposes of this study were (1) to review the characteristic facial findings, other malformations, and diagnoses in 8 patients with BP; (2) to compare these patients to those in the literature; and (3) to discuss developmental mechanisms, including genetic and environmental factors, involved in this facial defect. An initial 24 cases of BP were identified from the Iowa Registry of Congenital & Inherited Disorders during the period of 1998 to 2008. Chromosome analysis performed in all 24 cases revealed the following: trisomy 21, trisomy 18, and mosaic trisomy 18. Of the 24 patients, 8 met the specific diagnostic characteristics of BP. All 8 patients were evaluated in the genetics clinic at University of Iowa Children's Hospital, having diagnoses of vitamin K epoxide reductase deficiency, Xp22.3 deletion with chondrodysplasia punctata, Stickler syndrome, fetal warfarin syndrome, Robinow syndrome, and unknown etiology. This study, unlike those in the literature, ascertained cases through a population-based active surveillance registry and therefore may better represent the incidence of BP (â¼1 per 18,000). Most cases were sporadic with a recognizable pattern of malformation, highlighting that chromosomal, genetic, and exogenous factors may cause BP. Of 8 cases remaining after exclusion of chromosome syndromes, 3 cases had in common the involvement of the vitamin K-dependent metabolic pathway, which likely represents a significant pathogenetic mechanism of BP. Clinical characterization of BP, as in these cases, may allow further understanding of other causative developmental mechanisms.
Assuntos
Anormalidades Maxilofaciais/epidemiologia , Anormalidades Múltiplas/epidemiologia , Anormalidades Múltiplas/genética , Criança , Condrodisplasia Punctata/epidemiologia , Condrodisplasia Punctata/genética , Feminino , Testes Genéticos , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Iowa/epidemiologia , Masculino , Anormalidades Maxilofaciais/genética , Fenótipo , Diagnóstico Pré-Natal , Sistema de Registros , Síndrome , Deficiência de Vitamina K/epidemiologia , Deficiência de Vitamina K/genéticaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To propose multidisciplinary, consensus-based, standardization of operational terminology and method of assessment for temporomandibular joint (TMJ) involvement in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). METHODS: Using a sequential expert group-defined terminology and methods-of-assessment approach by (1) establishment of task force, (2) item generation, (3) working group consensus, (4) external expert content validity testing, and (5) multidisciplinary group of experts final Delphi survey consensus. RESULTS: Seven standardized operational terms were defined: TMJ arthritis, TMJ involvement, TMJ arthritis management, dentofacial deformity, TMJ deformity, TMJ symptoms, and TMJ dysfunction. CONCLUSION: Definition of 7 operational standardized terms provides an optimal platform for communication across healthcare providers involved in JIA-TMJ arthritis management.
Assuntos
Artrite Juvenil/diagnóstico , Artrite Juvenil/epidemiologia , Anormalidades Maxilofaciais/diagnóstico , Anormalidades Maxilofaciais/epidemiologia , Guias de Prática Clínica como Assunto/normas , Transtornos da Articulação Temporomandibular/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Artrite Juvenil/terapia , Criança , Comorbidade , Consenso , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Prevalência , Prognóstico , Padrões de Referência , Medição de Risco , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Transtornos da Articulação Temporomandibular/diagnóstico , Transtornos da Articulação Temporomandibular/terapia , Terminologia como Assunto , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
The aim of this interdisciplinary study was to survey the oral health among persons with developmental disabilities (PDD), and to evaluate the impact of the routine referral process at a regional center in Los Angeles, California. This study evaluated the subjects' oral health, access to care, oral health behaviors, and adherence to referrals. The study recruited 102 subjects (74% were African American or Hispanic). Among them, 24% reported brushing their teeth less than once a day, and 68% had dental insurance. The prevalence of leukoplakia was 4% and the prevalence of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) clicking and pain were 11% and 9%, respectively. Their decayed, missing, filled (DMF) equaled 14 points with 7 missing teeth. The subjects' DMF index was poorer compared to the general population. The routine referral process was not effective in improving the subjects' access to dental care. More sophisticated referral systems need to be developed for this population.
Assuntos
Assistência Odontológica para a Pessoa com Deficiência/estatística & dados numéricos , Deficiências do Desenvolvimento , Pessoas com Deficiência Mental , Programas Médicos Regionais/organização & administração , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Índice CPO , Assistência Odontológica para a Pessoa com Deficiência/organização & administração , Prótese Dentária , Feminino , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde , Necessidades e Demandas de Serviços de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Los Angeles/epidemiologia , Masculino , Anormalidades Maxilofaciais/epidemiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Equipe de Assistência ao Paciente , Doenças Periodontais/epidemiologia , Encaminhamento e Consulta , Transtornos da Articulação Temporomandibular/epidemiologiaRESUMO
AIMS: The purpose of this study was to identify special oral and dentofacial manifestations of ß-thalassemia major (ΒTM) in Emarati children in Dubai (UAE). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 38 (ΒTM) and 76 healthy Emirati children were recruited. An oral examination was conducted to determine dmft/DMFT indices, Simplified Oral Hygiene Index, occlusal anomalies, dentofacial, and soft-tissue abnormalities. RESULTS: ΒTM children had significantly higher DMFT compared to the healthy controls (p-value, 0.017). The Met Need Index (MNI) and the Restorative Index (RI) were lower in the ΒTM group but without statistical significance. Calculus Index (CI) was found to be significantly higher in ΒTM children (p-value, 0.002). The proportion of gingivitis was significantly lower in the ΒTM group (p-value, 0.009). ΒTM children had significantly higher proportion of retained primary teeth (p-value, 0.001) and gingival pigmentation compared with healthy controls (p-value, 0.001). BTM children did not have any statistically significant difference in the Angle molar classiication compared to the control. Interestigly, a significantly higher proportion of transverse cross bite was found in the control subjects compared to the BTM group (p-value, 0.004). CONCLUSIONS: Significantly higher DMFT, retained primary teeth, gingival pigmentation, and CI was found in the BTM group compared to the controls while significantly lower gingivitis index and transverse cross bite was seen in the BTM group.
Assuntos
Anormalidades Maxilofaciais/epidemiologia , Doenças da Boca/epidemiologia , Talassemia beta/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Índice CPO , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Emirados Árabes Unidos/epidemiologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the deformations of temporal bone and mandible combined with congenital aural atresia. METHODS: A total of 158 patients with congenital aural atresia were included in the study. The raw CT data of the temporal bone was imported into MIMICS v 12 and threshold dissection, region growing and three-dimensional (3D) calculation were used to calculate 3D models. The 3D characteristics of the temporal bone and upper part of mandible were assessed. RESULTS: The tympanic part of the temporal bone was all undeveloped. Of all the patients included, 14 patients were found to have severe maxillofacial malformations. Among them, 2 cases have floating arch, 4 cases have interrupted arch, 5 cases have mandibular processes hypoplasia and 3 cases have interrupted arch combined with severe maxillary malformation. Ten of the 14 patients were suffered from dysplasia of the mastoid part of the temporal bone as well. CONCLUSION: Maxillofacial malformations may sometimes coexist with congenital aural atresia. Otolaryngologists should not neglect the coexisted maxillofacial malformations and give timely referral to maxillofacial surgeons.
Assuntos
Anormalidades Congênitas/diagnóstico por imagem , Orelha/anormalidades , Imageamento Tridimensional/métodos , Mandíbula/anormalidades , Osso Temporal/anormalidades , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Dissecação , Orelha/diagnóstico por imagem , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Mandíbula/diagnóstico por imagem , Anormalidades Maxilofaciais/complicações , Anormalidades Maxilofaciais/epidemiologia , Osso Temporal/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To report the incidence and classification of dentofacial deformities from the Maxillofacial Department at the Specialty Hospital at the 21st Century National Medical Center of the Mexican Institute of Social Security in Mexico City. A descriptive, retrospective and transversal study was carried out. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Clinical files from 120 patients were reviewed from May 1997 to May 1998 with the purpose of classifying and determining the types of maxillofacial deformities and also to report whether these deformities were corrected by orthognatic surgery. RESULTS: One hundred twenty clinical files were reviewed and dentofacial deformities were found in 47 (39%). All patients were treated with orthognatic surgery. Surgical treatment was often combined (orthodontia and surgery). CONCLUSIONS: Regardless of the type of dentofacial deformities, an individualized treatment protocol must be designed for each patient. It is important to list the priorities and needs of the patients in order to find appropriate solutions, in regard to their importance.
Assuntos
Ossos Faciais/anormalidades , Anormalidades Maxilofaciais/epidemiologia , Anormalidades Dentárias/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Anormalidades Maxilofaciais/classificação , México , Estudos Retrospectivos , Anormalidades Dentárias/classificaçãoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: The 10th revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10) includes more than 14,400 codes. The aim of this study was to study the prevalence and demographics of otorhinolaryngological congenital malformations in an outpatient clinic based of the ICD-10 Q-diagnoses used for congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Electronic hospital records covering six years (2007-2013) were searched to identify all patients with ICD-10 Q-diagnosis. RESULTS: 2342 patients were identified. Malformations of the face and neck were most prevalent (30%). The gender distribution was equal except malformations of tongue, mouth and pharynx, where 70% of the patients were male. CONCLUSIONS: There seems to be a significant excess of ICD-10 codes for otorhinolaryngological malformations. Ten most common otorhinolaryngological malformation codes cover more than 94% of the diagnoses. In addition, the illogicalities and the possibility of coding by diagnosis, symptoms or clinical findings makes the coding suboptimal for the purposes it was originally created for. Malformations of the nose and larynx are rare compared to other anatomic localizations. The age at diagnosis of branchial cysts differs significantly from all other congenital malformations supporting the theory of cystic transformation of cervical lymph nodes.
Assuntos
Orelha/anormalidades , Classificação Internacional de Doenças , Anormalidades Maxilofaciais/epidemiologia , Anormalidades da Boca/epidemiologia , Pescoço/anormalidades , Anormalidades do Sistema Respiratório/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Codificação Clínica , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Laringe/anormalidades , Masculino , Anormalidades Maxilofaciais/genética , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Anormalidades da Boca/genética , Nariz/anormalidades , Faringe/anormalidades , Prevalência , Fatores Sexuais , Língua/anormalidades , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Rapid advances in orthognathic surgery now allow the clinician to treat severe dentofacial deformities that were once only manageable by orthodontic camouflage. These cases were often compromised with unacceptable facial esthetics and unstable occlusal results. Over the past 25 years, there have been numerous improvements in technology and the surgical management of dentofacial deformities. These progressions now allow more predictable surgical outcomes, which ensure patient satisfaction. Not all patients are candidates for surgical treatment; therefore, patient assessment and selection remains paramount in the process of diagnosing and treatment planning for this type of irreversible treatment. The inclusion of patients in the decision-making process increases their awareness and acceptance of the final result. The past three decades indicate an increased usage of orthodontic treatment by both children and adults. Patient demographic profiles for severe occlusal and facial characteristics are presented in an effort to understand the epidemiological factors of malocclusion and predict the population's need for this service.
Assuntos
Má Oclusão/cirurgia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Bucais/estatística & dados numéricos , Seleção de Pacientes , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Cefalometria , Criança , Ossos Faciais/anormalidades , Humanos , Masculino , Má Oclusão Classe II de Angle/cirurgia , Má Oclusão Classe III de Angle/cirurgia , Mandíbula/anormalidades , Mandíbula/cirurgia , Anormalidades Maxilofaciais/epidemiologia , Anormalidades Maxilofaciais/cirurgia , Ortodontia Corretiva , Participação do Paciente , Síndrome , Falha de Tratamento , Estados Unidos/epidemiologiaRESUMO
The Department of Prosthetic Dentistry at the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, serves as a referral centre for maxillofacial prosthetic patients from the surrounding general hospitals and local private clinics. This places a time and financial constraint on the department. The aim of this study was to establish the number of new patients seen annually, the causative factors associated with the various types of defects, the treatment provided and the cost per patient in terms of clinical hours and prosthesis fees. The data were taken from the records of patients treated in the maxillofacial prosthetics clinic during an 8-year period, from January 1991 to December 1998. The total number of new patients was calculated and the data were collated according to the year in which treatment commenced. Results were tabulated according to the number of new cases in each group, the aetiology of the defects, prosthetic treatment provided and the costs in terms of clinical hours and prostheses. The results of this study indicate that there is a need for a specialised Maxillofacial Prosthetic Unit. Although the present fee schedule needs to be revised, there is still a need for a substantial amount of state subsidy.
Assuntos
Unidade Hospitalar de Odontologia/economia , Unidade Hospitalar de Odontologia/estatística & dados numéricos , Prótese Maxilofacial/economia , Prótese Maxilofacial/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto , Idoso , Orçamentos , Feminino , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/epidemiologia , Custos de Cuidados de Saúde , Pesquisa sobre Serviços de Saúde , Humanos , Masculino , Anormalidades Maxilofaciais/epidemiologia , Traumatismos Maxilofaciais/epidemiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Avaliação das Necessidades , Encaminhamento e Consulta/estatística & dados numéricos , África do Sul/epidemiologia , Gerenciamento do Tempo , Recursos HumanosRESUMO
In order to determine a proper method of the treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) it is essential to demonstrate anatomical abnormalities of upper airways. In this study we would like to estimate how often these anatomical abnormalities occur and what is their influence on OSAS severity. 113 patients underwent laryngological examination, the nasal structure, palate and pharynx were evaluated. The anatomical abnormalities of upper airways were found in 86% patients. The most frequent abnormalities found were nasal disorders, however they were not correlated with OSAS severity. Anatomical abnormalities in more than one level of upper airways were found in 50% of the patients and in those patients OSAS symptoms were the most severe. This may explain why the most frequently performed operations in OSAS patients are not very effective.
Assuntos
Anormalidades Maxilofaciais/diagnóstico , Anormalidades Maxilofaciais/epidemiologia , Anormalidades do Sistema Respiratório/complicações , Anormalidades do Sistema Respiratório/diagnóstico , Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono/epidemiologia , Comorbidade , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Polônia/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Examinations of children exposed to the Chernobyl factor showed deterioration of the maxillodental status, presenting as a decrease in the incidence of normal-for-age status in comparison with children from the control group. The incidence of dental abnormalities in children whose parents participated in the Chernobyl accident aftermath is increased by 240,09%. The determination of remote effects of the Chernobyl accident for the health status of Russian children requires a differentiated approach and deserves a special study.
Assuntos
Anormalidades Induzidas por Radiação , Exposição Ambiental/efeitos adversos , Anormalidades Maxilofaciais , Centrais Elétricas , Liberação Nociva de Radioativos , Anormalidades Dentárias , Anormalidades Induzidas por Radiação/epidemiologia , Anormalidades Induzidas por Radiação/etiologia , Adolescente , Criança , Humanos , Anormalidades Maxilofaciais/epidemiologia , Anormalidades Maxilofaciais/etiologia , Fatores de Tempo , Anormalidades Dentárias/epidemiologia , Anormalidades Dentárias/etiologia , UcrâniaRESUMO
The present study has been done in the framework of federal programme "Children of Chernobyl" with the aim to determine spread and structure of dental jaw abnormalities in children born and living in the radiation polluted regions after Chernobyl accident in 1986. 183 children have been examined in Donskoi town of Tula Province with the polluted soil by Cs-137 up to 5 Ci/km. All the examined children were divided into 2 groups: group 1--born in 1980-1986 and group 2--born in 1987-1994. It was determined that 76.5% of children have dental jaw system abnormalities. The most spread ones were occlusion abnormalities in combination with teeth abnormalities (28.9% cases) while the state of dental jaw system corresponding to the age standard was 2 times rarer in children born after the Chernobyl accident.