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1.
BMC Microbiol ; 24(1): 46, 2024 Feb 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38302896

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli are the major causative agents of bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide and are known obligate microaerophiles. Despite being sensitive to oxygen and its reduction products, both species are readily isolated from animal food products kept under atmospheric conditions where they face high oxygen tension levels. RESULTS: In this study, Transposon Directed Insertion-site Sequencing (TraDIS) was used to investigate the ability of one C. jejuni strain and two C. coli strains to overcome oxidative stress, using H2O2 to mimic oxidative stress. Genes were identified that were required for oxidative stress resistance for each individual strain but also allowed a comparison across the three strains. Mutations in the perR and ahpC genes were found to increase Campylobacter tolerance to H2O2. The roles of these proteins in oxidative stress were previously known in C. jejuni, but this data indicates that they most likely play a similar role in C. coli. Mutation of czcD decreased Campylobacter tolerance to H2O2. The role of CzcD, which functions as a zinc exporter, has not previously been linked to oxidative stress. The TraDIS data was confirmed using defined deletions of perR and czcD in C. coli 15-537360. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to investigate gene fitness in both C. jejuni and C. coli under oxidative stress conditions and highlights both similar roles for certain genes for both species and highlights other genes that have a role under oxidative stress.


Assuntos
Infecções por Campylobacter , Campylobacter coli , Campylobacter jejuni , Animais , Campylobacter jejuni/genética , Campylobacter jejuni/metabolismo , Campylobacter coli/genética , Campylobacter coli/metabolismo , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/farmacologia , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/metabolismo , Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , Proteínas de Bactérias/metabolismo , Estresse Oxidativo/genética , Oxigênio/metabolismo , Infecções por Campylobacter/microbiologia
2.
Epidemiol Infect ; 152: e41, 2024 Feb 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38403893

RESUMO

Foodborne infections with antimicrobial-resistant Campylobacter spp. remain an important public health concern. Publicly available data collected by the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System for Enteric Bacteria related to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Campylobacter spp. isolated from broiler chickens and turkeys at the slaughterhouse level across the United States between 2013 and 2021 were analysed. A total of 1,899 chicken-origin (1,031 Campylobacter coli (C. coli) and 868 Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni)) and 798 turkey-origin (673 C. coli and 123 C. jejuni) isolates were assessed. Chicken isolates exhibited high resistance to tetracycline (43.65%), moderate resistance to ciprofloxacin (19.5%), and low resistance to clindamycin (4.32%) and azithromycin (3.84%). Turkey isolates exhibited very high resistance to tetracycline (69%) and high resistance to ciprofloxacin (39%). The probability of resistance to all tested antimicrobials, except for tetracycline, significantly decreased during the latter part of the study period. Turkey-origin Campylobacter isolates had higher odds of resistance to all antimicrobials than isolates from chickens. Compared to C. jejuni isolates, C. coli isolates had higher odds of resistance to all antimicrobials, except for ciprofloxacin. The study findings emphasize the need for poultry-type-specific strategies to address differences in AMR among Campylobacter isolates.


Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos , Infecções por Campylobacter , Campylobacter coli , Campylobacter jejuni , Campylobacter , Animais , Estados Unidos/epidemiologia , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Galinhas/microbiologia , Perus/microbiologia , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Ciprofloxacina/farmacologia , Tetraciclina/farmacologia , Infecções por Campylobacter/epidemiologia , Infecções por Campylobacter/veterinária , Infecções por Campylobacter/microbiologia
3.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis ; 18(3): e0012018, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38427700

RESUMO

Campylobacter causes bacterial enteritis, dysentery, and growth faltering in children in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Campylobacter spp. are fastidious organisms, and their detection often relies on culture independent diagnostic technologies, especially in LMICs. Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli are most often the infectious agents and in high income settings together account for 95% of Campylobacter infections. Several other Campylobacter species have been detected in LMIC children at an increased prevalence relative to high income settings. After doing extensive whole genome sequencing of isolates of C. jejuni and C. coli in Peru, we observed heterogeneity in the binding sites for the main species-specific PCR assay (cadF) and designed an alternative rpsKD-based qPCR assay to detect both C. jejuni and C. coli. The rpsKD-based qPCR assay identified 23% more C.jejuni/ C.coli samples than the cadF assay among 47 Campylobacter genus positive cadF negative samples verified to have C. jejuni and or C. coli with shotgun metagenomics. This assay can be expected to be useful in diagnostic studies of enteric infectious diseases and be useful in revising the attribution estimates of Campylobacter in LMICs.


Assuntos
Infecções por Campylobacter , Campylobacter coli , Campylobacter jejuni , Campylobacter , Criança , Humanos , Campylobacter coli/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Infecções por Campylobacter/diagnóstico , Infecções por Campylobacter/microbiologia , Fezes/microbiologia
4.
mBio ; 15(6): e0058124, 2024 Jun 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38683013

RESUMO

Recombination of short DNA fragments via horizontal gene transfer (HGT) can introduce beneficial alleles, create genomic disharmony through negative epistasis, and create adaptive gene combinations through positive epistasis. For non-core (accessory) genes, the negative epistatic cost is likely to be minimal because the incoming genes have not co-evolved with the recipient genome and are frequently observed as tightly linked cassettes with major effects. By contrast, interspecific recombination in the core genome is expected to be rare because disruptive allelic replacement is likely to introduce negative epistasis. Why then is homologous recombination common in the core of bacterial genomes? To understand this enigma, we take advantage of an exceptional model system, the common enteric pathogens Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli that are known for very high magnitude interspecies gene flow in the core genome. As expected, HGT does indeed disrupt co-adapted allele pairings, indirect evidence of negative epistasis. However, multiple HGT events enable recovery of the genome's co-adaption between introgressing alleles, even in core metabolism genes (e.g., formate dehydrogenase). These findings demonstrate that, even for complex traits, genetic coalitions can be decoupled, transferred, and independently reinstated in a new genetic background-facilitating transition between fitness peaks. In this example, the two-step recombinational process is associated with C. coli that are adapted to the agricultural niche.IMPORTANCEGenetic exchange among bacteria shapes the microbial world. From the acquisition of antimicrobial resistance genes to fundamental questions about the nature of bacterial species, this powerful evolutionary force has preoccupied scientists for decades. However, the mixing of genes between species rests on a paradox: 0n one hand, promoting adaptation by conferring novel functionality; on the other, potentially introducing disharmonious gene combinations (negative epistasis) that will be selected against. Taking an interdisciplinary approach to analyze natural populations of the enteric bacteria Campylobacter, an ideal example of long-range admixture, we demonstrate that genes can independently transfer across species boundaries and rejoin in functional networks in a recipient genome. The positive impact of two-gene interactions appears to be adaptive by expanding metabolic capacity and facilitating niche shifts through interspecific hybridization. This challenges conventional ideas and highlights the possibility of multiple-step evolution of multi-gene traits by interspecific introgression.


Assuntos
Campylobacter coli , Campylobacter jejuni , Epistasia Genética , Transferência Genética Horizontal , Genoma Bacteriano , Recombinação Genética , Campylobacter jejuni/genética , Campylobacter coli/genética , Evolução Molecular , Adaptação Fisiológica/genética , Adaptação Biológica/genética
5.
Biomed Res Int ; 2024: 4631351, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39166218

RESUMO

Campylobacter is a zoonotic foodborne pathogen that is often linked with gastroenteritis and other extraintestinal infections in humans. This study is aimed at determining the genetic determinants of virulence-encoding genes responsible for flagellin motility protein A (flaA), Campylobacter adhesion to fibronectin F (cadF), Campylobacter invasion antigen B (ciaB) and cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) A (cdtA) in Campylobacter species. A total of 29 Campylobacter coli isolates (16 from cattle, 9 from chicken, and 4 from water samples) and 74 Campylobacter jejuni isolates (38 from cattle, 30 from chicken, and 6 from water samples) described in an earlier study in Kajiado County, Kenya, were examined for the occurrence of virulence-associated genes using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and amplicon sequencing. The correlations among virulence genes were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient (R) method. Among the 103 Campylobacter strains screened, 89 were found to harbour a single or multiple virulence gene(s), giving an overall prevalence of 86.4%. C. jejuni strains had the highest prevalence of multivirulence at 64.9% (48/74), compared to C. coli (58.6%, 17/29). The ciaB and flaA genes were the most common virulence genes detected in C. jejuni (81.1% [60/74] and 62.2% [46/74], respectively) and in C. coli (each at 62.1%; 18/29). Campylobacter isolates from chicken harboured the most virulence-encoding genes. C. jejuni strains from chicken and cattle harboured the highest proportions of the cdtA and ciaB genes, respectively. All the C. coli strains from water samples harboured the cadF and flaA genes. The results obtained further revealed a significant positive correlation between cadF and flaA (R = 0.733). C. jejuni and C. coli strains from cattle, chicken, and water harbour virulence markers responsible for motility/colonization, invasion, adherence, and toxin production, evoking their important role in campylobacteriosis development among humans and livestock. The identification of cattle, chicken, and water samples as reservoirs of virulent Campylobacter spp. highlights the possible risk to human health. These data on some virulence genes of Campylobacter will assist food safety and public health officials in formulating policy statements.


Assuntos
Campylobacter coli , Campylobacter jejuni , Galinhas , Fezes , Animais , Campylobacter jejuni/genética , Campylobacter jejuni/patogenicidade , Campylobacter jejuni/isolamento & purificação , Galinhas/microbiologia , Bovinos , Campylobacter coli/genética , Campylobacter coli/patogenicidade , Campylobacter coli/isolamento & purificação , Virulência/genética , Fezes/microbiologia , Quênia/epidemiologia , Fatores de Virulência/genética , Infecções por Campylobacter/microbiologia , Infecções por Campylobacter/veterinária , Microbiologia da Água , Flagelina/genética , Humanos , Proteínas de Bactérias/genética
6.
Microb Genom ; 10(1)2024 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38214338

RESUMO

Campylobacter spp. are a common cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in Australia, primarily acquired from contaminated meat. We investigated the relationship between genomic virulence characteristics and the severity of campylobacteriosis, hospitalisation, and other host factors.We recruited 571 campylobacteriosis cases from three Australian states and territories (2018-2019). We collected demographic, health status, risk factors, and self-reported disease data. We whole genome sequenced 422 C. jejuni and 84 C. coli case isolates along with 616 retail meat isolates. We classified case illness severity using a modified Vesikari scoring system, performed phylogenomic analysis, and explored risk factors for hospitalisation and illness severity.On average, cases experienced a 7.5 day diarrhoeal illness with additional symptoms including stomach cramps (87.1 %), fever (75.6 %), and nausea (72.0 %). Cases aged ≥75 years had milder symptoms, lower Vesikari scores, and higher odds of hospitalisation compared to younger cases. Chronic gastrointestinal illnesses also increased odds of hospitalisation. We observed significant diversity among isolates, with 65 C. jejuni and 21 C. coli sequence types. Antimicrobial resistance genes were detected in 20.4 % of isolates, but multidrug resistance was rare (0.04 %). Key virulence genes such as cdtABC (C. jejuni) and cadF were prevalent (>90 % presence) but did not correlate with disease severity or hospitalisation. However, certain genes (e.g. fliK, Cj1136, and Cj1138) appeared to distinguish human C. jejuni cases from food source isolates.Campylobacteriosis generally presents similarly across cases, though some are more severe. Genotypic virulence factors identified in the literature to-date do not predict disease severity but may differentiate human C. jejuni cases from food source isolates. Host factors like age and comorbidities have a greater influence on health outcomes than virulence factors.


Assuntos
Infecções por Campylobacter , Campylobacter coli , Campylobacter jejuni , Gastroenterite , Humanos , Infecções por Campylobacter/epidemiologia , Infecções por Campylobacter/microbiologia , Campylobacter coli/genética , Austrália/epidemiologia , Fatores de Virulência/genética , Genômica
7.
PLoS One ; 19(8): e0305581, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39159178

RESUMO

Campylobacteriosis outbreaks have previously been linked to dairy foods. While the genetic diversity of Campylobacter is well understood in high-income countries, it is largely unknown in low-income countries, such as Ethiopia. This study therefore aimed to conduct the first genomic characterization of Campylobacter isolates from the Ethiopian dairy supply chain to aid in future epidemiological studies. Fourteen C. jejuni and four C. coli isolates were whole genome sequenced using an Illumina platform. Sequences were analyzed using the bioinformatics tools in the GalaxyTrakr platform to identify MLST types, and single nucleotide polymorphisms, and infer phylogenetic relationships among the studied isolates. Assembled genomes were further screened to detect antimicrobial resistance and virulence gene sequences. Among 14 C. jejuni, ST 2084 and ST 51, which belong to the clonal complexes ST-353 and ST-443, respectively, were identified. Among the 4 sequenced C. coli isolates, two isolates belonged to ST 1628 and two to ST 830 from the clonal complex ST-828. The isolates of C. jejuni ST 2084 and ST 51 carried ß-lactam resistance gene blaOXA-605, a fluoroquinolone resistance-associated mutation T86I in the gryA gene, and a macrolide resistance-associated mutation A103V in 50S L22. Only ST 2084 isolates carried the tetracycline resistance gene tetO. Conversely, all four C. coli ST 830 and ST 1628 isolates carried tetO, but only ST 1628 isolates also carried blaOXA-605. Lastly, C. jejuni ST 2084 isolates carried a total of 89 virulence genes, and ST 51 isolates carried up to 88 virulence genes. Among C. coli, ST 830 isolates carried 71 genes involved in virulence, whereas two ST 1628 isolates carried up to 82 genes involved in virulence. Isolates from all identified STs have previously been isolated from human clinical cases, demonstrating a potential food safety concern. This finding warrants further monitoring of Campylobacter in dairy foods in Ethiopia to better understand and manage the risks associated with Campylobacter contamination and transmission.


Assuntos
Campylobacter coli , Campylobacter jejuni , Variação Genética , Filogenia , Campylobacter coli/genética , Campylobacter coli/isolamento & purificação , Campylobacter coli/efeitos dos fármacos , Campylobacter coli/patogenicidade , Campylobacter jejuni/genética , Campylobacter jejuni/isolamento & purificação , Campylobacter jejuni/patogenicidade , Etiópia/epidemiologia , Infecções por Campylobacter/microbiologia , Infecções por Campylobacter/epidemiologia , Laticínios/microbiologia , Genoma Bacteriano/genética , Sequenciamento Completo do Genoma , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Microbiologia de Alimentos , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Humanos , Tipagem de Sequências Multilocus , Virulência/genética , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana/genética , Animais
8.
J Food Prot ; 87(7): 100308, 2024 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38815809

RESUMO

Human gastrointestinal infections caused by Campylobacter species is the second most important foodborne illness after salmonellosis worldwide. Poultry represent one of the main sources of Campylobacter organisms. In the present study, the short variable region of flagellin gene (SVR-flaA) typing was carried out to determine the variation among the circulating strains of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli. The C. jejuni and C. coli isolated from poultry and poultry meat were screened for the presence of virulence determinants like cadF, flaA, cdtB, and wlaN gene. The screening for wlaN gene is crucial in view of the fact that most patients with Guillian Barre's (GB) syndrome with a preceding history of diarrheal illness have been found to harbor wlaN gene-positive C jejuni strains. Out of the 200 samples comprising poultry meat and cloacal swabs, 21.5% of samples were found to harbor Campylobacter spp. of which 2.5% were Campylobacter jejuni, and 19% were confirmed as Campylobacter coli. The cadF, flaA, cdtB virulence genes were detected in all the Campylobacter spp. isolated in the present study. The presence of the wlaN gene in the Campylobacter jejuni isolated in the present study may pose a public health threat with long-term human health implications. The SVR-flaA typing of twelve Campylobacter isolates obtained in the present study revealed that Campylobacter coli flaA sequence OL471375 is a new strain with a novel allele type 1,675 and peptide sequence 5 which stands deposited in pubMLST database for Campylobacter. The other flaA-SVR gene sequences identified in this study were OL471369, OL471370, OL471371, OL471372, OL471373, and OL471374. Among twelve Campylobacter spp., three distinct DdeI-RFLP patterns were observed, each varying in size from 100 to 1,000 base pairs. Antimicrobial profiling of the Campylobacter spp. isolated in the present study revealed that 50% of the strains were multidrug resistant. All the Campylobacter spp. were resistant to ciprofloxacin (CIP), ampicillin (AMP), penicillin (PEN), and nalidixic acid (NAL) whereas 57.1% of strains were resistant to tetracycline (TET) and erythromycin (ERY) 28% to amoxicillin (AMX) and enrofloxacin (ENO), 85% to amikacin (AMK). The high degree of resistance to fluoroquinolones observed in the present study is crucial in view of fluoroquinolones being drugs of choice for the treatment of human Campylobacter infections.


Assuntos
Campylobacter coli , Campylobacter jejuni , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana Múltipla , Flagelina , Aves Domésticas , Animais , Flagelina/genética , Humanos , Campylobacter jejuni/efeitos dos fármacos , Campylobacter jejuni/genética , Índia , Campylobacter coli/efeitos dos fármacos , Campylobacter coli/genética , Virulência , Contaminação de Alimentos/análise , Microbiologia de Alimentos , Fatores de Virulência/genética , Campylobacter/efeitos dos fármacos , Campylobacter/genética , Carne/microbiologia , Variação Genética , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana
9.
Vet Microbiol ; 293: 110083, 2024 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38593623

RESUMO

Campylobacter spp., such as Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli, are important zoonotic Gram-negative pathogens that cause acute intestinal diseases in humans. In this study, a retrospective analysis was conducted on previously collected Campylobacter isolates from antimicrobial resistance surveillance. A total of 29 optrA-positive C. coli strains were identified and subjected to second-generation sequencing. Multilocus sequence typing and single nucleotide polymorphism analyses demonstrated that the 29 optrA-positive isolates were genetically homogeneous. Notably, among the 29 isolated strains, the ΔoptrA variants exhibit a nonsense mutation at position 979 where the base C is substituted by T, leading to the formation of a premature termination codon. The alignment of sequences and genetic environmental characteristics suggested that ΔoptrA located on a chromosomally carried multidrug-resistant genomic island. There are other resistant genes on the multidrug resistance genomic island, such as aph(2'')-If, aph(3')-III, aadE, tet(O), tet(L), cat, erm(A), optrA and blaOXA-61. As a result, the 29 ΔoptrA-positive strains displayed susceptibility to both florfenicol and linezolid. The ΔoptrA gene is linked to the erm(A) gene, resulting in the formation of translocatable unit (TU) that are encompassed by two copies of IS1216 mobile elements. Multiple occurrences of similar TUs have been documented in numerous C. coli and provided evidence for the significance of TUs in facilitating the transfer of drug resistance genes in C. coli.


Assuntos
Antibacterianos , Infecções por Campylobacter , Campylobacter coli , Galinhas , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana Múltipla , Ilhas Genômicas , Campylobacter coli/genética , Campylobacter coli/efeitos dos fármacos , Ilhas Genômicas/genética , Galinhas/microbiologia , Animais , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana Múltipla/genética , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Infecções por Campylobacter/microbiologia , Infecções por Campylobacter/veterinária , Estudos Retrospectivos , Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Tipagem de Sequências Multilocus , Doenças das Aves Domésticas/microbiologia , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único
10.
PLoS One ; 19(7): e0304409, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38959220

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Children with under-five year age disproportionally affected with foodborne illness. Campylobacteriosis is the most common foodborne disease next to Norovirus infection. Macrolides are commonly prescribed as the first line of treatment for Campylobacter gastroenteritis, with fluoroquinolone and tetracycline as secondary options. However, resistance to these alternatives has been reported in various regions worldwide. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence, associated risk-factors and antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli among under-five children with diarrhea. METHODS: Institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from November, 2022 to April 2023. The study sites were selected using a random sampling technique, while the study subjects were included using a convenient sampling technique. The data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Stool samples were inoculated onto modified charcoal cefoperazone deoxycholate agar and incubated for 48 hours. The suspected colonies were analyzed using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry to confirm the species. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using a disc diffusion technique. All potential covariates (independent variables) were analyzed one by one using bivariate logistic regression model to identify candidate variables with P value < 0.25. Multivariable logistic analysis was used to identify potential associated factors using the candidate variables. A p value ≤ 0.05 at a 95% confidence interval was statistically significant. RESULT: Among the 428 samples, 7.0% (CI: 4.5-9.3) were confirmed Campylobacter species. The prevalence of C. jejuni and C. coli among under-five children was 5.1% (CI: 3.0-7.0) and 1.9% (CI: 0.7-3.3), respectively. C. jejuni (73.3%) was dominant over C. coli (26.7%). The resident, contact with domestic animals, and parents/guardians education level were significantly associated with campylobacteriosis among under-five children. One-third of the Campylobacter isolates (33.3%, 10/30) were resistant to ciprofloxacin and tetracycline whereas 10.0% (3/30) were resistant to erythromycin. Furthermore, 3.3% (1/30) of the Campylobacter were found to be multidrug-resistant. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of Campylobacter species was 7.0%. The resistance rate of Campylobacter species of ciprofloxacin and tetracycline-resistance strains was 33.3%. Peri-urban residence, contact with domestic animals, and low parental educational statuses were significantly associated factors with increased risk of Campylobacter infection. Continuous surveillance on antimicrobial resistance and health education of personal and environmental hygiene should be implemented in the community.


Assuntos
Antibacterianos , Infecções por Campylobacter , Campylobacter coli , Campylobacter jejuni , Diarreia , Humanos , Campylobacter jejuni/efeitos dos fármacos , Campylobacter jejuni/isolamento & purificação , Campylobacter coli/efeitos dos fármacos , Campylobacter coli/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Campylobacter/epidemiologia , Infecções por Campylobacter/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por Campylobacter/microbiologia , Pré-Escolar , Lactente , Feminino , Masculino , Diarreia/epidemiologia , Diarreia/microbiologia , Diarreia/tratamento farmacológico , Etiópia/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana , Prevalência , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Recém-Nascido , Fatores de Risco
11.
Poult Sci ; 103(4): 103485, 2024 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38335668

RESUMO

Chickens are the primary reservoirs of Campylobacter spp., mainly C. jejuni and C. coli, that cause human bacterial gastrointestinal infections. However, genomic characteristics and antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter spp. in low- to middle-income countries need more comprehensive exploration. This study aimed to characterize 21 C. jejuni and 5 C. coli isolates from commercial broilers and native chickens using whole genome sequencing and compare them to 28 reference Campylobacter sequences. Among the 26 isolates, 13 sequence types (ST) were identified in C. jejuni and 5 ST in C. coli. The prominent ST was ST 2274 (5 isolates, 19.2%), followed by ST 51, 460, 2409, and 6455 (2 isolates in each ST, 7.7%), while all remaining ST (464, 536, 595, 2083, 6736, 6964, 8096, 10437, 828, 872, 900, 8237, and 13540) had 1 isolate per ST (3.8%). Six types of antimicrobial resistance genes (ant(6)-Ia, aph(3')-III, blaOXA, cat, erm(B), and tet(O)) and one point mutations in the gyrA gene (Threonine-86-Isoleucine) and another in the rpsL gene (Lysine-43-Arginine) were detected. The blaOXA resistance gene was present in all isolates, the gyrA mutations was in 95.2% of C. jejuni and 80.0% of C. coli, and the tet(O) resistance gene in 76.2% of C. jejuni and 80.0% of C. coli. Additionally, 203 virulence-associated genes linked to 16 virulence factors were identified. In terms of phenotypic resistance, the C. jejuni isolates were all resistant to ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, and nalidixic acid, with lower levels of resistance to tetracycline (76.2%), tylosin (52.3%), erythromycin (23.8%), azithromycin (22.2%), and gentamicin (11.1%). Most C. coli isolates were resistant to all tested antimicrobials, while 1 C. coli was pan-susceptible except for tylosin. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms concordance varied widely, with differences of up to 13,375 single-nucleotide polymorphisms compared to the reference Campylobacter isolates, highlighting genetic divergence among comparative genomes. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the molecular epidemiology of Campylobacter spp. in Thai chicken production systems.


Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos , Infecções por Campylobacter , Campylobacter coli , Campylobacter jejuni , Campylobacter , Animais , Humanos , Galinhas/genética , Tailândia/epidemiologia , Infecções por Campylobacter/epidemiologia , Infecções por Campylobacter/veterinária , Infecções por Campylobacter/microbiologia , Tilosina , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana/genética , Campylobacter/genética , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Sequenciamento Completo do Genoma/veterinária , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana/veterinária
12.
Trop Biomed ; 40(4): 422-429, 2023 Dec 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38308829

RESUMO

Campylobacteriosis is a human infection primarily caused by Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli. Consumption of contaminated chicken and poultry products is the main mode of transmission. These bacteria possess virulence factors, including adhesins and toxins, which contribute to their pathogenesis. Moreover, their large genomes undergo frequent genetic recombination, resulting in a high degree of genetic diversity. However, limited information is available regarding the virulence and genotypic diversity profiles of these microorganisms in the Philippines. The objective of this study was to address this knowledge gap by characterizing Campylobacter isolates obtained from chicken offal sold in wet markets in Metro Manila, Philippines. Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) analysis was performed to determine the sequence types, resulting in the identification of 13 unique sequence types, including nine previously unreported ones, and three clonal complexes. Notably, the widespread sequence type ST-305 was found in samples from different markets. Furthermore, six isolates deposited in the Campylobacter PubMLST database were identified as C. coli based on allele profiles. Profiling using 10 selected virulence genes revealed that more than half of the isolates carried these genes. The most prevalent virulence gene was cadF (100%), followed by flaA (95%), racR, cdtA, cdtB, and cdtC (85%). The genes dnaJ and ceuE were also present in 75% of the isolates. Despite the limited sample size, the findings of this study reveal a significant level of genotypic diversity among the Campylobacter isolates. This diversity has important implications for source attribution studies and the identification of strains involved in campylobacteriosis outbreaks. Furthermore, the investigation of virulence factors associated with colonization and invasion of the avian gut can provide insights for the development of practical applications in Campylobacter control strategies. Understanding and addressing these factors are crucial steps toward mitigating the risk of Campylobacter infections and enhancing public health efforts.


Assuntos
Infecções por Campylobacter , Campylobacter coli , Campylobacter jejuni , Campylobacter , Animais , Humanos , Campylobacter jejuni/genética , Galinhas , Campylobacter coli/genética , Virulência/genética , Infecções por Campylobacter/epidemiologia , Infecções por Campylobacter/veterinária , Infecções por Campylobacter/microbiologia , Tipagem de Sequências Multilocus , Prevalência , Filipinas/epidemiologia , Campylobacter/genética , Fatores de Virulência/genética
13.
PLoS One ; 18(12): e0294110, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38127924

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Early childhood enteric infection with Shigella/EIEC, enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC), Campylobacter, and Giardia has been associated with reduced child growth, yet a recent randomized trial of antimicrobial therapy to reduce these infections did not improve growth outcomes. To interrogate this discrepancy, we measured the enteric infections from this study. METHODS: We leveraged the Early Life Interventions for Childhood Growth and Development in Tanzania (ELICIT) trial, a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of antimicrobial therapy with azithromycin and nitazoxanide provided quarterly to infants from 6 to 15 months of age. We tested 5,479 stool samples at time points across the study for 34 enteropathogens using quantitative PCR. RESULTS: There was substantial carriage of enteropathogens in stool. Azithromycin administration led to reductions in Campylobacter jejuni/coli, enteroaggregative E. coli, and Shigella/EIEC (absolute risk difference ranged from -0.06 to 0.24) 2 weeks after treatment however there was no effect after 3 months. There was no difference in Giardia after nitazoxanide administration (ARR 0.03 at the 12 month administration). When examining the effect of azithromycin versus placebo on the subset of children infected with specific pathogens at the time of treatment, a small increase in weight-for-age Z score was seen only in those infected with Campylobacter jejuni/coli (0.10 Z score, 95% CI -0.01-0.20; length-for-age Z score 0.07, 95% CI -0.06-0.20). CONCLUSION: The antimicrobial intervention of quarterly azithromycin plus or minus nitazoxanide led to only transient decreases in enteric infections with Shigella/EIEC, enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC), Campylobacter, and Giardia. There was a trend towards improved growth in children infected with Campylobacter that received quarterly azithromycin.


Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos , Campylobacter coli , Campylobacter , Lactente , Criança , Humanos , Pré-Escolar , Azitromicina/uso terapêutico , Escherichia coli , Tanzânia , Crescimento e Desenvolvimento , Diarreia/tratamento farmacológico , Fezes
14.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 52(3): 11-20, Sept. 2020. graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1340900

RESUMO

Abstract We studied and compared the prevalence of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli in chicken carcasses from conventional and kosher broiler abattoirs and retail stores. The prevalence of thermotolerant Campylobacter-positive carcasses was 94.0 (kosher) and 32.0% (conventional) (p< 0.0001), while the prevalence of samples contaminated with C. jejuni, C. coli and simultaneously with both species was 36.0, 2.0 and 56.0% (kosher) and 26.0, 4.0 and 2.0% (conventional) (p< 0.0001), respectively. Samples of chicken carcasses (n = 25) and food contact surfaces (tables, n = 25; knives, n=25) from 25 retails were collected and risk quantification was performed. Retails were categorized as high-risk (n = 11), moderate-risk (n = 11) and low-risk (n = 3). Nineteen (76.0%) carcasses, 20 (80.0%) tables and 18 (72.0%) knives were Campylobacter-positive. Retails and abattoirs proved to be sources of carcass contaminaron with Campylobacter spp. Carcasses from kosher abattoirs were mostly contaminated with Campylobacter spp., whereas C. coli was the most prevalent species isolated from carcasses in retail stores.


Resumen El objetivo del estudio fue determinar y comparar la prevalencia de Campylobacter jejuni y Campylobacter coli en carcasas de pollo obtenidas en frigoríficos por faena convencional y kosher, y en locales de expendio. La prevalencia de Campylobacter spp. termotolerante fue del 94,0 (kosher) y del 32,0% (convencional) (p< 0,0001). La prevalencia de muestras contaminadas con C. jejuni, C. coli y con ambas especies fue del 36,0, del 2,0 y del 56,0% (Kosher) y del 26,0, del 4,0 y del 2,0% (convencional) (p< 0,0001), respectivamente. Se tomaron muestras de carcasas (n = 25) y superficies (tablas, n = 25; cuchilla, n = 25) en 25 locales. Los locales fueron categorizados como de riesgo alto (n = 11), moderado (n = 11) y bajo (n = 3). Diecinueve (76,0%) carcasas, 20 (80,0%) tablas y 18 (72,0%) cuchillas fueron positivas para Campylobacter spp. Frigoríficos y locales fueron fuente de contaminación de carcasas con Campylobacter spp. La prevalencia de Campylobacter spp. fue mayor en carcasas kosher. Campylobacter coli fue la especie más prevalente en carcasas de locales.


Assuntos
Animais , Campylobacter , Campylobacter jejuni , Campylobacter coli , Contaminação de Alimentos/análise , Galinhas , Prevalência , Matadouros , Microbiologia de Alimentos , Carne
15.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 40(8): 598-603, Aug. 2020. tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1135668

RESUMO

Campylobacter spp. is a bacterial agent that causes gastroenteritis in humans and may trigger Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) and is also considered one of the main foodborne diseases in developed countries. Poultry and pigs are considered reservoirs of these microorganisms, as well as raw or undercooked by-products are often incriminated as a source of human infection. Treatment in human cases is with macrolide, such erythromycin, that inhibits the protein synthesis of the microorganism. This study aimed to isolate Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli from intestinal content samples of broiler chickens (n=20) and swine (n=30) to characterize the erythromycin resistance profile of the strains and to detect molecular mechanisms involved in this resistance. The minimum inhibitory concentration was determined by agar dilution. The Mismatch Amplification Mutation Assay-Polymerase Chain Reaction (MAMA-PCR) was performed to detect mutations at positions 2074 and 2075 of 23S rRNA region, in addition to PCR test to detect the erm(B) gene. From the intestinal content of broiler chickens, 18 strains of C. jejuni and two strains of C. coli were isolated, whereas, from swine samples, no C. jejuni strain and 14 strains of C. coli were isolated. All C. coli strains were resistant, and three C. jejuni strains from broilers chickens were characterized with intermediate resistance to erythromycin. The MIC of the strains ranged from ≤0.5mg/μL to ≥128mg/μL. All resistant strains had the A2075G mutation, and one strain with intermediate resistance had the A2075G mutation. However, the A2074C mutation and the erm(B) gene were not detected. High resistance levels were detected in C. coli strains isolated from swine. The MAMA-PCR is a practical tool for detecting the erythromycin resistance in Campylobacter strains.(AU)


Campylobacter spp. é um agente bacteriano causador de gastroenterite em humanos e associado à síndrome de Guillain-Barré, sendo a campilobacteriose considerada uma das principais enfermidades de origem alimentar. Aves e suínos são importantes reservatórios desses microrganismos e seus produtos derivados crus ou mal cozidos são muitas vezes incriminados como fonte de infecção humana. A primeira escolha para o tratamento em casos humanos são os antimicrobianos da classe dos macrolídeos como à eritromicina. Dentro desse contexto, o objetivo deste estudo foi isolar Campylobacter jejuni e C. coli a partir de 20 amostras de conteúdo intestinal de frangos de corte e de 30 de suínos ao abate e investigar a resistência à eritromicina das estirpes obtidas e os possíveis mecanismos moleculares envolvidos nesta resistência. A concentração inibitória mínima foi determinada pela diluição em ágar e a técnica MAMA-PCR foi utilizada para detecção de mutações nas posições 2074 e 2075 da região 23s rRNA, foi pesquisado também a presença do gene erm(B) pela PCR. A partir do conteúdo intestinal de frangos de corte foram isoladas 18 estirpes de C. jejuni e duas de C. coli, enquanto de suínos foram obtidas 14 estirpes de C. coli e nenhuma estirpe de C. jejuni. Todas as estirpes de C. coli de suínos foram identificadas como resistentes e três estirpes de C. jejuni de frangos foram caracterizadas com resistência intermediária. A CIM das estirpes variou de ≤0,5mg/μL a ≥128mg/μL. Todas as estirpes resistentes tinham a mutação A2075G e uma cepa com resistência intermediária também apresentou a mutação A2075G. Não foi detectada a mutação A2074C ou a presença do gene erm(B) em nenhuma das estirpes obtidas. Os resultados revelam um alto nível de resistência em estirpes de C. coli isoladas de suínos frente a eritromicina. A técnica MAMA PCR utilizada se constitui em uma ferramenta prática para detecção da resistência à eritromicina em estirpes de C. jejuni e C. coli.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Infecções por Campylobacter/veterinária , Eritromicina , Campylobacter jejuni/efeitos dos fármacos , Campylobacter coli/efeitos dos fármacos , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana , Galinhas , Sus scrofa
16.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 39(8): 592-599, Aug. 2019. tab, ilus
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1040725

RESUMO

The aim was to determine the spread of genetically similar profiles of Campylobacter in chicken carcasses and evaluate their ability to produce transcripts for ciaB, dnaJ, p19 and sodB genes, before and after cultivation in Caco-2 cells. The strains used were isolated from 420 samples of chicken carcasses chilled and frozen ready for marketing. The species were identified by PCR-multiplex, the phylogeny was determined by RAPD-PCR and the presence of transcripts was performed by RT-PCR. We identified 74 (17.6%) of Campylobacter strains, being 55 (74.3%) C. jejuni and 19 (25.7%) C. coli. The phylogenetic relationship demonstrated heterogeneity between isolates of the same species, with absence of clones, indicating the high level of diversity of circulating genotypes. The gene transcription showed conflicting results before and after the culture in Caco-2 cell, so that before cultivation isolates showed greater capacity to transcribe genes related to survival and after the interaction with human cells, the strains showed higher potential to transcribe genes associated with virulence. The result of this study contributes to the understanding of how these seemingly fragile microorganisms are the most prevalent bacterial agents in human gastroenteritis.(AU)


O objetivo foi determinar a disseminação de perfis geneticamente semelhantes de Campylobacter em carcaças de frango e avaliar sua capacidade de produzir transcritos para os genes ciaB, dnaJ, p19 e sodB, antes e após o cultivo em células Caco-2. As cepas utilizadas foram isoladas de 420 amostras de carcaças de frango resfriadas e congeladas prontas para comercialização. As espécies foram identificadas por PCR-multiplex, a filogenia foi determinada por RAPD-PCR e a presença de transcritos foi realizada por RT-PCR. Identificamos 74 (17,6%) das cepas de Campylobacter, sendo 55 (74,3%) C. jejuni e 19 (25,7%) C. coli. A relação filogenética demonstrou heterogeneidade entre isolados da mesma espécie, com ausência de clones, indicando o alto nível de diversidade dos genótipos circulantes. A transcrição gênica mostrou resultados conflitantes antes e após a cultura em células Caco-2, de modo que, antes do cultivo, os isolados apresentaram maior capacidade de transcrever genes relacionados à sobrevivência e após a interação com células humanas, as linhagens apresentaram maior potencial para transcrever genes associados à virulência. O resultado deste estudo contribui para a compreensão de como esses microrganismos aparentemente frágeis são os agentes bacterianos mais prevalentes na gastroenterite humana.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Animais , Zoonoses/etiologia , Campylobacter jejuni/isolamento & purificação , Campylobacter coli/isolamento & purificação , Galinhas/virologia , Fatores de Virulência , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real/veterinária , Transcriptoma
17.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 38(9): 1838-1843, set. 2018. tab, graf
Artigo em Português | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-976515

RESUMO

Muitas espécies de animais silvestres de vida livre servem como reservatório de bactérias patogênicas que ameaçam a saúde humana e dos animais domésticos. Algumas bactérias, como Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, Yersinia enterocolitica e Salmonella enterica, causam enfermidades em humanos e podem contaminar os animais domésticos e silvestres. O Núcleo de Reabilitação da Fauna Silvestre da Universidade Federal de Pelotas (NURFS-UFPel) soluciona uma demanda regional específica de atenção à fauna silvestre brasileira. O objetivo desse trabalho foi identificar a presença de Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, Salmonella spp. e Yersinia enterocolitica em animais silvestres que se encontravam em processo de reabilitação. Foram coletadas amostras de fezes, com uso de zaragatoas estéreis, de 34 aves, 16 mamíferos e 23 répteis. Dos 73 animais amostrados, quatro (5,48%) albergavam Y. enterocolitica, sendo duas aves, um mamífero e um réptil. Salmonella e Campylobacter não foram isolados. Os perfis de bandas dos isolados de Y. enterocolitica analisados pela rep-PCR foram diferentes entre si. Esses resultados indicam que as cepas isoladas não estão relacionadas entre si, não possuindo uma origem comum recente. Vanellus chilensis, Turdus rufiventris, Didelphis albiventris e Pantherophis guttatus podem albergar Y. enterocolitica e eliminá-la nas fezes, oferecendo risco de disseminação desse micro-organismo no ambiente, além de constituírem possíveis fontes de contaminação para humanos e outros animais.(AU)


Wild animals can transmit pathogenic bacteria to human and domestic animal's health. Some bacteria, such as Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, Yersinia enterocolitica and Salmonella enterica, cause diseases in humans and can contaminate domestic and wild animais. The Núcleo de Reabilitação da Fauna Silvestre of Universidade Federal de Pelotas (Nurfs-UFPel) attend a specific regional demand of wildlife in Brazil. The aim of this paper was to identify the presence of these pathogenic bacteria in wild animals in rehabilitation. Stool samples were collected using sterile swabs from 34 birds, 16 mammals and 23 reptilian that were housed at Nurfs. Of the 73 collections, Y. enterocolitica was isolated from four (5.48%) of two birds, one mammal and one reptile. Salmonella and Campylobacter were not isolated. The molecular profile of bands of Y. enterocolitica identified in rep-PCR had differences. These results indicated that the isolates did not have a recent common origin. Pantherophis guttatus, Didelphis albiventris, Turdus rufiventris and Vanellus chilensis could shelt Y. enterocolitica and eliminate the bacteria in stool, offering risk of dissemination of these microorganisms in the environment with possible contamination of humans and other animals.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Yersinia enterocolitica/patogenicidade , Campylobacter jejuni/patogenicidade , Campylobacter coli/patogenicidade , Animais Selvagens/microbiologia , Centros de Reabilitação
18.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 35(2): 213-215, abr. 2018. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1042645

RESUMO

Resumen Introducción: Campylobacter es un importante agente de diarrea en el ser humano. En Ecuador, la información sobre Campylobacter es escasa y no existen antecedentes de susceptibilidad antimicrobiana. Objetivo: Describir la prevalencia de Campylobacter en niños con diarrea y su comportamiento in vitro frente a cinco antimicrobianos. Método: Se estudiaron 253 niños entre siete meses y 9 años de edad, que consultaron por diarrea en dos hospitales de la ciudad de Loja. Se realizó cultivo de muestras fecales e identificación por pruebas fenotípicas y por RPC múltiple. La susceptibilidad antimicrobiana fue determinada por el método de difusión en disco. Resultados: Campylobacter fue diagnosticado en 16 (6,3%) de las muestras, aislándose C. jejuni en 13 (5,1%) y C. coli en 3 (1,2%). Todas las cepas fueron susceptibles a gentamicina y ampicilina/ ácido clavulánico, con baja resistencia a ampicilina y eritromicina y alta resistencia a ciprofloxacina.


Introduction: Campylobacter is an important agent of diarrhea in humans. In Ecuador, the information on Campylobacter is scarce and there are not antecedents about antimicrobial susceptibility. Objective: To describe Campylobacter prevalence in children with diarrhea and their behavior against five antimicrobials in vitro. Method: We studied 253 children with diarrhea aging 7 months to 9 years who consulted for diarrhea in two hospitals in the city of Loja. Fecal samples were cultured and identification by tests by phenotypic tests and multiplex PCR. Susceptibility to 5 antibiotics was determined by the disc-diffusion method. Results: Campylobacter was found in 16 (6.3%) children, being C. jejuni the most frequent one (5.1%), followed by C. coli (1.2%). All strains were susceptible to gentamicin and ampicillin/clavulanic acid, being found low resistance to ampicillin and erythromycin and high resistance to ciprofloxacin.


Assuntos
Humanos , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Infecções por Campylobacter/microbiologia , Infecções por Campylobacter/epidemiologia , Campylobacter jejuni/isolamento & purificação , Campylobacter jejuni/efeitos dos fármacos , Campylobacter coli/isolamento & purificação , Campylobacter coli/efeitos dos fármacos , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana Múltipla , Diarreia/microbiologia , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Infecções por Campylobacter/tratamento farmacológico , Prevalência , Equador/epidemiologia , Fezes/microbiologia , Antibacterianos/classificação
19.
Rev. lab. clín ; 10(2): 109-112, abr.-jun. 2017.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS (Espanha) | ID: ibc-163004

RESUMO

La infección por Campylobacter spp. constituye una de las principales causas de enteritis bacteriana en los seres humanos. Mientras que Campylobacter fetus puede causar infecciones sistémicas tales como celulitis, osteomielitis, artritis, pericarditis y endocarditis, Campylobacter coli y Campylobacter jejuni producen por lo general infecciones gastrointestinales y raramente bacteriemia, excepto en individuos de edad avanzada o inmunodeprimidos. A continuación, exponemos el caso de un varón de 26 años afectado por la inmunodeficiencia XLA, que presentó un cuadro de fiebre de 2 semanas de evolución, con dolor e inflamación en el tobillo izquierdo postintervención quirúrgica y 5-6 deposiciones diarias de heces líquidas. La exploración y la analítica inicial evidenciaron un proceso infeccioso. Se procedió a la realización de coprocultivo y hemocultivo, constatándose bacteriemia por Campylobacter coli (AU)


Campylobacter spp. infection is considered as main bacterial enteritis causes in humans. Among Campylobacter spp., Campylobacter fetus can be a cause of systemic infections such as cellulitis, osteomyelitis, arthritis, pericarditis and endocarditis. However, Campylobacter coli and Campylobacter jejuni predominantly induce gastrointestinal infections and rarely cause bacteremia except in elderly and immunodeficient individuals. The case is presented of a 26 year-old male affected by XLA immunodeficiency, who had a clinical profile of 2 weeks evolution with fever, ankle left postintervention surgical and 5-6 daily liquid bowel movements without pathological products. Initial exploration and analytical showed an infectious process. We proceeded to carry out complementary, stool culture and blood culture tests where it was found Campylobacter coli bacteremia (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Bacteriemia/diagnóstico , Bacteriemia/imunologia , Campylobacter coli/isolamento & purificação , Terapia de Imunossupressão/métodos , Terapia de Imunossupressão , Imunoglobulinas/uso terapêutico , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Levofloxacino/uso terapêutico , Campylobacter coli/patogenicidade , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana
20.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 68(1): 29-38, jan.-fev. 2016. tab, graf
Artigo em Português | LILACS | ID: lil-771873

RESUMO

Doença bacteriana zoonótica, a campilobacteriose é responsável mundialmente por frequentes casos de gastroenterite humana. Campylobacter spp. apresenta fator de virulência associado à diarreia, denominado toxina citoletal distensiva (CDT), sendo codificado pelos genes do complexo cdt. Os objetivos do presente estudo foram: 1) isolar e identificar estirpes de Campylobacter spp. de 102 suabes de carcaças e 102 suabes retais de ovinos (Ovis aries) e de sete amostras de água dos efluentes, antes e depois do tratamento de desinfecção de abatedouro localizado no estado de São Paulo; e 2) detectar, pela técnica de multiplex-PCR, a presença do complexo de genes cdt. Foram isoladas e identificadas, por métodos fenotípicos e genotípicos, sete estirpes de Campylobacter coli provenientes de 4/102 (3,92%) das amostras de suabes retais, 1/102 (0,98%) de suabes de carcaças e 2/7 (28,5%) das águas dos efluentes. Dos isolados de suabes retais, em 2/7 (28,6%) estirpes foi detectada a presença dos genes cdt. Trata-se do primeiro relato de isolamento de estirpes de Campylobacter coli provenientes de abatedouro de ovinos e das estirpes portadoras do complexo de genes cdt nessa espécie animal no Brasil.


A zoonosis and bacterial disease, campylobacteriosis is responsible for frequent cases of human gastroenteritis worldwide. Campylobacter spp. presents the virulence factor called cytolethal distensive toxine (CDT), responsible for diarrhea and codified by the cdt gene. The aims of this study were: 1) to isolate and identify Campylobacter spp. strains from 102 carcass swabs and 102 rectal swabs of sheep (Ovis aries) and seven samples of wastewater, before and after the disinfection treatment, collected from the abattoir of the state of São Paulo; and 2) to detect the presence of cdt gene complex by Multiplex-PCR in strains of Campylobacter spp. Seven strains of Campylobacter coli were isolated and identified by phenotypic and genotypic methods: 4/102 (3.92%) from rectal swabs, 1/102 (0.98%) from carcass swabs and 2/7 (28.5%) from wastewater. From the rectal swab samples 2/7 (28.6%) strains were detected with the cdt gene. This is the first report on the isolation of Campylobacter coli from sheep abattoir, and of strains carrying the cdt gene complex in this animal species in Brazil.


Assuntos
Animais , Matadouros , Campylobacter coli , Efluentes Industriais , Ovinos , Desinfecção da Água , Infecções Bacterianas , Gastroenterite/epidemiologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Multiplex/veterinária , Zoonoses
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