[Successful Closure of Postpneumonectomy Bronchopleural Fistula with Inserting Technique of Omental Pedicle Flap into the Right Main Bronchus:Report of a Case].

A 67-year-old male was admitted to our hospital for the treatment of pyothorax due to bronchopleural fistula at right main bronchus after pneumonectomy for lung cancer( squamous cell carcinoma, pathological stageⅢB). After tube drainage and fenestration, we performed operation to close large diameter fistula, that was almost fully opened stump of the right main bronchus. Omental flap was sutured roughly to the fistula with four stiches and inserted into the bronchus lumen, and covered with latissimus dorsi muscle flap to fix omental pedicle flap and additionally performed thoracoplasty to close the residual space of the pleural cavity. Fistula at the stump became airtight after operation and pyothorax was cured, so our method was thought to be available to close large diameter bronchopleural fistula with omental pedicle flap.

The Vascularized Omentum Lymph Node Transfer - A Key Point in the Lymphedema Management.

Background: As an increased number of women beat breast cancer worldwide, the breast cancer related lymphedema has gained more attention recently. The vascularized omentum lymph node transfer has been approached as an useful tool for advanced and recurrent cases. The purpose of the paper is to emphasize the advantages and disadvantages of this method. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study consists of 17 patients known with breast cancer related lymphedema who received vascularized omentum lymph node transfer. Data was recorded between January 2022 and January 2023. Patients diagnosed with secondary lymphedema stage II or III, unresponsive to previous microsurgical lymphovenous bypass were included. Results: The most prevalent affected site was the left upper limb (59%), where edema was mainly identified in the forearm (75%). Nevertheless, more than half of the subjects have previously received lymphaticovenous anastomosis. The correlation between the stage of lymphedema and the postoperative reduction of the volume of the affected limb was -0.26, the slope to reached -0.33, with an intercept value of 2.64. The follow-up period showed reduced upper limb volume and an improved quality of life. Conclusion: Through an experienced hand, this versatile flap brings hope to breast cancer survivors with lymphedema.

Augmented anastomotic ureteral reconstruction using buccal mucosal graft, initial experience.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the augmented anastomotic ureteral reconstruction using buccal mucosal graft based on omental flap for managing ureteral stricture. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This prospective cohort study was conducted on 13 patients with ureteric strictures of different lengths secondary to Bilhalziasis, iatrogenic (post endoscopy) and post inflammatory etiology in upper and mid ureteral segments were treated with buccal mucosal patch grafts and The graft is fixed to the undersurface or the posterior surface of the omentum before doing graft anastomosis to the ureteral walls as to ensure the process of graft take sticky to the principles of tissue transfer. All patients were subjected to full history taking, clinical examination for assessment of pain, lower or upper urinary track symptoms and laboratory investigation (complete blood count, CRP, liver function test and kidney function test (serum urea and creatinine). RESULTS: The mean operative time was 148.85 min and mean hospital stay was 3 days. Mean blood loss was ranged from 20 to 210 ml and Stent was removed after 8-12 weeks. The mean follow up was 13 months, all patients had a non-obstructive RI value <0.7 with a non-obstructed drainage pattern on the diuretic renogram except one patient who had severe postoperative UTI necessitating nephrostomy tube insertion his drainage curve was plateau. CONCLUSION: BMG ureteroplasty is a valuable option for a carefully selected patient. The fixation of the graft on the back surface of the omentum allows for better anatomical reconstruction without any twisting to the omental pedicle.

Pedicled omental flaps for complex wound reconstruction following surgery for primary spine tumors of the mobile spine and sacrum.

OBJECTIVE: Surgery for primary tumors of the mobile spine and sacrum often requires complex reconstruction techniques to cover soft-tissue defects and to treat wound and CSF-related complications. The anatomical, vascular, and immunoregulatory characteristics of the omentum make it an excellent local substrate for the management of radiation soft-tissue injury, infection, and extensive wound defects. This study describes the authors' experience in complex wound reconstruction using pedicled omental flaps to cover defects in surgery for mobile spine and sacral primary tumors. METHODS: A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted on 34 patients who underwent pedicled omental flap reconstruction after en bloc resection of primary sacral and mobile spine tumors between 2010 and 2020. The study focused on assessing the indications for omental flap usage, including soft-tissue coverage, protection against postoperative radiation therapy, infection management, vascular supply for bone grafts, and dural defect and CSF leak repair. Patient demographic characteristics, tumor characteristics, surgical outcomes, and follow-up data were analyzed to determine the procedure's efficacy and complication rates. RESULTS: From 2010 to 2020, 34 patients underwent pedicled omental flap reconstruction after en bloc resection of sacral (24 of 34 [71%]) and mobile spine (10 of 34 [29%]) primary tumors, mostly chordomas. The patient cohort included 21 men and 13 women with a median (range) age of 60 (32-89) years. The most common indication for omental flap was soft-tissue coverage (20 of 34 [59%]). Other indications included protecting abdominopelvic organs for postoperative radiation therapy (6 of 34 [18%]), treating infections (5 of 34 [15%]), providing vascular supply for free fibular bone graft (1 of 34 [3%]), and repairing large dural defects and CSF leak (2 of 34 [6%]). The median (range) follow-up was 24 (0-132) months, during which 71% (24 of 34) of patients did not require additional surgery for wound-related complications. At last follow-up, 59% (20 of 34) had stable disease and 32% (11 of 34) had recurrence, had progression of disease, or had been discharged to hospice after treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The pedicled omentum is an effective local tissue graft that can be used for complex wound reconstruction and management of high-risk closures in primary spine tumors. This technique may have a lower rate of complications than other approaches and may influence surgical planning and flap selection in challenging cases.

Mediastinal transposition of the greater omentum for treatment of infected prostheses of the ascending aorta and aortic arch.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of transposition of the omentum into the mediastinum to support the replacement of infected aortic grafts or to cover infected aortic grafts that are not amenable for surgical replacement. METHODS: All patients with thoracic aortic graft infections who underwent mediastinal transposition of the omentum at our institution between 2005 and 2023 were included in this study. Mediastinal transposition of the omentum was performed either after replacement of the infected graft ('curative concept') or solely as bailout procedure by wrapping the infected graft ('palliative concept'). The diagnosis, including computed tomography scans during follow-up, was made according to the criteria of the Management of Aortic Graft Infection Collaboration. RESULTS: The patient cohort consisted of 31 patients. Both in-hospital and 1-year mortality were 0% (n = 0) for the curative concept (n = 9) compared to 23% (n = 5) and 41% (n = 9) for the palliative concept (n = 22), respectively. There was no graft infection-associated death or recurrence of infection after 3 years in the curative group. Survival was 52% at 3 years in the palliative group, with freedom of infection in 59% of the patients (n = 13). CONCLUSIONS: Transposition of the omentum and wrapping of the infected aortic prosthetic graft is a useful bailout strategy for patients who are ineligible for replacement of an infected aortic graft. However, mortality stays high. For radical treatment of aortic graft infections, it may prove an effective supportive therapy and represents an important tool in the armamentarium of cardiac surgeons.

Retromesenteric omental flap as arterial coverage in pancreaticoduodenectomy: A novel technique to prevent postpancreatectomy hemorrhage.

BACKGROUND: Clinically relevant postpancreatectomy hemorrhage occurs in 10% to 15% of patients after pancreaticoduodenectomy, mainly in association with clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula. Prevention of postpancreatectomy hemorrhage by arterial coverage with a round ligament plasty or an omental flap is controversial. This study assessed the impact of arterial coverage with an original retromesenteric omental flap on postpancreatectomy hemorrhage after pancreaticoduodenectomy. METHODS: This single-center retrospective study included 812 open pancreaticoduodenectomies (2012-2021) and compared 146 procedures with arterial coverage using retromesenteric omental flap to 666 pancreaticoduodenectomies without arterial coverage. The Fistula Risk Score was calculated. The primary endpoint was a 90-day clinically relevant postpancreatectomy hemorrhage rate according to the International Study Group of Pancreatic Surgery classification. RESULTS: There were more patients with a Fistula Risk Score ≥7 in the arterial coverage-retromesenteric omental flap group: 18 (12%) versus 48 (7%) (P < .01). Clinically relevant postpancreatectomy hemorrhage was less frequent in the arterial coverage- retromesenteric omental flap group than in the no arterial coverage group: 5 (3%) versus 66 (10%), respectively (P = .01). Clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula occurred in 28 (19%) patients in the arterial coverage- retromesenteric omental flap group compared with 165 (25%) in the no arterial coverage group (P = .001). There were fewer reoperations for postpancreatectomy hemorrhage or postoperative pancreatic fistula in the arterial coverage- retromesenteric omental flap group: 1 (0.7%) versus 32 (5%) in the no arterial coverage group (P = .023). In multivariate analysis, arterial coverage with retromesenteric omental flap was an independent protective factor of clinically relevant postpancreatectomy hemorrhage (odds ratio 0.33; 95% confidence interval [0.12-0.92], P = .034) whereas postoperative pancreatic fistula of any grade (odds ratio = 10.1; 95% confidence interval: 5.1-20.3, P < .001) was predictive of this complication. CONCLUSION: Arterial coverage with retromesenteric omental flap can reduce rates of clinically relevant postpancreatectomy hemorrhage after pancreaticoduodenectomy. This easy and costless technique should be prospectively evaluated to confirm these results.

Enxerto pediculado de omento maior como adjuvante no tratamento de osteomielite de tíbia em cão - relato de caso / [Greater omentum pedicle flap as adjunctive treatment of tibial osteomyelitis in a dog - case report]

A osteomielite é um desafio terapêutico em ortopedia, capaz de retardar ou mesmo impedir a consolidação óssea. O omento, há anos, tem sido empregado como alternativa em diferentes procedimentos cirúrgicos, por sua capacidade, entre outras, de angiogênese, sendo aplicado na ortopedia veterinária quando há o risco de não união óssea. Neste caso, um cão Fila Brasileiro foi submetido à realização de enxerto com retalho pediculado de omento maior, após osteomielite resistente presente em osteossíntese de fratura múltipla de tíbia aberta grau II. Durante 16 dias, manteve-se a comunicação do retalho, mas, diante do risco de peritonite, o pedículo foi seccionado. Numa sequência de intervenções cirúrgicas, após 89 dias, houve cicatrização óssea e remissão da osteomielite, mesmo na presença de bactérias multirresistentes. Neste relato, o omento foi efetivo como terapia adjuvante no tratamento da osteomielite e garantiu o retorno da função do membro.(AU)

Osteomyelitis is a therapeutic challenge in orthopedics, capable of delaying or even preventing bone healing. The omentum has been used in different surgical procedures as an alternative for its capacity, among others, of angiogenesis, being applied in veterinary orthopedics, when there is a risk of non-union of bone. In this case, a Brazilian row dog was submitted to grafting with pedicle flap of greater omentum, after resistant osteomyelitis present in open fracture osteosynthesis of open tibia grade II. For 16 days the communication of the flap was maintained, but at the risk of peritonitis, the pedicle was sectioned. In a sequence of surgical interventions, after 89 days, there was bone healing and remission of osteomyelitis, even in the presence of multi-resistant bacteria. In this report, the omentum was effective as adjuvant therapy in the treatment of osteomyelitis and guaranteed the return of limb function.(AU)

Treatment of a femoral septic nonunion in a dog with interlocking nail stabilization associated to corticospongious bone autograft and greater omentum flap: case report / Tratamento de não união séptica femoral em cão com estabilização com haste intramedular bloqueada associada a autoenxerto de osso corticoesponjoso e retalho do omento maior: relato de caso

Chronic septic bone nonunion requires a well-designed therapeutic planning, demanding a multimodal treatment to achieve bone consolidation and elimination of infection. A successful case of an association of the major omentum flap with surgical stabilization with an interlocking nail for treatment of a femoral septic nonunion in dog is reported. The patient had partial functional return of the limb 30 days after surgery, negative bacterial culture with radiographic signs of bone healing and total functional return of the limb at 90th days after the surgical procedure.(AU)

Não uniões ósseas associadas à osteomielite crônica necessitam de um planejamento terapêutico muito bem realizado, demandando tratamento multimodal para conseguir atingir a consolidação óssea e eliminar a infecção. Relatou-se um caso de sucesso do uso da associação de retalho do omento maior com estabilização cirúrgica com haste intramedular bloqueada para tratamento de uma não união séptica de fêmur em cão. O paciente apresentou retorno funcional parcial do membro com 30 dias após a cirurgia, cultura bacteriana estéril com sinais radiográficos de consolidação óssea e retorno funcional total do membro aos 90 dias de pós-operatório.(AU)

Esclerosis Lateral Amiotrófica. Experiencia quirúrgica en 13 pacientes / Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Surgical experience in 13 patients

Introducción: En agosto del 2009 operamos el primer paciente con esclerosis lateral amiotrófica (ELA). Sin embargo, hasta la fecha, todo los investigadores informan que no hay cura para esta enfermedad. Objetivo: Demostrar que la ELA puede ser detenida y mejorada mediante un transplante de epiplón. Material y Método: Presentamos a 13 pacientes con formas bulbar y espinal de ELA. Durante la cirugía encontramos: 1) variantes anatómicas del segmento V4 de las arterias vertebrales, 2) aterosclerosis moderada o severa en ambos segmentos V4, 3) algunas arterias circunflejas originadas desde las arterias espinales anteroventrales (AEAVs) exsangües, 4) hipotrofia de raicillas nerviosas en la hilera de los nervios IX, X y XI, 5) en algunos casos, hipotrofia de la superficie anterior de las pirámides e 6) hipotrofia de raíces anteriores en C5 - C6.Todos ellos recibieron transplante de epiplón a la superficie anterior, lateral y posterior de la medula oblongada y en 5 pacientes, un transplante adicional a nivel C5-C6. Resultados: La mejoría neurológica fue observada desde el primer día de la operación y fue mayor durante los primeros días o semanas de la cirugía que en los siguientes meses. Actualmente, 2 pacientes con 8 y 12 meses de evolución postoperatoria han mejorado en un 90% los síntomas de la forma bulbar de ELA. Conclusión: Estos resultados indican que la forma bulbar de ELA es originada por isquemia progresiva en el territorio intraparenquimatoso de las AEAVs y la forma espinal por isquemia en la arteria espinal anterior, pero a nivel C5 a T1. Eso explicaría porque su revascularización por medio del epiplón produjo mejoría neurológica.

Introduction: In August 2009 we performed surgery for the first time in a patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALE). However, every published report about ALE mentions there is no cure for this condition. Objective: To prove that the progression of ALE may be stopped and the condition may be improved using an epiplon transplant. Material and Method: This report presents our experience with 13 ALE patients, affected by the bulbar and spinal forms of the disease. During the surgical procedures, we made the following findings: 1) anatomical variants in the V4 segment of vertebral arteries, 2) moderate or severe atherosclerosis in both V4 segments, 3) some circumflex blood vessels originating from the low-flow anterior and ventral spinal arteries, 4) hypothrophy of small nerve roots in the pathway of IX, X, and XI cranial nerves, 5) in some cases, hypothrophy of the anterior surface of the pyramids, and 6) hypothrophy of the anterior roots in C5 - C6. Every patient underwent an epiplon transplant upon the anterior, lateral, and posterior aspects of the medulla oblongata, and 5 patients underwent an additional transplant performed upon the C5-C6 territory. Results: Neurological improvement was seen from the first postoperative day, and it reached its maximum level during the first few days or weeks after surgery. Nowadays, 2 patients after eight and twelve months after surgery have had a 90% symptomatic improvement of the bulbar form of ALE. Conclusion: These results indicate that the bulbar form of ALE is caused by progressive ischemia in the parenchymal territory irrigated by the anterior and ventral spinal arteries, and that the spinal form is caused by ischemia in the anterior spinal artery, affecting the area between C5 and T1. This may explain why this revascularization procedure using epiplon tissue led to neurological improvement.

Transplante de epiplón para la enfermedad de Parkinson: Reporte de 3 casos / Omentum tranplant for Parkinson´s disease: Report of 3 cases

Introducción: Desde 1990, hemos postulado que la causa primaria de la enfermedad de Parkinson (EP) es de origen isquémico iniciado en el tegmento mesencefálico. Sin embargo, hasta la fecha, casi todos los investigadores consideran que la etiología es desconocida. Objetivo: Demostrar que la EP puede ser mejorada por medio de un transplante de epiplón. Material y Método: Presentamos 3 pacientes con EP avanzado. A través de una craneotomía temporal localizamos la bifurcación carotídea y el espacio perforado anterior (EPA). Aquí encontramos:1) aterosclerosis en las carótidas supraclinoideas, 2) ausencia de la arteria coroidea anterior o de la comunicante posterior, 3) varias arterias perforantes anteriores y posteriores exsangües y 4) aterosclerosis en la bifurcación basilar. El epiplón fue colocado sobre el EPA y fosa interpeduncular. Resultados: La mejoría neurológica fue observada después del tercer día y evidente en las primeras semanas del postoperatorio. Actualmente, 10 y 23 meses después de la cirugía, dos pacientes requieren medicación antiparkinsoniana a dosis reducidas y además, reciben aspirina y clonazepan. Todos los pacientes realizan actividades cotidianas sin asistencia familiar. Conclusiones: Nuestros resultados indican que la EP es causada por isquemia progresiva en el territorio de las arterias perforantes posteriores; porque, en contraste a esto, su revascularización por medio del omento produjo mejoría neurológica. Así mismo, creemos que el uso regular de aspirina y clonazepan puede ayudar a esta enfermedad.

Introduction: Since 1990, we have postulated that the primary cause of Parkinson´s disease (PD) is of ischemic origin initiated in the mesencephalic tegmentum. However, up to date, almost all researchers consider that the etiology is unknown. Objetive.To demonstrates that PD can be improved by means of omental transplantation. Material and Method: We present 3 patients with advanced PD. Through a temporal craniotomy we located the carotid bifurcation and anterior perforated space (APS). Here we found: 1) atherosclerosis at the supraclinoid carotids; 2) absence of anterior choroidal or posterior communicating arteries; 3) several exsanguine anterior and posterior perforating arteries,and 4) atherosclerosis at the basilar bifurcation. The omentum was placed on the APS and interpeduncular fossa. Results: Neurological improvement was observed after the third day and evident in the first weeks postoperatively. At present, 10 and 23 months after surgery, two patients require incomplete antiparkinsonian medication and besides, they receive aspirin and clonazepan. All of them carry out daily activity without assistance familiar. Conclusions: Our results indicate that PD is caused by progressive ischemia in the intraparenchymal territory of the posterior perforating arteries; because, in contrast to this, its revascularization by means of omentum produced neurological improvement .Likewise we believe that the regular use of aspirin and clonazepan may help to this disease.

Combination of poly L-lactic acid nanofiber scaffold with omentum graft for bone healing in experimental defect in tibia of rabbits / Combinação de poli L-ácido láctico nanofibras com enxerto de omento para reparo ósseo em defeito experimental em tíbia de coelhos

PURPOSE: To investigate the osteoconductive properties and biological performance of Poly L-lactic acid (PLLA) with omentum in bone defects. METHODS: PLLA nanofiber scaffolds were prepared via electrospinning technique. Forty four New Zealand white female rabbits randomly divided into three groups of 18 rabbits each. Created defects in right tibias were filled in group I with omentum, in group II with PLLA nanofiber scaffold and in group III with combination of the omentum and PLLA. The same defects were created in left tibia of all groups but did not receive any treatment (control group). Histological and histomorphometric evaluations were performed at two, four and six weeks after the implantation. RESULTS: Histological changes on all groups along with the time course were scored and statistical analysis showed that the average scores in group III were significantly higher than the other groups. CONCLUSION: Histomorphometric analysis of bone healing was shown to be significantly improved by the combined PLLA with omentum compared with the other groups, suggesting this biomaterial promote the healing of cortical bone, presumably by acting as an osteoconductive scaffold.

OBJETIVO: Investigar as propriedades de osteocondução e desempenho biológico do ácido L láctico-Poly (PLLA) com omento em defeitos ósseos. MÉTODOS: Andaimes PLLA nanofibras foram preparados via eletrofiação técnica. Cinquenta e quatro coelhos fêmeas Nova Zelândia brancos foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em três grupos de 18 coelhos cada. Defeitos criados em tíbias direitas foram preenchidos no grupo I com omento, no grupo II com PLLA nanofibras e no grupo III com a combinação do omento e PLLA. Os mesmos defeitos foram criados na tíbia esquerda de todos os grupos, mas não receberam qualquer tratamento (grupo controle). As avaliações histológicas e histomorfométricas foram realizadas em duas, quatro e seis semanas após a implantação. RESULTADOS: As alterações histológicas em todos os grupos, juntamente com o curso de tempo foram marcados e análise estatística mostrou que as pontuações médias do grupo III foram significativamente mais elevadas do que os outros grupos. CONCLUSÃO: Análise histomorfométrica da cicatrização óssea mostrou-se significativamente melhor com o PLLA combinado com omento em comparação com os outros grupos, sugerindo que este biomaterial promove a cicatrização do osso cortical, provavelmente atuando como osteocondutor.

Adipocyte morphometric evaluation and angiogenesis in the omentum transposed to the breast: a preliminary study

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to describe the probable mechanism of the volume increase of laparoscopically harvested omentum flaps used to treat breast deformities. METHODS: A histological analysis of omentum samples was performed to study the volume increase of laparoscopically harvested omentum flaps. Samples were harvested immediately after the transposition of the omentum from the abdominal cavity to the breast region and during the second surgical procedure for breast symmetrization of eight patients submitted to the transposition of the omentum flap. Changes in the morphometric measurements of the adipocytes (perimeter, diameter, and area), microvascular density (as measured by the CD31 endothelial marker), and immunohistochemical expression of VEGF were documented. RESULTS: The increases in adipocyte size and microvascular density were statistically significant (P < 0.012). The expression levels of VEGF were lower in the second set of samples when compared to the first set, but the differences were not statistically significant (P < 0.093). CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate an increase in cellular volume as measured by adipocyte perimeter, diameter, and area. Moreover, the increase in the number of vessels in the second set of samples suggests that neoangiogenesis was stimulated by the initial increase in VEGF expression levels observed in the first set of samples. The increase in VEGF expression in the flap may have been caused by adipocyte hypertrophy resulting from neoangiogenesis.

Laparoscopic treatment of Poland's syndrome using the omentum flap technique

OBJECTIVE: For patients with Poland's syndrome, a transverse skin fold in the anterior axillary pillar, infra-clavicular depression and an anomalous breast contour are the most uncomfortable disfigurements. This study aims to demonstrate that superior aesthetic results can be achieved by using a laparoscopically harvested omentum flap to treat this condition. METHODS: From a prospectively maintained clinical database of patients undergoing a laparoscopic omentum flap procedure for breast reconstruction, all of the patients with Poland's syndrome were identified and their outcomes were studied. RESULTS: Thirteen consecutive patients with Poland's syndrome were treated and evaluated regarding breast contour, reconstruction of the anterior axillary pillar and filling of the infra-clavicular depression. Implants were employed beneath the flap in 76 percent of cases to improve symmetry. In 23 percent of cases, a contra-lateral mastopexy was performed, and in 15 percent of cases, a breast implant was used. The consistency of the flap is similar to natural breast tissue and only a small incision in the breast fold is needed. The majority of patients (85 percent) were female, with a mean age of 26 (18-53). The flap is extremely malleable, adapts to irregular surfaces, and has a long vascular pedicle. Additionally, its removal does not leave a scar at the donor site as the removal of muscular flaps does. For example, the removal of the latissimus dorsi flap causes a deformity in the dorsal contour. The mean operative time was 201 minutes (80-350) and the mean hospital stay was 2.3 days (1-5). CONCLUSIONS: The outcomes of these patients revealed that the omentum flap technique provided superior amelioration of the deformities caused by Poland's syndrome when compared with other reconstructive options.

Trasplante de epiplón para el nervio ciático lesionado / Omental transplantation for an injury in the sciatic nerve

Caso clínico: Una mujer de 26 años de edad, presentó una historia de 6 meses de pérdida motora y sensitiva en su pie y pierna derecha causada por cirugía de reemplazo de cadera. Dos estudios electrodiagnósticos revelaron ausencia de neuroconducción en los nervios tibial, peroneal y ciático mayor. Seis meses después, ella recibió un transplante de epiplónen la zona dañada del nervio ciático derecho. Resultados: La mejoría neurológica ocurrió a partir del segundo día de la cirugía. Actualmente a dos años de la cirugía, presenta leve a moderada paresia e hipoestesia en su pie y pierna derecha. Ella camina con ayuda de aparatos ortopédicos. Conclusión: Estos resultados indican que con esta modalidad quirúrgica podemos mejorar las secuelas causadas por isquemia y/o trauma en el nervio ciático mayor, y probablemente, en plexo braquial.

Clinical case: A 26-year old woman had a 6-month history of motor and sensorial loss in her right foot and leg after undergoing a hip replacement surgery. Two electro-diagnostic studies revealed absence of nerveconduction in tibial, fibular, and sciatic nerves. Six moths afterwards, the patient underwent an omental transplantation in the damaged area of the right sciatic nerve. Results: Neurological improvement occurred from the second day after surgery. Nowadays, two years after surgery, the patient has mild to moderate paralysis and hypoesthesia in her right foot and leg. The patient is able to walk using orthopedic support. Conclusion: These results indicate that with this surgical approach we may be able to get over the sequels caused by ischemia and/or trauma in the sciatic nerve; and probably this may also apply to the brachial plexus.

Transplante de epiplón para neuralgia occipital primaria / Omentel transplantation for primary occipital neuralgia

Introdución. La neurálgia occipital es una causa común de cefalea, que puede ser primaria o secundaria, y la meta del tratamiento es aliviar el dolor. Caso clínico. Un hombre de 51 años de edad fue admitido con una historia de 6 semanas de neurálgia occipital primaria. El dolor empezó en el área lateral izquierda del cuello y ocasionalmente, en el lado derecho. Tuvo una historia fumador desde los 15 años de edad. A la edad de los 30, 40 y 45 años, respectivamente, sufrió tres episodios de neurálgia occipital con una duración promedio de 4 meses cada una. El examen neurológico fue normal. Una tomografía computada reveló aterosclerosis en el segmento V4 de la arteria vertebral izquierda. Un transplante de epiplón sobre la medula cervical alta y superficie dorsocaudal de la medula oblongada fue realizada. El patiente experimentó alivio completo del dolor desde el primer día de la operación. Conclusión. Actualmente a dos años de la cirugía, la neurálgia occipital primaria a desaparecido. Este resultado sugiere que neuronas isquémicas en la porción caudal de los subnúcleo caudalis del trigémino, son las responsables de la neurálgia occipital primaria.

Introduction. Occipital neuralgia is a common cause of headache, it may be primary or secondary, and the goal of therapy is to alleviate pain. Case report. A 51-year-old man was admitted with a 6-week history of primary occipital neuralgia. Pain began at the left lateral area of the neck and sometimes it took the right side. The patient had been a smoker since he was 15 years old. When he was 30, 40, and 45 years old, he had three episodes of left occipital neuralgia, and their average duration was 4 months in each time. Neurological examination was normal. A CT scan showed atherosclerosis in the V4 segment of the left vertebral artery. An omental transplantation upon the upper cervical cord and the dorsal and caudal surface of the medulla oblongata was performed. The patient experienced complete relief of his pain since the very first day after the procedure. Conclusion. Nowadays, two years after surgery, the patient has no primary occipital neuralgia. This result suggests that ischemic neurons in the caudal portions of subnucleus caudalis are responsible for primary occipital neuralgia.

NeuroSPECT demonstrates increased cortical function in alzheimer’s disease patients for at least two years after omental transposition neurosurgery

Se ha comunicado mejoría clínica después del implante quirúrgico de Omento (delantal de los epiplones) en el cerebro en varias condiciones neurológicas que incluyen Infarto cerebral, Encefalitis, Transecciones de la médula espinal y enfermedad de Alzheimer's. La explicación fisiopatológica de estas mejorías no es conocida pero puede relacionarse con la presencia de Células Madres y factores de crecimiento en el Omento que tendrían efectos sobre la angiogénesis, neurogénesis y sobrevida neuronal. El presente trabajo describe los cambios en la actividad cerebral en dos pacientes con diagnóstico de Enfermedad de Alzheimer's confirmado por biopsia, cuya evolución clínica había entrado a una fase de rápida progresión antes del trasplante de Omento. Los pacientes fueron evaluados psicométricamente mediante la escala de clínica de severidad demencial , desde el punto de vista cognitivo el MMSE examination y Neurospect sequencial con HMPAO medido durante 22 y 42 meses respectivamente. La severidad de la demencia mejoró durante dos o más años, mientras la actividad cortical en áreas bajo, adyacente y contralateral al Omento implantado aumentó en una o dos desviaciones standard sobre los niveles pre-operativos del paciente (el máximo aumento fue un 21 por ciento, cuatro desviaciones standard). En el paciente con menor severidad de demencia se observó a los 22 meses post-trasplante que el cingulado posterior demostraba un aumento de perfusión de 20 por ciento comparado con el nivel pre-operativo. Esto es notable si consideramos que el Omento no tenía un contacto directo con la corteza cingulada posterior que se ve envuelta en las fases iniciales de la Enfermedad de Alzheimer's (Braak y Braak etapas 3-4). Estos hallazgos justifican investigación respecto de los mecanismos por los cuales el Omento puede mejorar la actividad cerebral cortical y las funciones clínicas durante dos o más años en la enfermedad de Alzheimer's.

Açäo do omento na cicatrizaçäo de anastomoses colônicas. Estudo experimental em ratos / Effects of omental wrapping on the colonic anastomoses: experimental study in rats

Desde o século XIX o omento maior vem sendo utilizado em diferentes procedimentos cirúrgicos. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da omentoplasia na cicatrização de anastomoses colônicas em ratos. Utilizaram-se 64 ratos machos, que foram divididos em 4 grupos (A, AN, B, C). Realizou-se uma anastomose colônica situada há 5cm da borda anal, de três maneiras diferentes: para os grupos A e AN, anastomose padrão com 8 pontos seromusculares; para o grupo B, anastomose isquêmica e, para o grupo C uma anastomose deficiente com apenas 4 pontos. Na metade dos animais de cada grupo a anastomose foi recoberta com o omento e desta forma obteve-se os subgrupos AO, ANO, BO, CO. No grupo AN e ANO utilizou-se tinta nanquim para avaliar a neovascularização. Todos os animais foram submetidos a eutanásia no 7§ dia de pós-operatório. Concluiu-se que a utilização da omentoplastia promoveu, uma neovascularização na área de anastomose, aumentou a presença de colágeno e levou a uma diminuição da presença de ader6encias próximo da linha de sutura.

Mediastinite em cirurgia cardíaca: tratamento com epíploon / Mediastinitis after cardiac surgery: treatment using omental flap

CASUÍSTICA E MÉTODOS: Foram analisados 22 casos de mediastinite que ocorreram após 1006 operações cardíacas com esternotomia, realizadas de 1993 a 1998, no Hospital Felício Rocho em Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. A complicação ocorreu em 3,2 porcento dos coronariopatas, 3,1 porcento dos transplantados, 1,1 porcento dos valvares e não ocorreu em portadores de defeitos congênitos. RESULTADOS: O índice geral de mediastinite foi de 2,1 porcento. O microorganismo mais comumente responsável pela infecção foi o Staphylococcus aureus (39,1 porcento). Diversas modalidades terapêuticas para mediastinite foram utilizadas no período: drenagem simples, desbridamento e granulação, rotação de retalho de músculo peitoral e rotação do grande epíploon. CONCLUSÃO: A rotação do retalho de grande epíploon, introduzida no Serviço em 1995 para tratamento dos casos de mediastinite, proporcionou excelentes resultados, não ocorrendo óbitos pela complicação nos últimos 2,5 anos

Una Solucion para Exposiciones Oseas Postraumaticas: Asociacion de Injertos de Epiplon Mayor con Ozonoterapia / A solution for postrumatic osteal exposition: association of greater omentum graft with ozonotherapy

Ante la frecuencia de lesiones con exposicion osea postraumatica de los miembros se reporta la utilizacion del epiplon mayor unido a la ozonoterapia como solucion practica para cubrir estos defectos, ya sea asociandose a la exposicion del foco de fractura y en presencia o no de infeccion local. Se demuestra como con la asociacion de estos metodos puede acortarse el tiempo de curacion debido a la aparicion precoz de tejido de granulacion aun sobre superficies oseas, disminuyen los signos inflamatorios locales en un medio septico sin constatarse signos de rechazo biologico y se ahorra material gastable, anestesicos, medicamentos y tiempo de estadia, al tomarse el injerto de pacientes operadas por ligaduras puerperales, previa aceptacion expresa de donante y receptor, la implantacion del injerto se realiza con anestesia local, sin preparacion previa del lesionado, y se fija con suturas alternativas, con un costo infimo y con una satisfaccion optima de los pacientes