RESUMO
An 11-year-old male receiving aripiprazole, methylphenidate, and clonidine developed acute masseter dystonia inhibiting tracheal intubation after induction of general anesthesia with propofol and rocuronium. Following emergence, he had trismus and jaw discomfort. Psychiatry consultation suspected an acute dystonic reaction, so diphenhydramine was administered intravenously which resolved symptoms. We suspect chronic aripiprazole and methylphenidate usage combined with propofol administration in the short-term absence of methylphenidate made this patient susceptible to dystonic reactions.
Assuntos
Antipsicóticos/efeitos adversos , Aripiprazol/efeitos adversos , Estimulantes do Sistema Nervoso Central/efeitos adversos , Distonia/induzido quimicamente , Metilfenidato/efeitos adversos , Trismo/induzido quimicamente , Anestesia Geral , Apendicectomia , Criança , Clonidina/efeitos adversos , Difenidramina/uso terapêutico , Antagonistas dos Receptores Histamínicos H1/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Masculino , Trismo/tratamento farmacológicoAssuntos
Antidepressivos/efeitos adversos , Rabdomiólise/induzido quimicamente , Sertralina/efeitos adversos , Trismo/induzido quimicamente , Ansiedade/tratamento farmacológico , Eletromiografia , Feminino , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons , Rabdomiólise/complicações , Rabdomiólise/diagnóstico por imagem , Trismo/complicações , Trismo/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
The purpose of this prospective randomized, single blind study was to determine the anesthetic efficacy of 68.8 mg of lidocaine with 50 µg epinephrine compared to 68.8 mg lidocaine with 50 µg epinephrine plus 0.9 M mannitol in inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) blocks. Forty subjects randomly received 2 IAN blocks consisting of a 1.72-mL formulation of 68.8 mg lidocaine with 50 µg epinephrine and a 5-mL formulation of 68.8 mg lidocaine with 50 µg epinephrine (1.72 mL) plus 0.9 M mannitol (3.28 mL) in 2 separate appointments spaced at least 1 week apart. Mandibular anterior and posterior teeth were blindly electric pulp tested at 4-minute cycles for 60 minutes postinjection. No response from the subject to the maximum output (80 reading) of the pulp tester was used as the criterion for pulpal anesthesia. Total percent pulpal anesthesia was defined as the total of all the times of pulpal anesthesia (80 readings), for each tooth, over the 60 minutes. One hundred percent of the subjects had profound lip numbness with both inferior alveolar nerve blocks. The results demonstrated that the 5 mL-formulation of 68.8 mg lidocaine with 50 µg epinephrine plus 0.9 M mannitol was significantly better than the 1.72-mL formulation of 68.8 mg lidocaine with 50 µg epinephrine for all teeth, except the lateral incisor. We concluded that adding 0.9 M mannitol to a lidocaine with epinephrine formulation was significantly more effective in achieving a greater percentage of total pulpal anesthesia (as defined in this study) than a lidocaine formulation without mannitol. However, the 0.9 M mannitol/lidocaine formulation would not provide 100% pulpal anesthesia for all the mandibular teeth.
Assuntos
Anestésicos Combinados , Anestésicos Locais/farmacologia , Lidocaína/farmacologia , Nervo Mandibular/efeitos dos fármacos , Manitol/farmacologia , Bloqueio Nervoso/métodos , Adolescente , Adulto , Anestésicos Locais/efeitos adversos , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Estudos Cross-Over , Teste da Polpa Dentária , Epinefrina , Feminino , Humanos , Lidocaína/efeitos adversos , Masculino , Manitol/efeitos adversos , Estudos Prospectivos , Método Simples-Cego , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Trismo/induzido quimicamente , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: In otolaryngology, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) analogues have been previously analyzed for their roles in neuropathic pain, chronic cough, tinnitus, and perioperative analgesia. The primary aim of this study is to comprehensively summarize and synthesize the existing evidence for lesser known uses of gabapentin and pregabalin in otolaryngology. STUDY DESIGN: A scoping review conducted of the available English-language literature was performed by two authors through April 1, 2021. METHODS: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis criteria were followed, and a quality assessment of included studies was performed using the Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies. RESULTS: Ten studies met inclusion criteria. Three studies found that gabapentin may reduce gastrostomy tube usage and improve swallowing function in head and neck cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy (RT). Three studies suggested that gabapentin may help reduce opiate use when used as a primary analgesic in patients with radiation-induced mucositis. One study demonstrated that pregabalin-reduced trismus severity in patients with radiotherapy-induced trismus. One study demonstrated gabapentin may be useful in patients with phonasthenia. Two studies demonstrated that GABA analogues may be a useful adjunct in patients with globus pharyngeus in the context of likely laryngeal sensory neuropathy. CONCLUSIONS: The most promising potential uses for GABA analogues identified in this review are for improving swallowing, trismus, and narcotic overuse after RT. The benefit of GABA analogues for improving nonorganic voice disorders is also promising while the benefit for globus pharyngeus when possibly related to laryngeal sensory neuropathy is inconclusive. Laryngoscope, 132:954-964, 2022.
Assuntos
Ácidos Cicloexanocarboxílicos , Otolaringologia , Aminas/efeitos adversos , Analgésicos/uso terapêutico , Ácidos Cicloexanocarboxílicos/efeitos adversos , Gabapentina/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Pregabalina/uso terapêutico , Trismo/induzido quimicamente , Trismo/tratamento farmacológico , Ácido gama-Aminobutírico/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
Atraumatic trismus can be one of the presentations of medication-induced acute dystonia, particularly by antipsychotics and less commonly antidepressants. A case of an unusual emergency presentation of atraumatic trismus on initiation of duloxetine is reported. The patient was a 40-year-old woman experiencing sudden difficulty in mouth opening and speaking due to a stiffened jaw after taking 5 days of duloxetine prescribed for her fibromyalgia-related chest pain. Assessment of vital signs is prudent to ensure there is no laryngeal involvement. Other physical examinations and her recent investigations were unremarkable. She was treated for acute dystonia and intravenous procyclidine was given together with oral diazepam. Her symptoms improved immediately and her duloxetine was suggested to be stopped. To our knowledge, this is the first case of isolated trismus induced by duloxetine. Clinicians should be aware of this risk, especially considering the limitation of important physiological functions (such as swallowing, eating, etc) associated with this condition.
Assuntos
Antidepressivos , Cloridrato de Duloxetina , Distonia/induzido quimicamente , Fibromialgia/tratamento farmacológico , Trismo/induzido quimicamente , Adulto , Antidepressivos/efeitos adversos , Antidepressivos/uso terapêutico , Antiparkinsonianos/uso terapêutico , Antipsicóticos/administração & dosagem , Antipsicóticos/efeitos adversos , Cloridrato de Duloxetina/efeitos adversos , Cloridrato de Duloxetina/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Humanos , Prociclidina/uso terapêuticoAssuntos
Antitussígenos/intoxicação , Codeína/análogos & derivados , Morfolinas/intoxicação , Espasmo/induzido quimicamente , Autopsia , Codeína/intoxicação , Morte Súbita Cardíaca/etiologia , Overdose de Drogas , Evolução Fatal , Parada Cardíaca/etiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Espasmo/fisiopatologia , Espasmo/terapia , Fatores de Tempo , Trismo/induzido quimicamenteAssuntos
Anestesia/efeitos adversos , Complicações Intraoperatórias/terapia , Hipertermia Maligna/história , Adolescente , Anafilaxia/etiologia , Anestésicos/efeitos adversos , Anestésicos/história , Animais , Criança , Clorofórmio/efeitos adversos , Clorofórmio/história , Hipersensibilidade a Drogas , Feminino , História do Século XX , Humanos , Hiperpotassemia/terapia , Masculino , Hipertermia Maligna/tratamento farmacológico , Hipertermia Maligna/terapia , Fármacos Neuromusculares Despolarizantes/efeitos adversos , Succinilcolina/efeitos adversos , Suínos , Trismo/induzido quimicamente , Vasodilatadores/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
This case report details the onset of masseter muscle rigidity, elevated creatine kinase levels, and rhabdomyolysis following a sevoflurane mask induction and succinylcholine administration in a 12-year-old boy. The patient had no family or personal history of neuromuscular disease or malignant hyperthermia. Hyperkalemia, metabolic acidosis, and rhabdomyolysis occurred within 75 minutes of masseter muscle rigidity. Subsequent to this event, it was recommended that the patient undergo a workup for neuromuscular disease and malignant hyperthermia with muscle biopsy. Until this workup is completed, the family should advise anesthesia providers that the patient is "malignant hyperthermia susceptible." Masseter muscle rigidity, elevated creatine kinase levels, and rhabdomyolysis will be thoroughly discussed in this article.
Assuntos
Creatina Quinase/sangue , Fármacos Neuromusculares Despolarizantes/efeitos adversos , Rabdomiólise/induzido quimicamente , Succinilcolina/efeitos adversos , Trismo/induzido quimicamente , Criança , Humanos , Masculino , Enfermeiros Anestesistas , Rabdomiólise/complicações , Rabdomiólise/metabolismo , Trismo/complicações , Trismo/metabolismoRESUMO
We report an undiagnosed case of myotonia congenita in a 24-year-old previously healthy primigravida, who developed life threatening masseter spasm following a standard dose of intravenous suxamethonium for induction of anaesthesia. Neither the patient nor the anaesthetist was aware of the diagnosis before this potentially lethal complication occurred.
Assuntos
Anestesia Geral/métodos , Miotonia Congênita/induzido quimicamente , Fármacos Neuromusculares Despolarizantes/efeitos adversos , Complicações na Gravidez/induzido quimicamente , Succinilcolina/efeitos adversos , Trismo/induzido quimicamente , Cesárea , Feminino , Humanos , Miotonia Congênita/diagnóstico , Fármacos Neuromusculares Despolarizantes/administração & dosagem , Gravidez , Complicações na Gravidez/diagnóstico , Succinilcolina/administração & dosagem , Trismo/diagnóstico , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are a commonly used and often effective class of medications in the treatment of mood disorders such as anxiety and depression. Sertraline (1S,4S-N-methyl-4-[3,4-dichlorophenyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-naphthylamine [Zoloft; Pfizer, New York City, NY]) is a frequently used selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor that has shown efficacy in children, adolescents, and adults. We report the case of a 13-year-old boy with sertraline-induced rhabdomyolysis and renal failure, trismus, and cardiopulmonary arrest. Pharmacogenetic testing later revealed our patient had serotonin transporter polymorphisms and enzymatic alterations that put him at risk for increased levels of sertraline and greater likelihood for untoward side effects.
Assuntos
Parada Cardíaca/induzido quimicamente , Rabdomiólise/induzido quimicamente , Inibidores Seletivos de Recaptação de Serotonina/efeitos adversos , Sertralina/efeitos adversos , Trismo/induzido quimicamente , Adolescente , Parada Cardíaca/diagnóstico , Humanos , Masculino , Rabdomiólise/diagnóstico , Trismo/diagnósticoRESUMO
A case of a 60-year-old man with severe trismus after inferior alveolar nerve block is presented. MRI scans as well as histologic examination revealed muscle fibrosis and degeneration of the medial part of the left temporal muscle due to myotoxicity of a local anesthetic agent.
Assuntos
Anestesia Dentária/efeitos adversos , Anestésicos Locais/efeitos adversos , Cicatriz/induzido quimicamente , Cicatriz/cirurgia , Mandíbula/cirurgia , Bloqueio Nervoso/efeitos adversos , Trismo/induzido quimicamente , Trismo/cirurgia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Masseter hypertrophy is a common, prominent feature in many Asian patients, and correction procedures are often requested for esthetic reasons. Toxin masseter injections have a high efficacy and safety profile, but the risks of a variety of side effects or complications remain. OBJECTIVES: The categorization of various complications was based on etiology, with a presentation of the author's own incidence rates for consideration and comparison. METHODS: Six hundred and eighty patients received a total of 2036 sessions of toxin injection for masseter hypertrophy from 2011 to 2016, and complications or complaints were recorded through follow-up on a by-treatment basis. Complications were grouped together based on etiology and discussed. RESULTS: Of 2036 sessions, temporary mastication force decrease was reported after 611 (30%), bruising after 51 (2.5%), headaches after 12 (0.58%), smile limitation after 3 (0.15%), paradoxical bulging after 10 (0.49%), sunken cheeks (subzygomatic volume loss) after 9 (0.44%), and sagging after 4 (0.20%). CONCLUSIONS: Masseter injections remain very safe. To further decrease the incidence rate, injections should only be inside the recommended safety zone, a quadrilateral within the muscle that avoids most important local structures. Keeping injections inside the safe zone, and ideally in 3-4 different locations at least 1 cm from any border, is crucial for the prevention of complications.
Assuntos
Toxinas Botulínicas Tipo A/efeitos adversos , Músculo Masseter/efeitos dos fármacos , Músculo Masseter/patologia , Trismo/induzido quimicamente , Xerostomia/induzido quimicamente , Adulto , Toxinas Botulínicas Tipo A/administração & dosagem , Estudos de Coortes , Paralisia Facial/induzido quimicamente , Paralisia Facial/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Cefaleia/induzido quimicamente , Cefaleia/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Hipertrofia/patologia , Injeções Intramusculares , Masculino , Músculo Masseter/anormalidades , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Segurança do Paciente , Estudos Retrospectivos , Medição de Risco , Resultado do Tratamento , Trismo/fisiopatologia , Xerostomia/fisiopatologiaRESUMO
Hair dye ingestion is an uncommon form of poisoning in the west, however, in some parts of the world such as East Africa and Indian Sub-continent it is not uncommon. The main component of hair dye causing toxicity is Paraphenylenediamine (PPD). This compound has been found to cause angioneurotic edema, rhabdomyolysis and renal failure. We present a case of hair dye poisoning who presented with respiratory distress due to laryngeal edema and later developed trismus and carpopedal spasm. This case report highlights the combined toxicities of sodium EDTA and PPD.
Assuntos
Edema/induzido quimicamente , Ácido Edético/efeitos adversos , Tinturas para Cabelo/efeitos adversos , Doenças da Laringe/induzido quimicamente , Fenilenodiaminas/intoxicação , Rabdomiólise/induzido quimicamente , Trismo/induzido quimicamente , Adulto , Feminino , HumanosAssuntos
Inibidores de Hidroximetilglutaril-CoA Redutases , Doenças Musculares , Rabdomiólise , Humanos , Inibidores de Hidroximetilglutaril-CoA Redutases/efeitos adversos , Doenças Musculares/induzido quimicamente , Doenças Musculares/complicações , Rabdomiólise/induzido quimicamente , Rabdomiólise/complicações , Trismo/induzido quimicamente , Trismo/complicaçõesAssuntos
Anestésicos Intravenosos/efeitos adversos , Piperidinas/efeitos adversos , Propofol/efeitos adversos , Trismo/induzido quimicamente , Anestesia Geral/efeitos adversos , Anestesia Geral/métodos , Anestésicos Intravenosos/administração & dosagem , Anestésicos Intravenosos/uso terapêutico , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Eletivos/métodos , Feminino , Glaucoma/cirurgia , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Piperidinas/uso terapêutico , Propofol/administração & dosagem , Propofol/uso terapêutico , RemifentanilRESUMO
We report the case of a 20-year-old woman who developed masseter spasm after receiving succinylcholine for rapid sequence intubation. Sometimes referred to as "jaws of steel," masseter spasm secondary to anesthetic administration may progress to malignant hyperthermia. Although succinylcholine-induced masseter spasm is uncommon, it is important to be prepared to deal with this entity when administering succinylcholine.