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Pharmacokinetics and milk distribution characteristics of orbifloxacin following intravenous and intramuscular injection in lactating ewes.
Goudah, A; Cho, H-J; Shin, H-C; Shim, J-H; Regmi, N L; Shimoda, M; Abd El-Aty, A M.
Affiliation
  • Goudah A; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
J Vet Pharmacol Ther ; 32(4): 338-44, 2009 Aug.
Article in En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19614838
ABSTRACT
The purpose of the current investigation is to elucidate the pharmacokinetic profiles of orbifloxacin (OBFX) in lactating ewes (n = 6) following intravenous (i.v.) and intramuscular (i.m.) administrations of 2.5 mg/kg W. In a crossover study, frequent blood, milk, and urine samples were drawn for up to 48 h after the end of administration, and were then assayed to determine their respective drug concentrations through microbiological assay using Klebsiella pneumoniae as the test micro-organism. Plasma pharmacokinetic parameters were derived from plasma concentration-time data using a compartmental and noncompartmental analysis, and validated a relatively rapid elimination from the blood compartment, with a slope of the terminal phase of 0.21 +/- 0.02 and 0.19 +/- 0.06 per hour and a half-life of 3.16 +/- 0.43 and 3.84 +/- 0.59 h, for i.v. and i.m. dosing, respectively. OBFX was widely distributed with a volume of distribution V((d(ss))) of 1.31 +/- 0.12 L/kg, as suggested by the low percentage of protein binding (22.5%). The systemic body clearance (Cl(B)) was 0.32 +/- 0.12 L/h x kg. Following i.m. administration, the maximum plasma concentration (C(max)) of 1.53 +/- 0.34 microg/mL was reached at t(max) 1.25 +/- 0.21 h. The drug was completely absorbed after i.m. administration, with a bioavailability of 114.63 +/- 11.39%. The kinetic milk AUC(milk)/AUC(plasma) ratio indicated a wide penetration of orbifloxacin from the bloodstream to the mammary gland. OBFX urine concentrations were higher than the concurrent plasma concentrations, and were detected up to 30 h postinjection by both routes. Taken together, these findings indicate that systemic administration of orbifloxacin could be efficacious against susceptible mammary and urinary pathogens in lactating ewes.
Subject(s)

Full text: 1 Collection: 01-internacional Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Sheep / Ciprofloxacin / Milk / Anti-Infective Agents Limits: Animals Language: En Journal: J Vet Pharmacol Ther Year: 2009 Type: Article Affiliation country: Egypt

Full text: 1 Collection: 01-internacional Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Sheep / Ciprofloxacin / Milk / Anti-Infective Agents Limits: Animals Language: En Journal: J Vet Pharmacol Ther Year: 2009 Type: Article Affiliation country: Egypt