Two-time coherence of pulse trains and the integrated degree of temporal coherence.

ABSTRACT

We examine the temporal coherence properties of trains of nonidentical short optical pulses in the framework of the second-order coherence theory of nonstationary light. Considering Michelson's interferometric measurement of temporal coherence, we demonstrate that time-resolved interferograms reveal the full two-time temporal coherence function of the partially coherent pulse train. We also show that the result given by the time-integrated Michelson interferogram equals the true degree of temporal coherence only when the pulse train is quasi-stationary, i.e., the coherence time is a small fraction of the pulse duration. True two-time and integrated coherence functions produced by specific models representing perturbed trains of mode-locked pulses and supercontinuum pulse trains produced in nonlinear fibers are illustrated.