Therapeutic Implications for Overcoming Radiation Resistance in Cancer Therapy.
Int J Mol Sci
; 16(11): 26880-913, 2015 Nov 10.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-26569225
ABSTRACT
Ionizing radiation (IR), such as X-rays and gamma (γ)-rays, mediates various forms of cancer cell death such as apoptosis, necrosis, autophagy, mitotic catastrophe, and senescence. Among them, apoptosis and mitotic catastrophe are the main mechanisms of IR action. DNA damage and genomic instability contribute to IR-induced cancer cell death. Although IR therapy may be curative in a number of cancer types, the resistance of cancer cells to radiation remains a major therapeutic problem. In this review, we describe the morphological and molecular aspects of various IR-induced types of cell death. We also discuss cytogenetic variations representative of IR-induced DNA damage and genomic instability. Most importantly, we focus on several pathways and their associated marker proteins responsible for cancer resistance and its therapeutic implications in terms of cancer cell death of various types and characteristics. Finally, we propose radiation-sensitization strategies, such as the modification of fractionation, inflammation, and hypoxia and the combined treatment, that can counteract the resistance of tumors to IR.
Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Radiation-Sensitizing Agents
/
Radiation Tolerance
/
Chromosome Aberrations
/
Combined Modality Therapy
/
Gamma Rays
/
Neoplasms
Type of study:
Prognostic_studies
Limits:
Humans
Language:
En
Journal:
Int J Mol Sci
Year:
2015
Type:
Article