Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Complex Chromosomal Abnormalities: A Case Report and Literature Review.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Karyotype is the most important diagnostic and prognostic parameter in myelodys-plastic syndrome (MDS). Here, we describe a novel case of MDS with complex chromosomal abnormalities. CASE PRESENTATION A 55-year-old Chinese female was admitted to the hospital for facial edema and a loss of appetite. Bone marrow aspiration showed the blast cell count 3.6%. Erythrocyte hyperplasia was active, megaloblastoid change was observed, and a wide variability of nuclear numbers, as well as variability of size and shape was present. Bone marrow chromosomal analyses showed 45~48, X, -X, -4, t (5;8) (q13;q22), add (7) (q11), add (13) (p11), -14, del (16) (p13), add (19) (q13), -20, i(21)(q10),+4~6mar [cp15]/46,XX[5]. The patient was diagnosed with MDS with WPSS of the high risk group. IPSS was medium risk-2. IPSS-R was categorized as the extremely high risk group. CONCLUSION: The prognosis and treatment of MDS with complex chromosomal abnormalities are still uncertain, and further studies are needed.