Mechanisms governing PARP expression, localization, and activity in cells.
Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol
; 55(6): 541-554, 2020 12.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-32962438
ABSTRACT
Poly-(ADP)-ribose polymerases (PARPs) are a family of 17 enzymes in humans that have diverse roles in cell physiology including DNA damage repair, transcription, innate immunity, and regulation of signaling pathways. The modular domain architecture of PARPs gives rise to this functional diversity. PARPs catalyze the transfer of ADP-ribose from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) to targets-proteins and poly-nucleic acids. This enigmatic post-translational modification comes in two varieties the transfer of a single unit of ADP-ribose, known as mono-ADP-ribosylation (MARylation) or the transfer of multiple units of ADP-ribose, known as poly-ADP-ribosylation (PARylation). Emerging data shows that PARPs are regulated at multiple levels to control when and where PARP-mediated M/PARylation occurs in cells. In this review, we will discuss the latest knowledge regarding the regulation of PARPs in cells from transcription and protein stability to subcellular localization and modulation of catalytic activity.
Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases
Limits:
Animals
/
Humans
Language:
En
Journal:
Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol
Journal subject:
BIOLOGIA MOLECULAR
/
BIOQUIMICA
Year:
2020
Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
United States