Pharmacokinetics of zonisamide after oral single dosing and multiple-dose escalation administration in domestic chickens (Gallus gallus).
Vet Med Sci
; 7(5): 1928-1937, 2021 09.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34004072
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
There are few effective drugs for treatment of seizures in avian species.OBJECTIVES:
To investigate the pharmacokinetics and safety of zonisamide in chickens.METHODS:
Phase 1 chickens (n = 4) received a single oral dose of zonisamide at 20 mg/kg. Blood samples were collected intermittently for 36 hr after dosing. Phase 2 chickens (n = 8) received zonisamide in a dose escalation protocol (20, 30, 60 and 80 mg/kg orally every 12 hr). The dose was increased weekly, and peak and trough blood samples were collected on Days 1, 3, and 7 each week. Two birds were randomly euthanized at the end of each week. Plasma zonisamide concentrations were analysed using a commercial immunoassay. Drug concentration vs. time data were subjected to non-compartmental pharmacokinetic analysis.RESULTS:
For Phase 1, peak plasma zonisamide (Cmax ) was 15 ± 3 µg/ml at 2 ± 1 hr (Tmax ). The disappearance half-life was 6.5 ± 1 hr. Mean plasma concentrations remained within the (human) therapeutic range (10-40 µg/ml) for 6 hr. For Phase 2 of the study, plasma concentrations of zonisamide remained within or close to the recommended mammalian therapeutic range for birds in the 20 and 30 mg/kg dose. Area under the curve (AUC) and Cmax were dose dependent. Two birds developed immune-mediated haemolytic anaemia.CONCLUSIONS:
Zonisamide appears to be a viable drug for use in chickens at a dose of 20 mg/kg orally every 12 hr.Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Chickens
/
Zonisamide
Type of study:
Guideline
/
Prognostic_studies
Limits:
Animals
Language:
En
Journal:
Vet Med Sci
Year:
2021
Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
United States