Integrated management of Spodoptera frugiperda 6 years post detection in Africa: a review.

ABSTRACT

The introduction of fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) (Lepidoptera Noctuidae) on the African continent has led to paradigm shifts in pest control in maize systems, occasioned by year-round populations. The discovery of resident parasitoid species adapting to the new pest significantly informed decision-making toward avoiding highly hazardous synthetic insecticides to control the pest. A number of biopesticides have shown promise against the fall armyworm, providing a new arsenal for the sustainable management of this invasive pest. However, a few knowledge gaps remain for a fully integrated and sustainable FAW-management approach, particularly on host-resistance potential.