Journey of CAR Tcells: Emphasising the concepts and advancements in breast cancer (Review).
Int J Oncol
; 63(6)2023 Dec.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-37830150
ABSTRACT
Cancer is the primary and one of the most prominent causes of the rising global mortality rate, accounting for nearly 10 million deaths annually. Specific methods have been devised to cure cancerous tumours. Effective therapeutic approaches must be developed, both at the cellular and genetic level. Immunotherapy offers promising results by providing sustained remission to patients with refractory malignancies. Genetically modified Tlymphocytic cells have emerged as a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of solid tumours, haematological malignancies, and relapsed/refractory Blymphocyte malignancies as a result of recent clinical trial findings; the treatment is referred to as chimeric antigen receptor Tcell therapy (CAR Tcell therapy). Leukapheresis is used to remove Tlymphocytes from the leukocytes, and CARs are created through genetic engineering. Without the aid of a major histocompatibility complex, these genetically modified receptors lyse malignant tissues by interacting directly with the carcinogen. Additionally, the outcomes of preclinical and clinical studies reveal that CAR Tcell therapy has proven to be a potential therapeutic contender against metastatic breast cancer (BCa), triplenegative, and HER 2+ve BCa. Nevertheless, unique toxicities, including (cytokine release syndrome, on/offtarget tumour recognition, neurotoxicities, anaphylaxis, antigen escape in BCa, and the immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment in solid tumours, negatively impact the mechanism of action of these receptors. In this review, the potential of CAR Tcell immunotherapy and its method of destroying tumour cells is explored using data from preclinical and clinical trials, as well as providing an update on the approaches used to reduce toxicities, which may improve or broaden the effectiveness of the therapies used in BCa.
Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Breast Neoplasms
/
Hematologic Neoplasms
Limits:
Female
/
Humans
Language:
En
Journal:
Int J Oncol
Journal subject:
NEOPLASIAS
Year:
2023
Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Saudi Arabia