Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in Mozambique: an epidemiological investigation in a primary school sample.
Braz J Psychiatry
; 46: e20233343, 2024.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38243805
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), comorbidity rates with disruptive behavior disorders and main negative outcomes in primary school students in Nampula, Mozambique.METHODS:
We selected a random sample of 748 students for ADHD screening from a population of around 43,000 primary school students. The Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham Rating Scale version IV was applied to both parents and teachers. All students who screened positive (n=76) and a propensity score-matched random subset of students who screened negative (n=76) were assessed by a child psychiatrist.RESULTS:
The prevalence of ADHD was estimated at 13.4% (95%CI 11.5-19.2), and 30.6% of those with ADHD presented comorbid disruptive behavior disorders. Students with ADHD (n=36) had significantly higher rates of both substance use (alcohol, marijuana) (p < 0.001), and school failures than controls (n=96; p < 0.001). Comorbidity between ADHD and disruptive behavior disorders increased the chance of substance use (p < 0.001). Secondary analyses with more restrictive ADHD diagnostic criteria revealed a lower prevalence rate (6.7%; 95%CI 5.2-12.9) with similar patterns of associated factors and negative outcomes.CONCLUSION:
Our findings demonstrated that ADHD is a prevalent mental disorder in Mozambique, and it is associated with similar comorbid profiles, predisposing factors, and negative outcomes, as in other cultures.Key words
Full text:
1
Collection:
01-internacional
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
/
Students
/
Comorbidity
Type of study:
Risk_factors_studies
Limits:
Child
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
Country/Region as subject:
Africa
Language:
En
Journal:
Braz J Psychiatry
Journal subject:
PSIQUIATRIA
Year:
2024
Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Brazil