Determinantes sociales, clínicos y obstétricos relacionados al parto pretérmino en gestantes atendidas en el Hospital Amazónico de YarinacochaUcayali, año 2020 / Social, clinical and obstetric determinants related to preterm birth in pregnant women treated at the Amazon Hospital of Yarinacocha-Ucayali, year 2020
Relacionar los determinantes sociales, clínicos y obstétricos con el parto pretérmino en gestantes atendidas en el hospital Amazónico de Yarinacocha- Ucayali, año 2020. Marco metodológico Se realizó un estudio no experimental, retrospectivo, con diseño transversal descriptivo, con una muestra de 84 gestantes.
Resultados:
Según los resultados los determinantes sociales de las gestantes en estudio, la mayoría se caracterizan por ser ≥ 36 años (31%), ser convivientes (51%), con instrucción secundaria incompleta (33%), procedentes de zona rural y urbano (50%) respectivamente y ser amas de casa (61%). Respecto a los determinantes clínicos (antecedentes), el 61% tuvieron antecedente de aborto; el 33% tuvieron parto distócico en gestación anterior y 32% tuvo antecedentes de parto pretérmino. Referente a los determinantes obstétricos relacionados al parto pretérmino, se obtuvo que el 60% presentó ruptura prematura de membranas; 49% tenía entre 4 a 6 controles prenatales; 43% era multípara; 27% tuvo desprendimiento prematuro de placenta; 24% presentó placenta previa, 12% preeclampsia moderada y 4% desarrolló eclampsia. En cuanto a la edad gestacional al momento del parto, 55% se encontraba entre las 32 a <37 semanas; 38% estaba dentro de las 28 a <32 semanas y 7% eran menores de 28 semanas.
Conclusión:
Los determinantes obstétricos tienen relación significativa con el parto pretérmino. (AU)
Objective:
To relate the social, clinical and obstetric determinants with preterm delivery in pregnant women attended at the Amazonhospital of YarinacochaUcayali, year 2020. Methodological framework A non-experimental, retrospective study was carried out, with a descriptive cross-sectional design, with a sample of 84 pregnant women.
Results:
According to the results, the social determinants of the pregnant women under study, the majority are characterized by being ≥ 36 years old (31%), being cohabiting (51%), with incomplete secondary education (33%), coming from rural and urban areas (50%) respectively and being housewives (61%). Regarding the clinical determinants (antecedents), 61% had a history of abortion; 33% had a dystocic delivery in a previous pregnancy and 32% had a history of preterm delivery. Regarding the obstetric determinants related to preterm delivery, it was found that 60% presented premature rupture of the membranes; 49% had between 4 to 6 prenatal check-ups; 43% were multiparous; 27% had premature detachment of the placenta; 24% had placenta previa, 12% had moderate pre- eclampsia, and 4% developed eclampsia. Regarding gestational age at delivery, 55% were between 32 to <37 weeks; 38% were within 28 to <32 weeks and 7% were younger than 28 weeks.
Conclusion:
Obstetric determinants have a significant relationship with preterm delivery.