Conocer la
incidencia ,
supervivencia y
factores de riesgo del
recién nacido con extremo bajo peso (RNEBP) en el Hospital Hipólito Unanue, de Tacna (HHUT).
Pacientes y
Método . Estudio retrospectivo analítico de
casos y controles. Se analizaron a todos los
nacidos vivos de
embarazo único, con
peso al nacer menor de 1000 g, nacidos durante los años 2000 a 2014 en el HHUT. Se evaluó la
incidencia y
supervivencia por 100
nacidos vivos y se analizaron los
factores de riesgo . Los
casos fueron todos los
recién nacidos con peso < 1000 g y los controles, todos los
recién nacidos con peso entre 2500 y 3999 g. Se calculó el
odds ratio (OR), con un intervalo de
confianza del 95%. La información se obtuvo de la base de datos del
Sistema Informático Perinatal. Resultados. De 49 979
recién nacidos vivos, 191 tuvieron peso < 1000 g; la
incidencia de RNEBP fue 0,38 por 100
nacidos vivos y la
supervivencia , 19,7%, ambas con tendencia ascendente. Los
factores de riesgo asociados fueron madre
soltera (OR = 1,9),
ausencia o control prenatal inadecuado (OR = 11,6) y presencia de
enfermedades maternas (OR = 2,5), tales como como
amenaza de
parto prematuro (OR = 24,9),
rotura prematura de
membranas (OR = 8,1), alteraciones del
líquido amniótico (OR = 7,5),
hemorragia del
tercer trimestre (OR = 5,3) y
enfermedad hipertensiva del
embarazo (OR = 4,2). Conclusiones. El RNEBP en el HHUT, tiene
baja incidencia y
supervivencia ;
sus factores de riesgo son la falta o inadecuado control prenatal y las
enfermedades maternas...
To determine the
incidence ,
risk factors and
survival of
newborn with extremely low weight in the Hipolito Unanue
Hospital , in Tacna.
Patients and
MethOd . A retrospective, analytical, casecontrol study. All
live births of singleton
pregnancy with
birth weight less than 1,000 g, born during the years 20002014 in the Hipolito Unanue
Hospital in Tacna,
Peru , were analyzed. The
incidence and
survival per 100
live births was evaluated and
risk factors were analyzed. The cases were all
infants less than 1000 g, and controls, all
newborns weighing between 2500 and 3999 g. The
odds ratio (OR) was calculated with a
confidence interval of 95%. The information was obtained from the database of
Perinatal Information System . Results. 49979, 191
live births were born with less than 1000 grams of weight, the
incidence of
infants of extremely
low birth weight was 0,38 x 100
live births and
survival 19,7%, with upward
trends . The associated
risk factors were significantly single
mother (OR = 1,9), no or inadequate
prenatal care (OR = 11,6), presence of maternal
pathologies (OR = 2,5) and preterm delivery (OR = 24,9), premature
rupture of
membranes (OR = 8,1), abnormal
amniotic fluid (OR = 7,5),
third trimester bleeding (OR = 5,3) and hypertensive
disease of
pregnancy (OR = 4,2). Conclusion. The newly born extremely
low birth weight Hipolito Unanue
Hospital in Tacna has low
incidence and
survival , and its
risk factors lack or inadequate prenatal and maternal
pathologies ...