The disposition of alfentanil in neonates with respiratory distress.
Pharmacotherapy
; 11(4): 308-11, 1991.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-1923912
The disposition of continuous infusion alfentanil was evaluated in 13 mechanically ventilated neonates (gestational age 37.6 +/- 2.4 wks) with hyaline membrane disease (n = 7) or persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (n = 6). Alfentanil was administered as a loading dose 8 micrograms/kg, followed by a variable-rate continuous infusion (maximum 10 micrograms/kg/hr; minimum 2.5 micrograms/kg/hr) for 27 hours. Serial plasma samples were obtained for pharmacokinetic analysis. Noncompartmental pharmacokinetic analysis of the data revealed the following estimates (mean +/- SD): total-body clearance 3.24 +/- 2.23 ml/kg/minute, volume of distribution 0.54 +/- 0.21 L/kg, and elimination half-life 4.14 +/- 2.58 hours. A significant effect of alfentanil plasma concentration on total-body clearance was found (r = -0.75; p = 0.02), suggesting nonlinear pharmacokinetics. No correlation was seen between total-body clearance and alfentanil dose (r = -0.37; p = 0.32). The results suggest that a larger dose-proportionality study is required to determine the linearity or nonlinearity of alfentanil pharmacokinetics in neonates.
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Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Síndrome da Persistência do Padrão de Circulação Fetal
/
Alfentanil
/
Doença da Membrana Hialina
Limite:
Female
/
Humans
/
Infant
/
Male
/
Newborn
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Pharmacotherapy
Ano de publicação:
1991
Tipo de documento:
Article