Synthesis of sustained release/controlled release nanoparticles carrying nattokinase and their application in thrombolysis.

ABSTRACT

Thrombus-related diseases have a high mortality rate and are seriously threatening human life and health. Nattokinase (NK), which has a strong thrombolytic effect, can treat thrombotic diseases. In this study, NK-conjugated magnetite nanoparticles (NK-MNPs) were prepared to accurately deliver NK to the thrombus site. Fe3 O4, carboxymethyl chitosan and sodium alginate were combined to form magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs), which were prepared to encapsulate NK. The mean diameter of NK-MNPs was 168.9±4.8 nm, and the zeta potential was -33.8±0.9 mV. The release percentage reached a plateau in approximately 12 h, with 65.24% NK released. Magnetic targeting experiments showed that the light transmittance of the solution reached 90%. The results from the in vitro thrombolysis experiments demonstrated the sustained release thrombolysis potential of NK-MNPs. A hemolysis experiment demonstrated that the hemolysis rate of NK-MNPs was less than 5% at an enzymatic activity of 50-150 IU/mL. Moreover NK-MNPs were stored for 90 days at 4 °C and still maintained an enzyme activity above 90%. In conclusion, NK-MNPs hold great promise for improved thrombolytic efficacy, with sustained release and magnetic targeting.