Neuropsychological Impairments and Their Cognitive Architecture in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) with Lewy Bodies and MCI-Alzheimer's Disease.
J Int Neuropsychol Soc
; 28(9): 963-973, 2022 10.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34666864
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:
The present study aimed to clarify the neuropsychological profile of the emergent diagnostic category of Mild Cognitive Impairment with Lewy bodies (MCI-LB) and determine whether domain-specific impairments such as in memory were related to deficits in domain-general cognitive processes (executive function or processing speed).METHOD:
Patients (n = 83) and healthy age- and sex-matched controls (n = 34) underwent clinical and imaging assessments. Probable MCI-LB (n = 44) and MCI-Alzheimer's disease (AD) (n = 39) were diagnosed following National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association (NIA-AA) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) consortium criteria. Neuropsychological measures included cognitive and psychomotor speed, executive function, working memory, and verbal and visuospatial recall.RESULTS:
MCI-LB scored significantly lower than MCI-AD on processing speed [Trail Making Test B p = .03, g = .45; Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) p = .04, g = .47; DSST Error Check p < .001, g = .68] and executive function [Trail Making Test Ratio (A/B) p = .04, g = .52] tasks. MCI-AD performed worse than MCI-LB on memory tasks, specifically visuospatial (Modified Taylor Complex Figure p = .01, g = .46) and verbal (Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test p = .04, g = .42) delayed recall measures. Stepwise discriminant analysis correctly classified the subtype in 65.1% of MCI patients (72.7% specificity, 56.4% sensitivity). Processing speed accounted for more group-associated variance in visuospatial and verbal memory in both MCI subtypes than executive function, while no significant relationships between measures were observed in controls (all ps > .05).CONCLUSIONS:
MCI-LB was characterized by executive dysfunction and slowed processing speed but did not show the visuospatial dysfunction expected, while MCI-AD displayed an amnestic profile. However, there was considerable neuropsychological profile overlap and processing speed mediated performance in both MCI subtypes.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Doença por Corpos de Lewy
/
Doença de Alzheimer
/
Disfunção Cognitiva
Tipo de estudo:
Diagnostic_studies
Limite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Int Neuropsychol Soc
Assunto da revista:
NEUROLOGIA
/
PSICOLOGIA
Ano de publicação:
2022
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Reino Unido