Effects on cardiovascular risk factors of a low- vs high-glycemic index Mediterranean diet in high cardiometabolic risk individuals: the MEDGI-Carb study.
Eur J Clin Nutr
; 78(5): 384-390, 2024 May.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38267533
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
The role of dietary Glycemic Index (GI), independently of fiber intake, in modulating cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk among non-diabetic individuals has not been fully elucidated.OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the effects of a low- versus a high-GI diet, based on a Mediterranean dietary pattern, on cardiometabolic risk factors in individuals at high CVD risk, participating in the MEDGI-Carb intervention study. SUBJECTS ANDMETHODS:
160 individuals, aged 30-69 years, BMI 25-37 kg/m2, with a waist circumference >102 cm (males) or >88 cm (females) and one feature of the metabolic syndrome, participated in a multi-national (Italy, Sweden, USA) randomized controlled parallel group trial. Participants were assigned to a low GI (< 55) or high-GI MedDiet ( > 70) for 12 weeks. The diets were isoenergetic and similar for available carbohydrate (270 g/d) and fiber (35 g/d) content. Fasting metabolic parameters were evaluated in the whole cohort, while an 8-h triglyceride profile (after standard breakfast and lunch) was evaluated only in the Italian cohort.RESULTS:
Blood pressure and most fasting metabolic parameters improved at the end of the dietary intervention (time effect, p < 0.05 for all); however, no differences were observed between the low- and the high-GI MedDiet groups (time x group effect; p > 0.05 for all). Conversely, the low-GI diet, compared with high-GI diet, significantly reduced the 8-h triglyceride profile (p < 0.017, time*group effect) that was measured only in the Italian cohort. However, it induced a reduction of plasma triglycerides after lunch (tAUC) that was of only borderline statistically significance (p = 0.065).CONCLUSIONS:
Consuming a low-GI in comparison with a high-GI MedDiet does not differentially affect the major cardiometabolic risk factors at fasting in individuals at increased cardiometabolic risk. Conversely, it could reduce postprandial plasma triglycerides. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY NUMBER NCT03410719, ( https//clinicaltrials.gov ).
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Doenças Cardiovasculares
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Dieta Mediterrânea
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Índice Glicêmico
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Fatores de Risco Cardiometabólico
Tipo de estudo:
Clinical_trials
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Etiology_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Adult
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Aged
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Female
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Humans
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Male
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Middle aged
País/Região como assunto:
Europa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Eur J Clin Nutr
Assunto da revista:
CIENCIAS DA NUTRICAO
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Itália